Mental health education thesis

On overcoming the jealousy of primary school students

Lv Guiping

Xiao Li: Analyze the harm of jealousy and point out the ways of progress.

In view of the low level of rational thinking of primary school students, teachers should pay attention to using examples to analyze the harm of jealousy to students in educational practice. On the one hand, it lists the negative examples of falling into the abyss of jealousy, slandering, slandering, and even hurting others, which lead to self-destruction: for example, Pang Juan ruined Sun Bin because of jealousy, and Zhou Yu was jealous of Zhuge Liang but took it out on himself, which made students take warning; On the other hand, list the stories of celebrities who can control their jealousy and make great achievements, such as Lian Po in Making Peace with the Prime Minister, to set an example for students, guide them to treat the progress of others correctly, treat honor correctly, correctly estimate their own advantages and disadvantages, and learn from each other's strengths. In addition, students can be organized to extract famous sayings such as "jealousy is harmful". "Jealousy is a bad emotion stronger than hatred" and so on. Combined with students' reality, we organize them to digest these proverbs in various forms to purify their spiritual consciousness, so that they can generally meet Si Qi, study hard and get along well with others.

Care: create an atmosphere of care and resolve jealousy.

Primary school students in lower grades have basically the same starting point, and the gap formed in learning and various competitions is relatively not wide. The main objects of their jealousy are teachers' preference for some students and teachers' excessive appreciation of students with excellent grades. Therefore, in the process of education, teachers should be fair and just, and teachers should be kind and loving, and they should not be partial to one another. Moreover, teachers should pay more attention to and care for those students who are temporarily backward and need improvement, and take concrete measures to help guide the underachievers to sum up their experiences and lessons, improve their learning methods, completely change their backwardness, catch up and fundamentally eliminate their jealousy.

Motivation: Fully affirm achievements, firm enterprising confidence.

In the process of helping the backward to make progress, teachers should fully affirm every achievement they have made, especially those students who are seriously backward. They should use a magnifying glass to find their "bright spots" and subtle progress submerged in problems and shortcomings, and give affirmation, encouragement and praise in time. In this way, they can rekindle the fire of self-esteem and gain the courage and confidence to overcome their shortcomings and forge ahead. Abraham maslow, a famous American psychologist in modern times, believes that finding and fully affirming a person's achievements in time can make him have the "best emotional experience", that is, "he will feel strong joy, relief and happiness … he will also have love for others and the whole world, and even have the desire to do something in return at once". For young pupils, teachers' praise, affirmation, rewards and other external means often have a greater role.

Counseling: competition, cooperation and complementarity, and optimization of interpersonal relationships.

"Competition" refers to the process that individuals or groups strive to surpass their opponents according to superior standards in order to give full play to their potential. "Cooperation" refers to the process in which student groups help each other to complete a certain task for a common purpose. In the process of education, the two are unity of opposites and complement each other. Because of the cognitive deviation, we used to emphasize a little more competition on primary school students, but ignored the importance of cooperation. In fact, this is an important factor that causes students to have bad psychology such as jealousy. Therefore, in order to optimize interpersonal care among students, we must emphasize and strengthen complementary "cooperation" while organizing moderate competition among students. Cooperation helps students develop good personality, enhance group cohesion and form a harmonious educational atmosphere.

Mental health education thesis

Shorten the psychological distance with underachievers

Wan Yan

In the process of transforming underachievers, teachers should naturally associate with underachievers frequently. However, in the process of communication, underachievers are prone to some resistance and always have certain psychological obstacles, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the transformation of underachievers. Usually, underachievers give us the impression that they are numb, uninterested in learning and indifferent to their grades. Behind this surface, we can find that the hearts of underachievers are very sensitive and contradictory. From a macro point of view, the psychological characteristics of underachievers are usually as follows: the contradiction between strong self-esteem and lack of respect; The contradiction between inferiority and resisting inferiority; The contradiction between hope and habitual inertia; The contradiction between eager for success and often frustrated, and so on. From the microscopic point of view, because everyone's temperament characteristics are different, their psychological state is not the same. The complex psychological characteristics of underachievers also determine that they have a strong psychological defense mechanism. In order to let the underachievers open their hearts, so as to better understand them and effectively transform them.

