Building a socialist core value system is an important theoretical innovation on ideological and cultural construction at the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, and it is also one of the keys to building a harmonious socialist society. The guiding ideology of Marxism, the common ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the national spirit with patriotism as the core, the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core and the socialist concept of honor and disgrace constitute the socialist core value system.

Basic content. As the initial stage of life, laying the foundation of the socialist core value system is not only related to the healthy growth of a generation, but also related to the century-old plan of building a harmonious socialist society. Building a socialist core value system. Education for minors has a long way to go.

The core value system is a banner, which shows that the core position of China's socialist ideology is unshakable no matter how social concepts change and people's value orientation changes. At present, China's economic system continues to undergo profound changes, social structure changes are profound and complicated, interest patterns are widely and profoundly adjusted, ideological changes are fierce and sharp, and various ideologies and cultures are intertwined and impact each other, which brings new topics to the establishment of the socialist core value system and constantly challenges the traditional ideological and moral education for young people. In order to effectively educate children on socialist core values and cultivate a new generation of builders who adhere to the socialist core value system under the background of sustained development of market economy and rapid changes in social concepts, we must reform and innovate the existing ideological and moral education model, and we must be realistic and pragmatic in educating minors on socialist core values.

First, establish educational goals from the perspective of human development and integrate the core value system into the social development needs of teenagers.

Looking back and reflecting on the traditional ideological and moral education, we will find that over the years, we are used to transmitting and inculcating the correct value system as an idea and thought to teenagers, and unconsciously regard teenagers as passive objects in the process of transmitting the advanced value system from the perspective of the overall situation of the cause. The mainstream value education is divorced from the needs of teenagers' own social development. Therefore, the key problem of socialist core values education is how to turn these huge, abstract, theoretical and even empty ideas and theories into things that children really need, are willing to accept and can understand. This is not a question of method, but involves the thinking and transformation of the overall educational concept and value. Its core is to unify the socialist core value system with the growth and development of teenagers, and transform the socialist core value system into the needs of teenagers' own moral development.

R.j.havighurst, a famous American social psychologist, is a representative of development task theory. He believes that different stages of life have different development tasks. No matter what social system background, no matter what stage of development you live in, if the development task of a period is completed well, the relationship between the individual and the outside world, including society, others and nature, will be harmonious, and the living state of the individual will be smooth and happy. On the contrary, it will not adapt to the outside world, conflicts will continue, and even anti-society. It will also face many failures. One of the nine tasks given to the 6- 12-year-old population by this theory is to "form a view of social system and social groups", which is essentially the recognition of the value of social system and mainstream consciousness. As a theory with the western middle class as the main target group, we will not comprehensively evaluate its advantages and disadvantages. But it can give us a very important perspective, that is, to think about social values and ideological and moral education from the individual development of minors. In my opinion, if a person wants to live a successful and happy life, he must establish three supports: material support, self-spiritual support and social support. The fundamental task of education is to help children build these three supports. To help them get material support, it is necessary to cultivate their learning ability and professional ability; To help them gain the ability of self-spiritual support, we must cultivate their firm beliefs and perfect personality; In order to help them gain the ability of social support, we need to promote them to form a correct value system and learn to communicate and cooperate with others. These abilities are based on the society in which teenagers live and their real life, and the socialist core value system, whether it is the guiding ideology of Marxism, the common ideal of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, or the socialist concept of honor and disgrace, is bound to be the important core of these supports.

For example, patriotism education is a big topic, but patriotism is the basis and premise of a child's normal development. Some schools and parents put all their energy and attention on their children's physical health and academic performance, thinking that as long as they grasp these two points well, their children's future will be guaranteed. This is a big misunderstanding, because no one can leave the country, and the country is in each of our lives and in each of our hearts. How can a person who has no concept and no feelings for the country be happy and develop? It is the key to effective patriotism education to let patriotism accompany every step of children's growth and the development of children's values, emotions and sociality. For example, when South Korea carries out patriotic education, it integrates national cultural traditions into children's real social life. Tradition, as the essence of a country and a nation, although seemingly abstract, invisible and intangible, makes people inadvertently flash traces. Therefore, in primary school, South Korea emphasizes learning the proper way of life, that is, in personal life, it emphasizes correctness, honesty, temperance, creativity and deep thinking; In social life, it emphasizes tolerance, affection, harmony, kindness, public spirit, sense of responsibility, unity, cooperation and justice; National life emphasizes the education of three loves: love the country, love the nation and love mankind. It has realized the unification of mainstream values advocated by society and children's daily life, and its thought is worth studying and learning from.

