A: Essentialism is a school of modern western educational thoughts, also known as traditionalism education and conservatism education, as opposed to progressivism education. It appeared in the United States in the 1930s, became the mainstream in the 1950s, and lost its dominant position in the United States in the late 1960s. The essentialists have different philosophical views, but they are consistent in their educational views. They all emphasize the importance of "ethnic experience" or "cultural inheritance", and think that the experience of most people who have been tested by history is more meaningful than their personal experience, and more meaningful than the experience of children who have not been tested at all. They also believe that there are "the best things in culture" and "the basic core of knowledge" in human heritage, that is, the so-called common and unchanging cultural elements, including all kinds of basic knowledge and all kinds of