First, the application of expectation theory.

The key to transforming underachievers is to be full of confidence and expectation for them. Only in this way, when communicating with underachievers, will we reduce the chance of unintentionally hurting their self-esteem and bring the hearts of teachers and students closer and closer. Teachers' expectations are also a major factor in students' progress. Teachers' good expectations will make students full of confidence and hope for the future, so as to redouble their efforts and make greater progress.

Psychologists Rosenthal and Jacobson of Harvard University in the United States made a so-called learning potential test for primary school students. Then, each class randomly selects a few students and deliberately tells the teacher that they are the most promising students in the class. Let the teacher observe for a long time, but don't tell me. Eight months later, it was found that these students' academic performance and intelligence really improved faster than other students, and they were lively and cheerful emotionally, eager for knowledge and had deep feelings for their teachers. It turns out that the list provided by this psychological experiment is purely random. He hinted at the teacher through his "authoritative lie", which strengthened the teacher's confidence in the students on the list and mobilized their unique affection. Teachers moisten the hearts of these students through their eyes, smiles and voices, making them more self-respecting, confident, self-loving and self-reliant. This is the psychological "Rosenthal effect". From this, we can find the role of teachers' expectations. Therefore, teachers should not give up the underachievers, make full use of the Rosenthal effect, change the concept of "rotten wood cannot be carved", firmly believe that "people can be changed", firmly establish the firm belief that underachievers are also talents, and be full of expectations for them. Only in this way can the underachievers truly feel the teachers' trust, hobbies, respect and expectations in the process of contact with their teachers, and naturally they will have a positive tendency and a happy mood, eliminate their hostility towards their teachers, and be willing to tell the truth to their teachers and accept their help and education. Only in this way can the underachievers have a sense of self-esteem, self-confidence and enthusiasm for learning. After the teacher received good feedback from the underachievers, his "enthusiastic expectation" was strengthened again, giving these students more care and guidance intentionally or unintentionally, forming a virtuous circle. In such a good psychological atmosphere, the effect of "sincere arrival, stone for opening" can be produced, which is an important link in the transformation of underachievers.

Second, use body language to communicate.

The types of interpersonal communication are very complicated. In addition to language communication, there is one more important thing: body language communication. Body language communication refers to nonverbal body signals, including eyes and facial expressions, body movements and touches, body posture and appearance, and the spatial distance between bodies. Through strict observation, psychologists found that in interpersonal communication, more than 55% of information exchange is achieved through silent body language. Body language plays an irreplaceable role in interpersonal communication. Because the information conveyed by body language is the true expression of inner feelings and cannot be concealed. We know that on the surface, underachievers may seem indifferent to many things, but in fact, they are very fragile, suspicious and sensitive. Sometimes a subtle action by the teacher may enhance the self-confidence of underachievers, shorten their psychological distance, or hurt their self-esteem and produce some negative emotions. Therefore, when communicating with underachievers, we must not ignore our expressions and actions, because this is also one of the effective ways to make underachievers feel the care and love of teachers.

Third, take advantage of the shortening of spatial distance

Spatial position structure is related to interpersonal psychological distance. The traditional way of education is: in class, the teacher stands on the stage, condescending, and the distance between teachers and students widens, forming an invisible psychological defense line; In the office, teachers are sitting and students are standing, and the inequality between teachers and students is obviously widening. In the process of interacting with underachievers, you can talk to them while walking, or ask them to sit down and analyze and solve problems together. Let them feel the respect and trust of their teachers, and improve their self-confidence and pride. In the arrangement of classroom seats, you can try to sit at the front. Instead of always putting students with good academic performance in front. If possible, desks can be arranged in a circle or a semicircle. Students can freely choose their seats and sit around with their teachers, so that underachievers can feel that teachers are treated equally. With the weakening of the identity of educators and the shortening of the spatial distance between teachers and students, the psychological distance naturally shortens.