Second, the trinity of values, behavioral ability and moral emotion has turned "mandatory point of view indoctrination and behavioral restraint" into "comprehensive life development counseling".

For a person, values are by no means isolated and single. But for a long time, whether in family, school or society, we are used to simplifying the moral education of teenagers into the transmission and indoctrination of moral values, ethics, ideas and creeds. For minors who are in the learning stage of life, even if they pay attention

For the important role of behavior, we are also used to using lessons, restrictions, regulations, punishments and other means most of the time. Modern children, in particular, enjoy the material achievements that China people have never experienced, and inevitably form a completely different material attitude from their parents; Breathing the relaxed air of unprecedented ideological emancipation, they naturally pay more attention to self-development and pursue freedom and indulgence that their parents never dared to think about; They are experiencing the impact of the rapid development of high technology, and they are bound to have a broad vision, quick thinking, contempt for authority and advocate innovation. In a sense, they are more humane than any previous generation, and their development will be more comprehensive. In social development, the trinity of values, behavioral ability and moral emotion is the only way for the development of this generation of children and the inevitable choice for their internal growth. We must pay full attention to the comprehensive understanding and implementation of the education of the socialist core value system.

As far as social value is concerned.

Focus on the interests of the motherland, adhere to the interests of the people, be honest and self-disciplined, advocate science, love labor, and be harmonious and inclusive. It is not only the basic content of the socialist core value system, but also the inevitable requirement for contemporary teenagers to grow and develop and actively adapt to society. In terms of behavioral ability, the ability to understand, tolerate and accept others; Adaptability to social factors, including the values of the motherland, people and institutions; Through creative labor, realize the ability of "harmony between man and nature"; The four abilities, such as the ability to correctly understand, evaluate and accept oneself, reflect several basic relationships of moral values, which are not only a rule ability, but also a lifestyle and behavior mode under the guidance of values. Emotion is an important part of a person's moral quality, which is related to a person's living condition, a person's living environment and a person's social development. When getting along with others, if a person often faces positive emotions and attitudes such as respect, trust, praise, joy and enthusiasm, he will feel happy and get support; On the contrary, when a person is always in negative emotions and attitudes such as hatred, jealousy, disgust, indifference, doubt and fear, he is bound to be depressed and stay away from the crowd. Therefore, cultivating children's positive feelings for the motherland, the people, labor and science, and stimulating children's emotional ability to adjust negative emotions such as harming others and benefiting themselves, ignorance, love leisure and hate labor are also important components of socialist core value system education, which cannot be ignored.

For example, the education of children's "human" concept and values is an important part of mainstream values education, but in the past education, we were looking for children (source: civil servants online

Http://* *) neglects to inspire children to pay attention to "people" and unconsciously abstracts "people". In fact, people-oriented is not only an important guiding value for the development and progress of our party and country, but also an epistemological basis for serving people's moral quality. To educate minors to serve the people, we must pay attention to cultivating their correct understanding and attitude towards the "people". This includes respect for "people" in the sense of each individual, especially sympathy, emotion, help and support for the disadvantaged groups in society, and guiding minors to understand the behaviors and thoughts of serving the society and the people from the perspective of "people", and so on. Teachers and parents usually pay attention to respect others and cultivate an atmosphere of mutual respect around minors. These seem to have little to do with the education of core values such as the basic theory of Marxism, but their influence on minors should never be underestimated.

For another example, patriotism is a social value concept, but it is a real emotion for a social individual. When athletes win the world championship and the five-star red flag Ran Ran is raised, they often burst into tears. At this time, the country is no longer a simple symbol, and patriotism is no longer a dry truth. Its surging emotions and rich contents are stirring everyone's heart. Childhood life is the base and cradle of a person's emotional development, and it is also the most important place where a person's patriotic feelings occur. Make full use of the emotional elements of patriotism in the social environment, and play the role of rendering, moving, inspiring and strengthening the patriotic feelings of minors; Being good at creating emotional scenes, preparing activities and arranging objects, all strive to create an atmosphere in which minors are shocked while accepting values, which is particularly important for the establishment of core values of patriotism and is of great significance to a person's healthy growth.

