College students' life guidance and life education is an important part of college students' education management, and student apartments and social practice are the main platforms for college students' life guidance and life education. Studying and exploring student apartments and social practice as the mechanism and carrier of life guidance and life education, highlighting students' dominant position and giving full play to their functions of self-education, self-management and self-service are conducive to students' all-round development.
[Keywords:] college students' life guidance life education
[Author Brief Introduction] Xiao Huijie (1969-), male, from Pingyang, Zhejiang Province, is a clerk, lecturer and master of Wenzhou Vocational College of Science, Ministry of Education. His research direction is ideological and political education and management of college students. (Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006) Chen Wenyuan (1972-), female, Pingyang, Zhejiang, lecturer, master, majoring in ideological and political education for college students. (Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035)
In recent years, with the deepening of China's higher education reform and development, the credit assessment system in colleges and universities has been widely implemented, mobile classrooms have been implemented, and student logistics services have shown a trend of scale and standardization. The role and status of student apartments or student communities are increasingly prominent. They are not only places for students' leisure life, but also gardens for students' growth, success and success, and windows for obtaining information, exchanging ideas and communicating feelings. The construction and management of student apartments has become an important part of college students' education management. College students' social practice is an extension of classroom teaching and an important carrier of talent training. College students' participation in social practice and increasing their social experience and work experience are conducive to training their self-cultivation, improving their ability to adapt to and serve the society, and undertaking the functions of life guidance and life education for college students.
First, the significance of life guidance and life education to college students
(A) the significance of college students' life guidance and life education
Life is all kinds of activities for survival and development. Life is a category with rich connotations, including people's material and spiritual values, morality and aesthetics, such as food, clothing, housing and transportation, labor and work, rest and entertainment, social interaction, treating people with things and so on. Life education is the original, independent and necessary education of life. College students' life guidance and life education are closely linked as a whole. Through the purposeful and conscious guidance of the school, it is internalized into students' conscious actions, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing knowledge, improving ability, exercising perseverance, learning to live, learning to survive and learning to cooperate, that is, achieving the purpose of life education. College students' life guidance and life education run through the whole process of school student management education.
(B) the importance of life guidance and life education for college students
Dewey, an American pragmatic educator, proposed it in the19th century? Is school social education or life? Our educational philosophy, school education and social life are closely related. In today's society, college students are the concern of every family? Favorite? Most of them only pay attention to knowledge learning during more than ten years of primary and secondary school study, lacking life exercise, life experience and life skills. As a transitional period from school to society, students should be fully prepared for the role change from students to social people. In addition to cultivating students' professional knowledge and skills, schools should also guide and educate students' non-professional abilities such as ideological and moral character, formative education and humanistic accomplishment, that is, guide and educate students in life, so as to lay a foundation for students to better adapt to, stand on and develop society in the future. At present, many educational administrative departments and scientific research institutions have clearly listed college students' life guidance and life education as key projects in the reform of college education system. It is expected to explore the mechanism and carrier of life guidance and life education with student apartments and social practice, highlight students' dominant position, give full play to students' functions of self-education, self-management and self-service, and promote their all-round development.
Second, the comprehensive experience of life guidance and life education for students at home and abroad.
(A) Introduction of life guidance and life education model for foreign students
In foreign countries, schools attach great importance to cultivating students' spiritual quality and service consciousness. The important function of student apartment management service personnel in many European and American countries is to help students' emotional and spiritual development and enhance their psychological endurance. On the one hand, this kind of emotional help requires students to express their emotions freely, control their emotions effectively and have an optimistic attitude towards life. On the other hand, the requirements for others are to be good at understanding and accepting others' emotions, to trust and respect each other, and to maintain a harmonious relationship with others. American students' community service education is very successful. They believe that universities need devotees, not just participants. What is needed is a sense of responsibility, not just * * *. Mature organization and management, perfect service plan, rich service content and sound evaluation system. Singapore, South Korea and other eastern countries also regard student community service activities as an important way of moral education. Students participate in various community activities inside and outside the school to broaden their social horizons, improve their ideological and moral level and exercise their practical work ability.