Fourth, use encouragement.

The failure from studies makes underachievers look down on themselves, think that others look down on themselves, always feel inferior in front of classmates, teachers and parents, and show inferiority everywhere. The most effective way to eliminate inferiority is to encourage them to enhance their self-confidence. When talking with students about how to improve their interest in classroom learning, a female student said shyly, "I don't know why, but I think I particularly like which teacher praised me." I don't know if everyone is like me. " The classroom was boiling at once, and the students all said with deep feelings: Yes! That's it. Me too. It seems that praise and encouragement can really shorten the psychological distance between teachers and students and improve students' interest in learning. For underachievers, encouragement is particularly important. Chatting with a student with particularly poor academic performance, when I asked him how his study was recently, he changed his previous silence and proudly said, "The Chinese teacher said that I have made progress than before." Later, I learned that the Chinese teacher encouraged him in time because of his progress in dictation. This little encouragement is a great encouragement to this student. Teachers' encouragement has a great influence on underachievers, on the one hand, because teachers are sacred in their hearts, on the other hand, because underachievers rarely get affirmation from others, let alone praise and encouragement. Therefore, for underachievers, every encouragement and smile from the teacher is a kind of comfort and encouragement to their hearts. While encouraging underachievers, teachers not only shorten their psychological distance, but also enhance their self-confidence and interest in learning.

V. Utilization of classroom environment

The environment that affects students' growth can be divided into two categories: material environment and psychological environment. For teachers, classes are the most available and useful. From the material environment, every corner of the class should give people a good feeling, so that students can get education and spiritual purification. The most important thing in a class's psychological environment is a good class spirit, which can inspire people to be positive, United and harmonious. It is not difficult to imagine that in such classes, underachievers can also feel the fun of living in class groups, and the relationship with teachers is naturally very harmonious. A male junior high school student said to me, "Teacher, I feel very bored. Going to school, going to school, eating and sleeping every day is always mechanically repeated. " It is conceivable that if you can't find a happy student in school or class, no matter how hard he works, his grades will not be greatly improved. Therefore, creating a good class environment is also very important to improve the learning interest of underachievers. Not only that, a good class environment is conducive to cultivating harmonious interpersonal relationship between teachers and students, allowing underachievers to develop gradually in a good collective atmosphere, and the transformation of underachievers will be handy.

The transformation of underachievers is not an easy task, and it is impossible to "do it overnight" or "once and for all". It is normal for underachievers to keep repeating themselves in the process of progress. But in any case, as long as teachers and underachievers have the same mind and similar psychology, strive to touch their hearts with love, guide their actions with words, and use tenacious perseverance, patience and meticulous work, there will be a greater breakthrough in the transformation of underachievers.

Mental health education thesis

Strengthen mental health education and improve students' psychological quality.

Zhao Danyang

The implementation of quality education is to make the educated develop harmoniously in physical quality, psychological quality and social and cultural quality, and develop morally, intellectually and physically. It can also be said that it is the overall optimization education. This kind of education is based on the healthy physical and mental development of the educated and the formation of a sound personality. But for a long time, many people pay more attention to physical health, but less attention to mental health. In fact, only those who are physically (physically) mentally (psychologically) healthy are truly healthy. The World Health Organization defines human health as: "Not only is there no physical disability or disease, but there is a complete psychological, physiological state and social adaptability." It can be seen that people's health not only refers to physical health, but also includes mental health. This view is being recognized and accepted by more and more people.