Third, change passive acceptance into active learning, and change "giving the truth to children" into "leading children to discover the truth".

Emphasizing the subjectivity of the educated is the core concept of modern education. "Leading children to discover the truth" is to really put minors in the position of initiative in education; Really realize the active exploration state of minors; Really change the situation that educators actively instill self-talk and educatees passively accept and are indifferent in the process of mainstream values education.

First, we should constantly update the concept of education, especially when we have specific contact with children, and establish correct instrumental values, that is, the most basic values that are specific and run through the whole education process. For example, treat children correctly and give them due respect as dynamic and developing subjects; Treat each child as a unique and different entity and should be treated differently; Always adopt an accepting attitude, that is, actively face children from the perspective of understanding; Establish the concept of respect, that is, respect for children's right to self-choice and self-determination in the work process; Pay attention to the consistency between being responsible for children and being responsible for society, and unify the objective requirements of social development with the development needs of children themselves, and so on.

Second, we should look for educational themes around social reality and children's needs. Our moral education plan must not only come from the spirit of superiors and the documents issued. A good educational theme must come from the focus of children's growth, the hot spots they pay attention to and discuss, the contradiction between them and society, adults and themselves, and the key points of their development. We are used to taking patriotism, national tradition, ideals and beliefs as the main forms of educational organization. For children, "problem-centered" and "problem" may be more needed, that is, they are closely related to real life, that is, cross-system and interdisciplinary, that is, children are interested and need to actively think and explore. Without these problems closely related to the lives of minors, it is difficult to improve the effectiveness of education.

Third, the education of socialist core values must emphasize the process of practice, experience and creation, and make children become the initiative in social growth through their own role experience and situational experience as much as possible. Especially those pure theories, viewpoints and understandings that are far away from their real life and even seem contradictory to children, without the active participation of children, it is impossible to have real recognition.

For example, "honesty and trustworthiness" is of great significance to the healthy growth of teenagers. However, how to carry out effective honesty and trustworthiness education for children is a puzzle and difficult problem in education. In addition to children's own characteristics of the times, the ideological diversity of society and the moral anomie among adults also pose a sharp challenge to the honest education that simply makes sense and demands.

At this time, it is a good way to give full play to children's initiative to receive education by establishing the "rules" of children's identity and making the abstract ideological quality of unity and friendship cultural and regular. At home, formulate some rules that reflect the relationship between individuals and others, the collective and society, such as the rule of respecting the elderly: if you have delicious food, you should give it to your grandparents first, say goodbye when you go out, take the initiative to say hello to your grandparents when you come home from school, and get the consent of your elders in advance. For example, the rules of civilized language: say "hello" when you meet teachers and elders; Say goodbye to classmates or family members; Say "thank you" when you get help from others; Inadvertently doing something that affects others and saying "I'm sorry"; When others apologize to themselves, they say "it doesn't matter"; Go home and say "I'm back", and so on.

The content, scope of application and reward and punishment methods of the rules should be discussed and decided with the children; Once established, parents take the lead in implementation, and if they accidentally violate it, they will take the initiative to accept punishment; Rules should be constantly revised with the change of social situation and the growth of children to enrich their connotation. For children, rules are an external constraint, and the conclusion of self-participation will help him gradually internalize this external constraint, so that he can continue to strengthen behavior training under self-constraint.

I gradually understand that I should be filial to my parents, kind to my classmates, understanding to my teachers, generous to my friends, obedient to group rules, rational to conflicts, tolerant to different opinions, respectful to vulnerable groups, accepting foreign cultures, actively adapting to the outside world, loving the world, and so on. These values and behavior habits of solidarity and mutual assistance will truly penetrate our hearts.

For another example, for children, taking part in a social welfare labor, planting a tree in the suburbs on Arbor Day, helping a neighbor in the community who needs help, and creating a work that celebrates the new face of the motherland are all things they are willing to participate in. Under the active guidance of adults, children will get things that books can't get in these practices, and distinguish between right and wrong, honor and disgrace. Many social moral behaviors have two characteristics: altruism and self-awareness. Only by mobilizing conscious enthusiasm can values be firm and altruism be active.

