First, the overall perception, fast reading skills:

(1) Browse the headlines to understand the basic content: sometimes the headlines imply the main idea, which can inspire the thinking of the article and provide directions for answering questions. (2) Determine the style (narrative, argumentative, expository and prose) and analyze the key meaning. (3) Read the beginning and the end carefully and try to figure out the theme: the beginning and the end can often find the center expressed by the author.

Second, the source of the answer: a select the keywords or sentences in the original text and materials (such as grasping argumentative sentences, lyric sentences and special rhetorical sentences, key adjectives and verbs in paragraphs). B. select the main and eliminate the secondary. In other words, summarize the sentences in your own words or materials first, and then merge and condense them, leaving key sentences.

Third, friendly reminder: 1 Pay attention to the examination of questions, understand the intention of the questioner, and answer questions around the requirements of the questions to prevent irrelevant answers. (2) Identify the style and answer according to the style knowledge; Answers should be organized and standardized. 3 When opening a topic or talking about opinions and feelings, we must combine the central intention (central argument) of the article to diverge. We can appropriately extract the key sentences in the article to answer, and try our best to sum up the actual feelings and quote relevant famous sayings and aphorisms or American prose.

Fourth, please refer to the special training of modern reading problem-solving guidance. V. Memorandum of Stylistic Knowledge: Explain the text reading 1, and clearly explain the object: analyze and explain the object can be: a. Look at the title of the article; B. Analyze and summarize according to the contents of explanatory paragraphs. 2. General description content: The description content of the description text can generally be summarized as follows: This paper mainly explains the structure, shape, nature, characteristics, changes, reasons, working principles and functions of the description object. (It depends on what the specific audience is) 3. Clearly explain the order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order. The common logical sequences are: a. From generalization to concreteness; B. from the whole to the part; C. from primary school to secondary school; D. from phenomenon to essence; E. from cause to effect; From characteristics to uses. Generally speaking, the explanation of things adopts the logical order of explanation. 4. Clearly explain the method (1). Explanation method: a. Definition (mode: what is what); B. examples; C. comparison; D. column number; E. analogy; F. classification; G. List the chart (2) The function of analysis and interpretation methods: a. First indicate the interpretation methods used; B, then contact the description content analysis. What characteristics does this description show? 5. Explanatory language

Accuracy answer specification: A: It cannot be deleted, and "xx" means …, and it will become … after deletion, which will affect the accuracy of the explanation language. (unrealistic or too absolute) 6. Clearly explain the structure of the text (as the basis for dividing levels): common structural modes: total-subtotal, total-subtotal, etc. , things often use general formula, and its "sub-"parts are often arranged side by side.