However, in primary and secondary schools, many students are psychologically abnormal. According to the psychological investigation of relevant departments, students' learning-weariness obstacles and interpersonal problems are quite prominent. In the students' own words, they live a life of "monotonous tension" and "irritability and depression" all day. As many as 30% students have psychological problems of different degrees, such as willfulness, extreme, indifference, loneliness, selfishness, jealousy and inferiority. In recent years, primary and secondary school students have made psychological and behavioral mistakes and even committed crimes due to morbid psychology, which has seriously affected their physical and mental health and development. Even endanger families and society. Therefore, strengthening mental health education and improving students' psychological quality should become an important aspect of quality education in primary and secondary schools.

There are many reasons for students' psychological problems, but the main ones are study pressure, social influence, family environment and teachers' educational methods. It reflects many contradictions in school education, social family and so on. Only by understanding the causes of students' problems can we consciously avoid them in education and teaching.

Family influence. Parents are students' first teachers. Parents' moral cultivation, educational level, educational methods and family environment conditions have a direct and significant impact on students' moral and psychological growth. A considerable number of families and parents' conditions are not conducive to students' psychological healthy growth. Some parents often reprimand their children, making them afraid of their parents and lacking emotional communication. Children can't get help when they encounter difficulties, and they can't get encouragement when they encounter setbacks, which makes them feel "depressed" and "frustrated". Some parents' feelings broke down and their parents divorced, which seriously destroyed their children's hearts. The parents of some "problem families" have poor moral character and unhealthy style, and the harm to their children can be imagined. Therefore, improper family education is one of the important reasons for children's psychological problems.

Improper school education. For various reasons, there are still some shortcomings in the education of our school. One-sided pursuit of enrollment rate, emphasizing intellectual education, ignoring moral education and physical education; Pay more attention to in-class teaching than extracurricular education; Emphasis is placed on top students, while underachievers are ignored. The content and way of school life are single. Many students are deeply bored, psychologically panicked and lack self-confidence. They regard the classroom as a prison and study as a chore. However, some teachers ignore students' psychological characteristics and adopt inappropriate methods in educating students, such as corporal punishment and psychological punishment, which damages students' self-esteem and makes many students feel lonely and inferior. Some underachievers are rejected by teachers, lose their ambition and give up on themselves.

Social influence. In recent years, some negative influences in society have had a great impact on students. With the deepening of reform and opening up and economic system reform, it is inevitable to bring some capitalist spiritual pollution, bourgeois liberalization trend of thought, and the inflow of some unhealthy pornographic and violent film and television content in the west, which have caused bad stimulation to teenagers. Teenagers blindly imitate because of their lack of discrimination, which also causes some students' abnormal psychology.

In addition, adolescence, especially from grade five or six to junior high school, is a "transitional period" for students, which is called "dangerous period" abroad. During this period, the height and weight of teenagers increased rapidly. Sexual maturity begins. Due to the rapid growth of physiology, the balance between physiology and psychology has been greatly broken, and the balance between psychological factors has also been broken. During this period, the independence and criticism of teenagers' thinking have developed significantly, but it is more one-sided and subjective. They are energetic and full of emotions, but they are impulsive, not good at restraint, unpredictable in behavior and most prone to psychological problems. Unfortunately, teenagers themselves are not prepared for this change, and some of our parents and teachers often lack sufficient mental preparation and fail to take corresponding educational measures in time to help them through the "transitional period" and "dangerous period", making this period a period of frequent psychological problems. Some experts pointed out through case analysis that 2/3 of adults' mental illness is caused in primary and secondary schools. Primary school students' mental illness is mostly related to their parents, while middle school students' mental illness is rooted in teachers. This should attract enough attention from parents and teachers.

To strengthen mental health education in primary and secondary schools and improve students' psychological quality, we should make overall plans and do work in many aspects.

First, strengthen teachers' study and improve their psychological quality. To carry out mental health education for students, we must first improve the psychological quality of teachers. The increasingly busy modern life has brought many psychological changes to people. Faced with fierce competition for further studies and tangible and intangible pressure from all aspects of society, some teachers have psychological conflicts and depression. The unhealthy psychological state of teachers will inevitably lead to inappropriate educational behavior and have a bad influence on students. Schools should pay attention to their own mental health, and teachers' professional characteristics require teachers to have strong self-regulation ability. Teachers should use scientific knowledge to adjust their mentality, so that they are always in a positive, optimistic, peaceful, stable and healthy state, and devote themselves to education and teaching with vigorous energy, rich emotions and healthy emotions.