Fourth, take the changing society as the background of moral education, dare to face the new challenges in the field of social morality, attach importance to the analysis of moral values in modern society, and let the socialist core value system established in children's hearts be based on the real real society.

As an advanced social ideology, its unique abstraction and advancement often make these values have a certain distance from social real life, especially the children's world. We often see the phenomenon that the moral education level of communism in primary schools, socialism in middle schools and patriotism in universities is declining, which reflects the game between the mainstream value system education and the real society from another side. The present situation of two modes and two discourse systems, that is, the expression of correct values and the choice of actual behavior, can be found in the basic moral education of teenagers, or even the source.

The socialist core value system is a vivid ideological value that permeates our existing social life and affects all aspects of social life. It is the fundamental guiding ideology to guide minors to complete socialization and the inherent principle of modern successful education. The education of minors' core values cannot be divorced from their real life. Therefore, taking the changing society as the background of moral education, especially daring to put some new challenges in the field of real social morality into the construction of core value system, is a problem we must face today.

Under the background of social environment in which multiple ideologies coexist, minors face vivid reality every day. Active media constantly promote the transformation of minors' cognitive social model, and the influence of orthodox, mainstream and absolute dominant ideology and its education is weakening day by day, which poses new challenges to the development of teenagers' social values. In a sense, it has become an important task for teenagers' moral development to improve their ability to choose values instead of receiving comprehensive mainstream consciousness education. It is not commendable that entrepreneurs charter flights to send high-scoring students to Beijing. Is it better to donate to poor students? Rich kids were killed overseas. Should we punish criminals or give them and their families mental torture? When you are busy, is it appropriate to spend money to hire someone to do housework for minors? Such a problem is something we can never solve. We can only give full play to the function of minors' self-cognition, leave the problems to children themselves, and guide them to analyze their values constantly in various forms (discussion and debate).

For example, the education of socialist concept of honor and disgrace must be closely linked with the cultural life of teenagers. If the education of socialist concept of honor and disgrace and teen pop culture are "two skins" and are not related to each other, there can be no truly valuable education. Therefore, it is the common task of educators and teenagers to promote the construction of youth culture with the socialist concept of honor and disgrace as the core and strive to build contemporary teen pop fashion culture with the socialist concept of honor and disgrace as the core. This includes studying hard, actively facing and leading the fashion and popular culture of teenagers; Cultivate and build harmonious campus culture, healthy community culture and distinctive corporate culture.

For example, the education of socialist core values is inseparable from civic education. Because the socialist civic consciousness in contemporary China is centered on the concept of basic rights and obligations; Based on the dominant position; Based on the sense of responsibility, mission and collectivism. Civic awareness includes patriotism, responsibility, autonomy, equality, morality, thrift, rules, taxation, science and technology, environmental protection, national defense, etc. Facing the future, it conforms to the development direction of contemporary teenagers and is more easily accepted by teenagers. How to unify the education of socialist core values with the cultivation of modern citizens is related to the inheritance and innovation of traditional values by excavating modern elements in traditional culture and packaging traditions, and also to the criticism, absorption and sublation of modern human common values in the face of globalization.

For another example, when it comes to revolutionary traditional education and the Long March, the first thing that most people think of may be "climbing snow-capped mountains, crossing grasslands, eating grass roots and swallowing bark", which is a review and reappearance of a hard life. This understanding has a lot to do with the way that our traditional education has long emphasized external material contrast and neglected spiritual pursuit. Therefore, when the real material life presents rich, diverse and rich colors, people, especially teenagers, can't help but fade away and even drift away from the Long March and its spirit. In fact, for today's teenagers, the Long March is really a treasure house full of spiritual food. The strength of faith, team and struggle are great spiritual wealth of contemporary teenagers. The key is how to dig carefully in educational practice and interpret it with the thinking characteristics of modern teenagers.

Moral education is a process that helps the educated to improve their moral understanding, cultivate their moral feelings, exercise their moral will, establish their moral beliefs and finally form their moral behavior habits by imparting moral knowledge and explaining their moral theories. Moral education is an important part of the education of socialist core value system, but it is not the whole. However, when we educate the socialist core value system, we must pay full attention to its basic contents and levels.