Confucius was a great educator in ancient China and a noble master. He spent most of his life in the education of preaching, teaching and solving doubts, trained a large number of students who read widely, accumulated rich teaching experience, created effective teaching methods, summarized and advocated a set of correct learning principles, and put forward and formed a series of relatively complete and far-reaching educational ideas, such as teaching all students in accordance with their aptitude, inspiring and inducing, and combining learning with thinking. These theories were not only put into practice at that time.
First, there is no education for all.
Confucius first advocated "education without class". He advocated that everyone can receive education regardless of rich or poor, high or low, region, nationality and other conditions. He was the first person who advocated education equality in the history of education in China. The implementation of the idea of "no child left behind" has broken the government's bondage to learning, expanded the social foundation of education and the source of talents, moved the culture down and accelerated the flow of knowledge, which undoubtedly played a positive role in improving the quality of all members of society. "Education without class", that is, education equity, is a key link to conform to the historical development trend, promote the prosperity and stability of the Chinese nation and promote the construction of a harmonious society. In our country, while meeting the needs of some objects to receive good education, we should also make necessary educational compensation for the disadvantaged "vulnerable groups" in time.
We should take basic education as the top priority, especially the nine-year compulsory education in rural areas. At the same time, we should strive to promote the coordinated development of basic education and vocational education, adult education and higher education, and adhere to the balanced allocation of educational resources between regions and schools. We will increase educational support for poor areas and ethnic minority areas, further expand educational equity, and comprehensively improve the quality of the people.
Second, the heuristic teaching thought
Confucius is an educator who initiated heuristic teaching in the history of ancient education in China. He said, "No anger, no anger, no anger. If you don't take a corner, if you use three corners instead, you will no longer. " From the Analects of Confucius, we can see that he is very kind to students and always answers their questions seriously. In order to make students understand thoroughly, he always inspires and induces students with simple truth, which benefits them a lot. Confucius once said that a gentleman is not suitable for the world, and there is no comparison between benevolence and righteousness. "This is telling students to act according to morality, that is, don't deliberately force them, don't object unreasonably, don't care about distance, and treat them equally. Confucius' heuristic education method is very enlightening to our present education. For a long time, it is not uncommon for many of our teachers to talk about the last situation in class. Students have no room for thinking and no time to learn and digest by themselves. In the classroom, the "subject" becomes the "body" and the students become the containers for passively accepting knowledge; This really violates the teaching rules. We should learn and understand Confucius' heuristic education thought, attach importance to students' active learning, inspire and induce like Confucius, and fully embody and respect students' subjectivity.
Third, the educational method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
Confucius is a unique educational method of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", which is unmatched by educators at all times and all over the world. The key to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is to have a profound and comprehensive understanding of students, accurately grasp the characteristics of students in all aspects, and then carry out targeted education. Confucius paid great attention to observing and studying students in his usual educational activities. His methods include "listening to what he says and observing what he does", that is, understanding comprehensively by observing and talking with students. In teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, Confucius learned about each student's personal situation and family situation. Then, according to each student's acceptance ability, we should educate them according to the situation. In today's market economy era, many teachers often take a second job after class, which distracts their teaching energy and prevents them from getting to know students better. At the same time, with the continuous merger and expansion of colleges and universities, the construction of new campuses in many schools has isolated students and teachers from each other. Many teachers have to leave school immediately in order to catch the bus after class, which reduces the opportunities for communication between teachers and students.
Fourth, explain the relationship between learning and thinking.
The close combination of learning and thinking is an important starting point of Confucius' educational principles. Confucius said, "learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous." Learning and thinking are two aspects of learning activities, and learning without thinking is bound to get nothing; On the contrary, if you think too much and don't study, you will inevitably get into trouble. Confucius emphasized the unity of learning and thinking, and the combination of perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge. The learning method of combining learning with thinking is the most emphasized and valued by Confucius. He is good at infiltrating and guiding students' learning methods and cultivating their good study habits.
Confucius pioneered ancient education in China and provided many valuable experiences for modern education in China, from which we should get inspiration, enlightenment and reasonable absorption. For the immature and conservative parts, we should improve them to adapt to social development, better serve the modernization of education and promote the reform and new leap of education in China.