In addition, teachers should be extensively trained in psychological knowledge, and schools should take mental health education as an important part of teachers' continuing education, so that every teacher can master the basic knowledge of mental health, so as to correctly guide students and avoid mistakes in the process of education and teaching. It is very important to cultivate a team of teachers who are mentally healthy, know psychological professional knowledge, master psychological counseling skills and psychological training methods. At the same time, reform the school as a whole, correct educational ideas, reform education and teaching methods, harmonize the relationship between teachers and students, and create a happy learning and living environment for students.

Second, strengthen the guidance and help for parents. According to the survey, most parents of this generation of children in primary and secondary schools have not received a good education, especially rarely studied pedagogy and child psychology. According to the report of China Youth Daily in May 17, "95% parents have never read books on psychology, and 72% parents have never read books on education." They don't know how to educate their children more scientifically. Therefore, the school should let parents know the law of teenagers' psychological development, the importance of mental health, the age characteristics of teenagers and the correct methods of educating students through parent-teacher conferences and parents' symposiums. Let parents know that teenagers are a special age stage, and students have repeated emotions and changeable behaviors. We must be psychologically prepared for this, and we must respect them and understand them. The education of students should be encouraged and criticized, but the application of methods must conform to the psychological laws of teenagers. It is human nature not to expect too much from children, but too much pressure will backfire. In addition, we should pay special attention to students from "problem families" and help them overcome their psychological problems caused by the bad influence of their families.

Three. Set up mental health courses in primary and secondary schools to educate students' psychological quality. At present, many primary and secondary schools have set up health education courses and started to involve mental health knowledge. However, offering mental health education classes is not only to popularize the relevant knowledge of psychology, but more importantly, to provide psychological training and guidance in mental health education classes. The course of mental health education should integrate knowledge, interest, participation and operation, so as to apply what they have learned, truly improve students' ability to resist setbacks and self-adjust, and reduce psychological problems such as psychological obstacles. Make every student reach mental health standards such as normal intelligence, emotional health, sound will, coordinated behavior and interpersonal adaptation, and comprehensively improve students' psychological quality.

Fourth, establish a school mental health service system. At present, the lack of professionals is a big problem for schools to carry out mental health services. It is difficult to assign a professional psychologist in the near future, but the administrative department of education should consider training and training professional psychological counseling teachers as soon as possible, and carry out mental health services under the guidance of superior professionals. Set up psychological consultation room, psychological reading room, psychological activity room and psychological consultation hotline in the school. Hold regular lectures on mental health and mental health care for teachers and students. Actively carry out mental health education activities and provide students with study guidance, life guidance and future career guidance. Establish and improve students' psychological files as the basis for the education and teaching of class teachers and teachers. Put mental health work into practice.

Strengthening mental health education in primary and secondary schools, improving students' ideological cultivation level and establishing a scientific world outlook is a process of simultaneous implementation. It will have great influence on the formation of students' noble quality, personality and sentiment, and will also affect their intellectual development. All schools should incorporate it into education and teaching objectives and plans.

Mental health education thesis

Performance and Correction of Pupils' Laziness Psychology

Beibei Han

Laziness is a kind of psychological manifestation of indolence, lack of progress, lack of sense of responsibility and lack of time concept. The inertia of primary school students is particularly prominent. In the process of quality education, it is required to cultivate students' various abilities and qualities, and laziness is like a door. If you can't open it, how can you improve your quality and ability? So I will talk about the performance, reasons and correction methods of laziness of primary school students.

