? "A few whistles are far away from Shandian, and there are many willow-colored wine flags";
? "I have been in the rivers and lakes for ten years after three nights of snowy dreams";
? "Don't miss each other for no reason, and look back for the third time";
? "If the curtain is covered with incense for a long time, people still hope to swallow";
? "Yunfu Wan Li is sad, and the wind has changed its voice for thousands of years";
? "The heart is like a lotus seed, often bitter, like a spring silkworm without broken silk";
? "Things are unpredictable, the sky is like the sea, and the soul will turn the moon into smoke";
? "Grass lives with people, and distant mountains surprise me";
? "Nowhere to land, full of wind and rain";
? "This star seems to be different from last night, for whom the wind and dew stand in the middle of the night";
……
There are too many beautiful sentences to give. These poems are from Huang Zhongze, a great poet in Qing Dynasty.
1,
? In the early years, a colleague in the unit liked Huang Zhongze's poems. He blurted out several poems from time to time. Listening, he thought every sentence was wonderful, so he bought a copy of Selected Poems of Huang Zhongze and read it. The most eye-catching thing is that there are many wonderful sentences. He is reminiscing about the last wonderful sentence and the next one comes again. He felt that he couldn't see them. This feeling is only found in the poems of Du Fu and Li Shangyin.
? Huang Zhongze's name is Huang Jingren, his name is Han Yong and his name is Zhong Ze. He is a native of Wujin, Jiangsu Province, a great poet in the Qing Dynasty, and is called "the first person in Qianlong". In Qing dynasty, critics called his poems "poets' poems" to distinguish them from "literati's poems". Due to the limitation of intelligence, I don't see much difference between "poets' poems" and "literati's poems". Perhaps it was the theory of "style" and "quality" advocated by Shen Deqian and others that prevailed in the poetry circle at that time, and paid attention to learning as poetry. Huang Zhong claimed to be a descendant of Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty, but he didn't seem to be greatly influenced by his ancestors. His poems emphasize the spirit of nature and do whatever he wants. Maybe that's how "the poet's poems" came about?
? Few people say that any great poet in ancient times was down and out all his life. There will always be a few proud days in his life. But Huang Zhongze's life is really difficult. He will have a comfortable life in a few days.
? Huang Zhong's father died when he was 4 years old. Before he came of age, his grandfather, grandmother and brother died one after another. There is no money at home and no one to rely on. Everything depends on yourself.
? Since 17 years old, he has been making a living and supporting his family everywhere, covering Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui and Hunan. During this period, he should have passed the provincial examination, made a guest appearance, and his career was not smooth.
? The happiest day of Huang Zhongze's life was when he was a guest at the residence of Anhui scholar Zhu Yun. This Zhu Jun is in charge of education and naturally cherishes talents. He once boasted that "Huang and Hong (Hong) are both second sons, and talents such as Longquan and Taiya are all enemies."
? With the appreciation of senior officials, life is naturally better. Huang Zhong often follows Zhu Jun. He also wants to climb mountains and swim. But being attached to people is not Huang Zhongze's pursuit after all. Moreover, after only two years of this life, Zhu Jun was demoted by three levels because of his negligence. His love for talents made him go to Beijing to be edited by imperial academy, but Huang Zhongze lost his dependence.
? In the forty-first year of Qianlong, 27-year-old Huang Zhong visited Longdong, won the second class merit, and was awarded the bookmark officer of Wuying Hall. Being a sesame and mung bean official in Beijing, don't think about making a fortune, even life is quite difficult. Although he came to Beijing with his mother and family, he had to live in debt. How was your day? Three years later, he sent his mother and family back to their hometown, and he continued to wander and look for opportunities.
? Forty-six years after Qianlong, 32-year-old Huang Zhong went to Xi 'an to meet Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi. Bi Yuan marveled at his talent and helped him become a county magistrate. The next year, the good news came that he was ordered to wait for an official position in the official department. This kind of candidate may have a chance only if there is a vacancy, but it is hope after all. However, the date didn't come, which was forced by the creditors.
? Desperate Huang Zhong was forced to go to Xi to find a way out. After trekking in Taihang Mountain, I went through hardships and fell ill in Xiezhou (now Yuncheng) in Shanxi. He died at the age of 34 in the official position of Shen, a salt envoy from the east of Yuncheng.
