First, integrate the corresponding teaching contents according to the training objectives.
1. Pay attention to the practicality of music teaching in preschool education.
Over the years, music teaching has fallen into a misunderstanding, that is, music teaching is regarded as pure music learning. As far as preschool education is concerned, music major courses are mainly piano and vocal music. However, in actual teaching, most professional teachers have the phenomenon of "emphasizing skills over art", unilaterally pursuing test scores, emphasizing the high level of professional level and ignoring future practicality. We should know that preschool education majors train preschool teachers, not singers, so we must pay attention to the combination of teaching content and future practical functions, and carry out targeted and targeted practical teaching.
The choice of teaching content should be targeted, reflecting the knowledge structure and ability structure of kindergarten rhythm and song performance.
2. Vocal music teaching should emphasize the sense of music and ignore the singing method.
Students majoring in preschool education will be educated by preschool children in the future. At this time, children's vocal range is limited, and most of them sing children's songs. Therefore, in vocal music teaching, we should advocate fast, concise and practical methods, emphasize the cultivation of intonation, rhythm and musical sense, and don't overemphasize the position of the voice, how wide the range is and how high it can be sung. You don't have to use bel canto or folk voice for professional training like musicians. We should learn more about children's songs and folk songs from different regions, nationalities and styles in China, and also dabble in excellent children's songs and folk songs from other countries. Pay attention to the cultivation of singing ability when playing. These aspects of learning will play an important role in the future work.
3. Pay attention to music appreciation teaching.
Appreciating music can not only make children physically and mentally healthy, love life and feel the beauty of music, but also stimulate their imagination and creativity. Finally, it enables children to infiltrate all the beneficial experiences gained in music experience into their "every cell of life" and integrate their love for music into their intelligence and emotions. Therefore, preschool majors should attach importance to music appreciation teaching. This kind of music appreciation class should be based on the principle of being short, elegant, vivid and vivid, and choose famous Chinese and foreign songs suitable for children's characteristics, such as Mendelssohn's Song of a Family, He Lvting's The Shepherd's Piccolo, Ding Shande's Children's Suite and Schumann's Children's Scene. They are not only close to children's lives, but also vivid in image and beautiful, natural and fresh in melody.
Second, the basic ways and methods to cultivate the ability of music teaching
An effective way to cultivate students' music teaching ability can be to determine several necessary abilities as the future music teaching ability in the teaching process of music compulsory courses, and cultivate them according to students' study hours and basic quality, with emphasis on the feasibility of music practice. Starting from the reality of kindergarten teaching, students majoring in preschool education in vocational schools must master the basic ability of music classroom learning, that is, basic teaching ability and music practice ability. The most basic way to cultivate these basic abilities is to combine teaching activities with natural infiltration.
1. Basic teaching ability training.
Cultivation of (1) language expression ability
Students are required to understand and master the connotation of music, and at the same time cultivate the ability of oral expression in teaching, mainly through classroom improvement and extracurricular social practice to promote learning and thinking, repeated practice and maturity. The content of questioning in the classroom is mainly the basic theoretical knowledge of music, so as to strengthen students' ability to explain music. This requires students to use various opportunities to exercise their oral expression ability.
(2) Pay attention to the scientific nature of teaching.
Having a certain professional and technical ability does not mean that you can be fully qualified for the work of kindergarten teachers. As a teacher, it is not enough to learn without teaching. He must master some related knowledge, that is, pedagogy, children's psychology, music psychology, music teaching method and so on. In the future, music educators must master all advanced teaching methods and make these excellent methods widely used in teaching. In recent years, music education has received extensive attention in China, and the key to the success of music education lies in preschool enlightenment education, so it is particularly important for preschool students to master scientific music teaching and enlightenment methods. The research of music teaching method will effectively enrich and improve the music enlightenment ability of preschool education students.
(3) Pay attention to the diversification of music teaching in preschool education.
With the rapid development of science and technology in today's world, children's horizons are getting wider and wider. With the gradual popularization of television and computers, children are no longer isolated. They have mastered a lot of knowledge and information for a long time, and their thirst for knowledge is getting stronger and wider, which requires future preschool teachers to have rich knowledge and more comprehensive ability, so the teaching in preschool professional music teaching should be diversified.
In foreign countries, the research on music pedagogy is relatively complete at present, and a scientific system has gradually formed. The main music teaching methods are Dahl Kloz's body rhythm teaching method, Kodaly teaching method, Orff teaching method, suzuki method teaching method and comprehensive musical sense teaching method. It is very necessary for pre-school students to understand these teaching methods and learn their essence, learn different styles of music teaching methods, such as Dahl Kloz's use of the body rhythm of the orchestra, Kodaly's development of national music, namely "folk songs-education-nation" and Orff's "momentum" training, as well as imitation and intensive training in Suzuki teaching, and look for them. That is to say, the first is to use dynamic teaching forms to make children's hearing, vision, heart, brain and physical fitness coordinated, so that children can experience and explore the time, space and movement of rhythmic activities with interest, initiative and creativity; The second is to experience harmony through singing, and to experience harmony through polyphony, that is, intervals and chords in chorus; Third, these teaching methods all embody the characteristics of entertaining.
2. Pay attention to music practice.
Music course is a practical subject, which integrates artistry, practicality and creativity. Students should use the music knowledge they have learned in the process of playing, shaping and appreciating, exercise their artistic ability and cultivate their artistic quality. It can be seen that creating practical opportunities for students can not only test the knowledge they have learned in the course, but also comprehensively use all aspects of knowledge to improve students' comprehensive quality. Students should be regularly organized to carry out practical activities, such as holding small piano recitals, vocal competitions, karaoke competitions, comprehensive cultural performances (singing and dancing, singing and composing children's music), self-composed choruses, ensembles, music teaching activities and after-school dance composition, etc., and regularly check and guide in class. These practical activities can strengthen the communication between students, satisfy students' desire for expression, eliminate shyness, improve students' creative consciousness and ability, and lay the foundation for cultivating advanced applied talents.
Third, improve examination methods and attach importance to artistic practice.
Music examination is an effective way to test students' music teaching ability. The exam can take the form of live performance in class, taking notes and taking an oral exam at the same time. The written test can examine students' mastery of basic music theory, while the oral test can comprehensively examine students' memory ability, adaptability and expression ability. Music grading adopts the method of combining the usual scores with the final exam scores, with the usual scores accounting for 20% and the semester professional exam scores accounting for 80%. There are three contents in the term professional examination: the written and oral examination of basic music theory, with a score of 35%; Music skill score accounts for 45%; Music practice accounts for 20%. The combination of the above-mentioned examination forms and the examination score structure is conducive to testing students' comprehensive music teaching ability and promoting students to achieve the expected training goals.
While improving the examination method, we should do a good job in the practice of music art, such as giving students appropriate opportunities for music teaching practice, allowing students to practice music teaching independently, and teachers should give targeted guidance. Through rehearsal exercises, students can test their understanding and application of the music theory and technology they have learned.
To sum up, the practical selection of teaching materials is the basic premise to achieve the expected goal of cultivating students' music teaching ability; The basic skills of music teaching are the bridge to achieve results; The improvement of examination methods and the organic combination of teaching and artistic practice are indispensable supporting measures for the formation of music teaching ability. As long as we insist on doing it step by step, we will certainly get good results.