First, the performance of lazy psychology

1, ideological laziness

Lazy people often have acquired ideas. Knowing what I should do today, I always look forward to doing it tomorrow. For example, lazy students often find various reasons to delay when they finish their homework that day. They study while playing. It's late, so they want to get up early tomorrow morning to finish it. They get up late the next day and have new tasks after school, so their academic performance tomorrow can be imagined.

Lazy people often rely on other people's ideas. Teachers often find that there are always a few students who speak enthusiastically in class, while more people are too lazy to think. Thought: Anyway, someone will give the correct answer if I don't raise my hand. This kind of lazy psychology of relying on others will only make thinking more and more dull.

2. Laziness in action

Laziness in thought will inevitably lead to laziness in action. Lazy people clearly know that something should be done, even at once, but they delay or persevere. Always listless and lazy in doing things; Not active, not active, not diligent. For example, the cultivation education in our school requires "picking up sundries when you see them in the playground or teaching building", but many students are too lazy to do it even if they bend over. During the school cleaning every weekend, there are always some lazy students who sneak past or are afraid of heavy work, which shows the degree of laziness.

Second, the reasons for laziness

So what is the reason for laziness?

L, strong dependence.

Nowadays, the only child is seriously dependent. Everything depends on parents or other people, who have no opinions and lack independence. They rely on their parents at home, teachers at school and others in society. This dependence is the main reason for laziness.

2. Lack of self-motivation

Self-motivation is the driving force for progress. Students who lack self-motivation are easy to satisfy, have low demands on themselves, and have a serious thought of muddling along: they are not seeking truth, quality and speed, and often hold an attitude of "coping" and an irresponsible attitude of "muddling along". And this lack of self-motivation will inevitably lead to laziness. For example, every children's art exhibition in our school requires every student in the class to create an art work and show it in the class. Some students relaxed their requirements and thought: There are so many works in the class that there is no shortage of this one. Just deal with the past, so they are too lazy to think carefully, too lazy to paint, and finish it hastily. This lack of self-motivation is the root cause of laziness.

3. The influence of family relations

Objectively speaking, parents' doting is also a factor that causes students to be lazy. Parents' excessive doting on their children will only make them develop the bad habit of "reaching for clothes and begging for food" from an early age. In addition, some parents themselves lack the concept of time, diligent habits and resolute style. Teaching by example is more important than teaching by words, which seriously affects the formation of children's good hygiene habits and good behavior, and promotes the occurrence of laziness.

Third, ways to correct lazy habits

Laziness is a stumbling block to success. On the road of life full of difficulties and setbacks, lazy people are used to waiting, relying and wanting, and never want to seek knowledge, invent, struggle and create. In the end, they can only accomplish nothing. Only by being diligent, assiduous, studious and enterprising, and working towards the predetermined goal, can we achieve brilliant goals, so we should strive to overcome the habit of laziness.

L, to develop the habit of getting up on time every morning and going out to exercise, and get rid of the bad habit of staying in bed.

2. Establish the most glorious concept of labor. Take the initiative to do something at home, help parents clean, wash their faces and wash clothes. Earnestly finish the duty at school, do not rely on others, and actively participate in various labor and hiking activities organized by the school, so as to exercise your will and hone your endurance.

3. Make a study plan. Homework in all subjects is completed in strict accordance with the time specified by the teacher, and gradually develop the habit of not finishing homework and not sleeping, and get rid of the idea of "recovering tomorrow"

4. Look for role models. Find a classmate who studies hard to be his role model, and ask him to help and supervise himself more.

5. I have made progress again. I insist on checking my behavior every day. If I hadn't been lazy that day, I would have posted a small red flag in my diary that day to show my progress. As long as you persist for one or two months, over time, you will form good habits.

6, aversion therapy. Make a clown doll and put it on the table. Whenever I find myself lazy, I will draw a stroke or smear on the clown doll's face. Over time, if you look at Uglydoll's ugly appearance again, you will remind yourself to get rid of the lazy habit.

In a word, laziness is the enemy of one's success. Only by overcoming laziness and ego can we keep moving forward.