? Life is hard and career is bumpy, so his poem "A Difficult Sentence":
"The post road becomes a tilting cover, and the frosty days are open. Xiaoxiao's ci is the first guest, and several times in a foreign land ";
"It's windy and rainy in spring, and it's warm and cold in winter";
"Tianya FeiXu where to go? If you don't go upstairs, you will be embarrassed. "
"When you go out, you should take off your blue book. First, say that wine stains are not tears";
"The sick horse is fascinated by people, and it seems that I only swallow the sound";
"A person is speechless in a tall building, and suddenly he hears that the lonely goose is homesick";
"Family style, September clothes are not cut";
? ……
? Looking at his poems, I can always feel a lonely figure in front of me.
2,
? Huang Zhong is a child prodigy. At the age of 9, I can write a poem "It rained all night in Jiangtou and it was colder upstairs". 65,438+06 years old, won the first place in the children's test among 3000 people, and looks promising.
? Most educated children have made up their minds in their teens, and Huang Zhong is no exception. /kloc-when he was 0/8 years old, he wrote "Youth Travel", and his desire to make contributions was unstoppable:
Men are going to war,
Self-love on the stage does not look forward to hometown.
It's too white, five feet tall,
Bao Daoming took a photo together in the month.
? This poem is full of high spirits, passion and longing for the future. After all, he is only 18 years old, full of blood, and has no deeper understanding of the hardships of his official career and human suffering.
? Only one year later, Huang Zhongze took part in the provincial examination for the first time, but he failed in Sun Shan, leaving a poem, namely "Miscellaneous Feelings":
Immortal Buddha is not realized in two,
All I know is that night is unfair.
The wind shed is full of sad songs,
Mud floc got a bad reputation.
Nine out of ten people are contemptible,
Nothing is a scholar.
Don't worry about poetry,
Spring birds and autumn insects make their own sounds.
? This exam is the first step towards his official career and fame, that is, he was beaten and wrote a lonely and angry poem. He has been poor all his life, but he is proud of himself and looks down on many people, that is, "nine out of ten people look down on him." There is loneliness, anger and ridicule in this poem. Maybe he thought he would get better after the first setback, but he didn't think it was just the beginning of a series of setbacks. Therefore, in the reader's view, this poem actually laid the tone of his life's poetry.
? That's true. Next, he took part in the provincial examinations for many times, and was the last one. He was not admitted to Juren, let alone Jinshi. He was just a scholar all his life.
? The road to scientific research in Huang Zhongze is extremely difficult. Supposedly, with his talent, it is wrong to meet the so-called "prosperous times". Look at his "and Qiu Liting" (one out of five), and you will understand:
I'm not good at poetry,
Hollowed out by depression.
Finger lonely cloud says to you:
The autumn wind has been relaxing for a long time.
? This group of poems is a chorus of Huang Zhongze and the famous Hangzhou poet Qiu Liting. In the poem, he thanked the celebrities for their understanding and sympathy for the poor life caused by their delay in fame because of writing poems, but in the face of the road of life, he smiled and showed his attitude: "The lonely finger cloud tells you that it has been an autumn wind for a long time!" -pointing to the clouds in the sky, I said to Qiu Liting, I am like this cloud, gathering and dispersing, an autumn wind. The Lonely Cloud is adrift and noble. The vast land seems to have no place to stand, but I am free to gallop in the Wan Li sky, regardless of the sudden autumn wind. The aloof personality and broad-minded mind are vividly on the paper.
? During the Qianlong period, the study of textual criticism was popular, and scholars had to quote classics when writing articles, but Huang Zhong didn't agree, only attacking poetry. How can this succeed?
3,
? In Huang Zhongze's poems, there are many ways of expression, such as deserted shops in the journey, homesickness when wandering, guilt for old mother when leaving, encounter with old friends on the lonely road, frustration in loneliness, ridicule and helplessness in distress.
? One spring night, the bell came, mingled with the spring rain, and suddenly it was far away and near, which evoked the poet's homesickness, so he wrote "Smelling the Bell on a Spring Night":
There is no monk temple near Guo.
Where does the bell ring?
Beyond the dream of a short hometown,
In the intermittent rain.
The grass is far beyond the distance,
The small building is more empty.
Can't bear to listen to silence,
There is still half a day before it returns to Hong Kong.
? This poem was written when the poet was 2 1 year old, but he was full of melancholy, not youthful high spirits.
? There is sorrow in the spring night and more sorrow in the autumn night, such as Travel Night:
The sky is high and wild, and it is lonely and bright.
The fallen trees and rustling dreams are shocking.
The sick horses got lost together,
Chilling, I only swallow.
This desolate city is quieter at night,
The light in the pavilion flickered on and off.
A seasonal change lying on the Cangjiang River,
For whom is the deep cup of cypress leaves poured?