(2) Hong Kong? Holistic education? Students' life education under the concept
? Holistic education? You mean will? People-oriented and all-round development? The idea runs through the whole process of higher education, focusing on students' intrinsic potential, giving full guidance, encouragement, awakening and encouragement according to individual differences, so that each student's potential can be developed to the maximum extent, the creative spirit of human nature can be triggered, and students can become independent, conscious, optimized and harmonious individuals, and develop in an all-round way in seven aspects: morality, intelligence, physique, group, beauty, affairs and emotion. Take the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology as an example, which was proposed by the SAR Government? Holistic education? Objectives: The guidance and management of students' apartment life adhere to the concept of taking students as the center and serving students, provide a comfortable and safe living environment for students' development, meet students' accommodation and education needs sensitively and quickly, guide students to actively participate in dormitory activities, cultivate a wide range of interests, exercise their organizational and leadership skills, and gain growth experience through accommodation learning and developing interpersonal relationships.
Thirdly, the contents and ways of college students' life guidance and life education.
(1) Give play to the role of student apartments as the main channel to enhance the effectiveness of life guidance and life education for college students.
1. Strengthen the construction of student apartment facilities, and create an environment atmosphere for college students' life guidance and education. First, strengthen the construction of hardware facilities in student apartments and create a material environment for life guidance and life education. The hardware of student apartment includes the internal facilities and public facilities of dormitory, which refers to all the equipment, articles, buildings and environment closely related to students' life except the internal facilities of student dormitory, including entrance and exit access control system of apartment, floor laundry room, direct drinking machine, conference room of student apartment, activity center (cultural and sports activities), canteen, supermarket, bank outlet (ATM), green park and various student affairs institutions at school level. Schools should be student-oriented. The second is to strengthen the construction of humanistic environment in student apartments and create a good atmosphere for life guidance and life education. The humanistic environment is an invisible environment hidden in the social ontology, which exerts a subtle and lasting influence on individuals. It is necessary to create a warm and living humanistic environment in apartments, including setting up a service guide for student apartments and posting service telephones and service methods closely related to students' lives in various departments of the school; Set up floor bulletin boards to publicize and record current affairs policies, scientific and technological information, employment and entrepreneurship, etc. , and pay attention to timeliness; Post some paintings and calligraphy works, including Chinese and foreign celebrities, inspirational quotes, scenic spots and student works, and change them regularly. Study the humanistic environment construction of student apartments, so that students can deepen their life experience and receive good living environment education.
2. Give full play to the role of students' voluntary service in party member, and provide an example for life guidance and life education. Student party member's voluntary service not only embodies party member's advanced nature, but also trains party member's will quality, which is conducive to cultivating modern students' sense of service, dedication and social responsibility. The student activists and party member in the apartment do good deeds and do practical things for the students through their obligations, which makes the student apartment form a strong atmosphere of life education, leading other students to feel advanced and advocate advanced, and be influenced by life education consciously or unconsciously. Specifically, we should take the student apartment as a platform, give full play to the exemplary role of apartment student party member, party activists and enthusiastic public welfare students, actively participate in activities such as apartment greening and cleaning, ecological dormitory construction, poverty alleviation and cultural publicity, and seriously solve the specific problems that students encounter in daily life, cultural and sports activities, interpersonal communication, family poverty and psychological feelings.