? The poet compares himself to a "sick horse" and a "chilling cicada", lamenting that the future is bleak, and anger and desolation are all in the poem. Originally a swift horse, now it is a sick horse. Although it is a sick horse, there is still a thousand miles of ambition, but time flies and talents are not met. This is the reality. Cicada is noble, just like its own character, and refuses to go with the flow. However, in the eyes of the ancients, cicada is "its flying heavy through the fog, its quiet voice drowned in the wind" (Wang Binshi), and its short life goes with the autumn wind, which is also a tragic role.
? He should be happy to meet an old friend in another country, but his heart is still sour, such as "meeting the reputation of Wang Dabang":
Not every shake,
Who knows that Song Yuxi is sad.
Fang Guan sighed,
Out of the canyon, in a boat.
The postal route was covered,
Frost is different from the sky.
Mix's ci is "Guest Room",
Several times in autumn in a foreign land.
? When I met my old friend Wang Bangyu in a foreign country, it was also the autumn when the vegetation withered. I feel sad when I think of my own frustrations.
Farewell to My Mother is a famous work by Huang Zhongze. In just 28 words, I expressed my complicated mood of leaving my mother for a long trip:
Han Wei went to worship the mother river beam,
Worry, watch.
On the tragic snowstorm night in Chai Men,
It is better to have children than nothing at this time.
? At that time, Huang Zhong was going to find Zhu Jun, an Anhui scholar, and it was very important for him to get a job and support his family. Just after the Spring Festival, before the fifteenth day of the first month, he was away from home at this time. He also felt inappropriate, so he wrote a poem. The poem first wrote the mother's mourning for her son who had been working hard outside, and then wrote the deep guilt for the lonely mother who lived alone at home. There are not many similar poems.
? Being away for many years is the most afraid of getting sick. On one occasion, Huang Zhongze took a boat from Hangzhou to Hunan via Jiangxi and fell ill on the way. He wrote two poems, "I was quite sick and sad on the way." Let's look at one of them:
Swinging for a hundred feet,
Short, lonely, sick, insomnia.
I've been home for 3 thousand miles,
It has been twenty years since I fell to the ground.
Things are unpredictable, and things change.
The soul should turn the moon into smoke.
Who is the water mixer,
Without money.
? I'm sick in bed, and I don't even have water to cook medicine and soup alone. It's so sad. Besides, I have no money (who is the milk and water mixer and has no money), which is hard for others to understand.
? Running around is always sad. Are you happy at home? Not necessarily. One year on the Double Ninth Festival, Huang Zhongze was in Wujin's home, and he missed his relatives every holiday. He wrote Double Ninth Night:
Sad autumn is easy to go to Chongyang,
This festival encourages self-harm.
Wine and flowers become lonely,
No wind is a desolation without rain.
Yiyi Fruit Man is like a wild goose.
Love cold clothes like frost.
The bad news and the bad news are both true,
Eden has a strange smell.
? In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), Huang Zhongze was admitted to Jiangnan, but failed. He wrote "Farewell to Qian Yun on the 10th Day after the Ninth Festival" (four songs), and chose one of them as follows:
I've been drinking crazy songs for half my life,
Poetry and fencing achieved nothing.
Dust has always been an easy word,
The spirit is still comparable to that of a wine soldier.
First frost streets, ju flying,
Leng Yue tail drunk Zheng.
Who can get our business,
Don't envy the world famous.
? Huang Zhongze and Qian Qilu are fellow villagers. They took the exam together and also failed together. He sent a poem to bid farewell to Qian Qilu to express his feelings of career failure.
? Huang Zhongze's group poem "Unique Qiu Si" (four poems) is very famous and was written in the forty-three years of Qianlong. Three years ago, he entered Beijing to take an exam and found a small job. Later, his family moved and rented a house. But I can't walk in my career, and life is very difficult. I felt that my life in Beijing for the past four years was useless, so I wrote Doumen Qiu Si. Choose the third one and see his mentality:
The sound of cars in five plays is like thunder.
North Mang only looks at the Thousand Tombs.
Sunset suggests that guests go upstairs.
In autumn, mountains will surround the whole country.
It's cold and there is no bamboo to rely on.
Worry about buying poplars.
The whole family is in the wind,
The clothes in September are not cut.
When the city is prosperous, the giants will eventually become bones. The setting sun is still there, the earth declines in autumn, and life is melancholy. Pruning bamboo and poplars is even more cold and bleak. The autumn wind is getting tighter, the cold clothes are not prepared, and the poet's helplessness is just around the corner.
4,
? Huang Zhong's love poems are many and sentimental, but melancholy, loss and sentimentality are the keynote.
? /kloc-at the age of 0/7, he left home to study, lived in his aunt's house, and married his aunt's daughter, two of a kind, for the rest of his life. Later, he came all the way to take the imperial examination, but his aunt was forced to make a living and promised the girl to marry someone else. Most of his love poems are caused by this.
? He wrote four songs, Feeling Old. Look at the second one:
Wake up at night in front of the window,
The cuckoo hurried away and made another sound.
Dan Qing made an ancient oath,
Du· Mu Qing in "Meditation on the Bed".
Don't miss each other,
Come back and look back at Sansheng.
Yuntai is still there,
Fine air smells a hundred times.
? Fourth.
Since then, sound and dust have quietly arrived.
Spring mountains are like flowers and grass.
Tears add to Wuyuan night rain,
Hate to let the postal kiosk sleep all night.
Do you have anything else to say?
Talk about the history of Jinse.
He sometimes takes the stool off slightly,
I feel sorry for myself.
? Sixteen Poems of Seven Huais was written by Huang Zhongze in imitation of Untitled by Li Shangyin. He heard that his first love girl got married and had children. In his sadness, he wrote "Wild Sophora", which was sung for some time. It is hard to let go of the sadness of Lu You's poem "Although there are Mengshan, Jin Shu is hard to believe". Choose two songs to watch:
? Seventh.
Send a cloud to say goodbye to jade,
Mud worries like a dream.
Immortals look forward to the northern candle,
Tai sui, the east has disappeared. ?
Behave yourself. Acacia is an inch gray.
Throw away the secret contract. ?
Why not say Pengshan is far away?
Never meet in a corner of Hirayama.
Fifteenth
Sit under the flowers and blow a few times,
Han Yin Red Wall looks into the distance.
Just like this star wasn't last night,
Who is the midnight wind and frost for? ?
Think about it, pull yourself out,
Turn around and peel bananas.
In March and May of 1935,
The poor glass of wine has not disappeared.
Autumn Evening is also a love poem, and the pregnant person may still be that woman. I envy the Weaver Cowherd crossing the bridge once a year. For whom have I stood in the cold wind and dew for a long time? Bitterness makes people cry:
Guitang was silent and late,
An autumn acquaintance.
Every other year,
Who has the wind stood for for a long time?
The heart is like a lotus seed,
Sorrow is like a spring silkworm without broken silk.
Sentenced to exile orchids and fall together,
There is no acacia in this life.
? Li Shangyin likes to use allusions, and some poems are obscure, while Huang Zhongze's love poems are simple and clear, and the beautiful sentences are more sincere and pure, but the sufferings are the same.
5,
? Huang Zhong is good at poetry, and he has many top grades in lyrics, metrical poems and quatrains, which is not easy.
? Huang Zhongze's poems are regarded as "sad and bitter". In fact, many of his ancient poems are "Chang Jingxia", which is quite right. That year, Anhui scholar Zhu Yun took many guests and friends to Taibai Building in Quarrying to make friends with poetry. Huang Zhong, the youngest in the audience, improvised a seven-character poem "Mr. Qihe's Banquet with Taibai Songs and Drunk Songs", which surprised everyone. This is an entertaining poem, but elegant and eloquent. This 300-word long poem is full of inspiration and is praised as "the resurrection of the gods" by everyone. Once, Luoyang paper was expensive. Before and after "Tide Watching Tour", two seven-character ancient poems were magnificent, impassioned and hearty, and Yuan Mei named them "Qiantang, the Seven Ancient Crowns of Tide Watching".
? Among many schools, Huang Zhong is especially good at the seven laws. There are 1 180 poems in his Collection of Two Dangxuan, of which 348 are seven-rhythm poems. In his poem, he said that "it is a blessing to be a man who has never met mediocrity, but he can be crazy or sad for half his life", which not only summarizes his life, but also is his poetic style of seven laws: depression, sadness, desolation, but still full of energy.
? Huang Zhongze wrote more than 2,000 poems in his life, but there are only 1 180 poems in the Collection of Two Dangxuan, and there are only 200 poems in my hand, which makes me feel like reading. Even so, most of the selected works are his masterpieces, and we can only barely understand his poems.
? Huang Zhong was born for poetry. /kloc-When he was 0/8 years old, he became friends with Hong. At that time, Hong had Yuefu poems of Han and Wei Dynasties, but he had never seen them and was fascinated by them. They imitated ancient poems together and had a good time. In just one month, it surpassed Hong who had studied poetry for several years. Hong has to admit that writing poetry should have a unique talent, which has nothing to do with the size of learning.
? Some people say that Huang Zhong is a genius of poetry and was born for poetry, but unfortunately he was born in the wrong era. I think he spent his life with his poor and short life.