3. Carry out activities to create apartment civilization and promote the normalization of life guidance and life education. The establishment of daily civilization in apartments is the basic content of student apartment management service, which mainly includes dormitory discipline, hygiene, safety and cultural construction. It is necessary to formulate detailed rules for the quantitative implementation of student apartment violations, standardize the rights and obligations of student apartments, promote the creation of standardized dormitories, and focus on implementing a series of measures, such as the responsibility system of rotating duty in dormitories, the system of three guarantees of hygiene at the entrance of dormitories, the regulations on dormitory safety construction, the regulations on the use of apartment networks, and the schedule of work and rest. Try to create a star-rated dormitory system, that is, carry out star-rated dormitory evaluation activities on the basis of standardized dormitories, and evaluate three-star, four-star and five-star dormitories from low to high, giving spiritual encouragement and certain material rewards respectively. Deepen students' understanding through activities? Apartment-community, dormitory-home? Cultivate students' sense of responsibility, spirit of cooperation, labor consciousness and dedication.
4. Reform the evaluation system of apartment students and strengthen the system guarantee of life guidance and life education. Try out the credit system for comprehensive evaluation of apartment students, and incorporate it into students' files, increase the right to speak and vote in the aspects of students' promotion to the Party, evaluation and graduation appraisal, and write apartment performance reports similar to students' report cards when necessary, so as to provide policy support and institutional guarantee for students' life guidance and life education for a long time.
(B) Leverage the stage function of social practice to expand the connotation of college students' life guidance and life education.
1. Social practice exercises students' ideological quality and casts a good personality. Social practice is an effective carrier for college students to grow into talents. When college students are engaged in social practice, they should deal with people of all levels and categories, deeply realize the complexity and sharpness of some practical problems, and encounter unexpected difficulties and hardships, so that they can abandon the femininity and weakness of women and cultivate a certain spirit of sacrifice and tenacity. A perfect social practice plan has the functions of encouragement and guidance, which provides students with strong spiritual and practical motivation and an effective platform for students to actively contact the society. Students keep close contact with society, take the initiative to care for, understand and serve others with an open attitude, and thus find their own value. Social practice activities will also encourage students to compare and analyze the gap between ideal and reality, reflect on their own personality characteristics, clearly see their own strengths and weaknesses, comprehensively think about the docking of social roles and personal socialization, and find the right direction, so as to better complete the role transformation and develop their own personality characteristics.
2. Social practice activities enhance students' social intelligence and future competitiveness. Simply put, social intelligence is the ability to understand oneself and the surrounding environment, including social cognitive ability and social behavior ability. Social intelligence is one of the core qualities of talents, including planning ability, decision-making ability, organization and coordination ability, interpersonal skills and so on. Social practice activities are often carried out in groups, and a group will formulate a common goal and task. In the process of talent growth, we must deal with the relationship between individuals and collectives, and the full development of individuals can only be realized in collectives. Therefore, individuals should have a sense of responsibility, learn to cooperate with others, learn from each other, learn from each other's strengths, integrate into the collective, and work together to achieve ultimate success. Through teamwork, we not only cultivate students' spirit of unity and cooperation, but also exercise their social activities and interpersonal skills, improve their innovation, communication and organization skills, increase their opportunities to adapt to the future society and improve their competitiveness in future employment. Social intelligence and social competitiveness are the high-end goals of college students' life guidance and life education.
To implement college students' life guidance and education, student apartments and social practice are two interdependent and mutually promoting platforms. What is a student apartment? Are you online? , including the implementation of life guidance and life education; What is social practice? Outside? Achieve higher life guidance and life education goals for students to change from school people to social people. It is necessary to integrate the functions of the two platforms, fully promote life guidance and life education for college students, and cultivate a new force for building Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
[References]
[1] Tao Xingzhi. What is life education [A]. Xiaofeng Hu. Tao Xingzhi's educational anthology. Chengdu: Sichuan Education Press, 2005.
[2] (America) Dewey. School and society? Schools of the future. Translated by Yang Hanlin. Beijing: People's Education Press, 1994.
[3] (American) Austrian. University life planning [M]. Zhang Chaoxia, translate it. Shanghai: Wen Hui Publishing House, 200 1.