Argumentative reading

1, find the right argument: title, beginning, end of the article, the obvious need to be briefly summarized. You can also find an argument by analyzing it. Because an argument proves an argument, analyze this argument and see what it proves. This question is an argument. Or analysis of topics, some topics are not arguments, but argumentative topics, and the author's view on the topic is the central argument. 2. Analysis of argument types: factual argument and rational argument. Test center: add an independent variable; (Stick to the argument and choose real typical cases) 3. Clear demonstration methods: for example, reasoning, metaphor and comparison. The general principle of argument is to use famous sayings as arguments. Metaphorical argumentation refers to the metaphorical rhetorical devices used in argumentation statements. Comparative argument generally needs to find out both positive and negative arguments. Test center: the role of analysis and argumentation: 1. Point out the demonstration methods used; 2. Analyze which viewpoint of the author is proved by this argument method. (generally, it is the central sentence of this paragraph (the beginning of the paragraph) or the previous sentence of the argument method adopted. 4. Argumentation structure: general structure: asking questions-analyzing problems-solving problems (that is, introduction-theory-conclusion). 5. Analyze the linguistic features of argumentative writing (accuracy and generality). 6. An argumentative essay usually begins with something, a famous saying, a fable, etc. So their role is: as an introduction, lead to the topic. 7. In argumentative writing, rhetorical questions are often used as transitions and rhetorical questions are used to express emphasis. (1) The function of rhetorical questions is to attract readers' attention, inspire readers to think and make them think. (2) The function of rhetorical questions (rhetorical sentences): strengthen the tone, emphasize the author's point of view and make people think. Narrative reading 1. Problem-solving skills: For details, please refer to the special training of Modern Chinese Reading Problem-solving Guide 2. Stylistic knowledge: 1 Narrative order: direct narration, flashback and interpolation. Flashback: Write down the ending or the most prominent segment of an event first, and then write down what happened and what happened. Flashback function: Flashback is generally to highlight the center, make the content centralized and sharp contrast, or make the narrative vacillate, or cause structural suspense and myth. 2. Narrative clues: Generally speaking, there are: time as the clue, events (something, changes in place, changes in feelings, feelings of "me") as the clue. 3. Narrator: (1) The role of the first person (narrated in the tone of' I') Writing method: Narrating as the party makes the story appear true (as a witness of the story), natural and intimate. (2) Third-person writing is open and full without any restrictions. (3) The second person narration is closest to the reader and makes people feel particularly cordial. Expression: narration, lyricism, description, explanation and discussion. Description: There are two kinds: character description and environment description. (1) Character description: portrait (appearance), language (dialogue), action (action), expression, psychology, front, side and details. What is detail description: a detailed description of the nuances of a person's portrait, movements and demeanor. (2) The function of environmental description: explaining the background of the story; Show the identity, status and activity place of the characters; Set off the emotions of the characters; Render the atmosphere. (3) Profile: Use other people's reactions to express the contrast between characters and other characters. 6. Narrative writing is mainly about scenery lyricism, so it is necessary to sort out the order of scenery writing and find out the observation points (fixed-point observation or moving for scenery change). (1) Observation angle: look up (hyperopia), look up, look down. (2) Means of observation: sight, smell, taste, touch and hearing. (3) the form of feeling: shape, color, sound, fragrance, taste, light and feeling. 7. Lyric way: direct lyric and indirect lyric. Indirect lyricism generally refers to borrowing scenery to express emotion, embodying feelings in scenery and blending scenes. 8. Artistic features of sex appeal: generally refers to the conception, layout, expression and language features of sex appeal articles (including sex appeal novels). When answering, see if its idea is novel and ingenious; Whether the plot is ups and downs; Whether to use contrast, irony, exaggeration, contrast, seeing the big from the small, etc. ; 9. Prose features: scattered in form but not scattered in spirit. Form refers to the structure, god refers to the central means of writing: borrowing scenery to express feelings, embodying feelings in the scenery, and supporting objects to express their aspirations as symbolic means. 10, when answering what is the function of something in the article, you can consider it from three aspects. (1) content, such as deepening the theme and emphasizing feelings; (2) Structure, such as transition and echo; (3) Language, if fascinating and lively. 1 1, the function of punctuation marks: quotation marks: (1) table quotation (2) irony, irony, negation (3) table emphasis (4) dash-only: (1) table explanation (2) table meaning progressive or turning (3) Ellipsis: (1) omission of table contents (2) silence or reflection (3) interruption of table language (4) intermittent table language (5) unfinished table words, unfinished semantics (12), three elements of novel: plot, characters and environment, and novel structure: beginning, development, climax and end. Introduction, bedding, transition (connecting the preceding with the following), before coordination 15, the role of sentences in expressing feelings: rendering atmosphere, setting off the mood (image) of characters, pointing out the center (revealing the theme), highlighting the theme (subliming the theme and deepening the center) 16 language characteristics evaluation words: accurate, vivid, image. 17. Talk about your opinions or feelings around the article: Answer mode: summarize your opinions or feelings in 1 sentence first, and then talk about the reasons in 2-3 sentences. You can put facts and reason. If the topic has relevant requirements, it should also be combined with personal experience.

A guide to the induction of terms in the analysis of expression skills in modern Chinese reading (literary works)

The expression of literary works refers to the writing principles, laws and methods adopted by writers to shape literary images and express the contents of their works. Specifically, the analysis of the expression skills of the article mainly refers to: first, the writer's skills in the use of expression and stylistic knowledge, and second, the use of rhetorical devices and other related writing skills. Judging from the types of college entrance examination questions, the examination of expression ability requires students not only to judge what an expression ability is, but also to appreciate its expression function. First, the narrator's name is 1. The first person: the narration is kind and natural, and it can freely express thoughts and feelings, giving readers a real and vivid feeling. 2. The second person said: enhance the lyricism and intimacy of the article and facilitate emotional communication. 3. The third person: can directly and objectively show colorful life, not limited by time and space, and reflect reality more flexibly and freely. Second, the narrative method 1. Sequential narration: It can be clearly stated in a certain order (time or space). 2. Flashback: causing suspense and fascinating. 3. Interpolation: Make necessary preparations and supplementary explanations for the main plot or central event to make the plot more complete, the structure more rigorous and the content more substantial. 4. Supplementary narration: Supplementary explanation of the above contents and explanation of the following parts. 5. Plain description: commonly known as "two flowers bloom, one for each table", (referring to describing two or more things that happen at the same time) makes the clues clear and handled properly. Third, description Generally speaking, description has the following functions: ① Reproduction of natural scenery. ② Describe the appearance and inner world of the characters. ③ Explain the natural and social environment of the characters' activities. 1. Portrait, action description and psychological description: better show the inner world and personality characteristics of the characters. 2. Description of scenery: Describe the natural scenery in detail, create an atmosphere, and set off the emotions and thoughts of the characters. 3. Description of the environment and scene: explain the background of the characters' activities, specify the time and place of the event, render the atmosphere, and better express the characters. 4. Characters' dialogue description, psychological description and detail description: portray characters' personalities, reflect their psychological activities and promote the development of stories. It can also describe the voice of the characters and receive special effects. 5. Positive description and profile description: the positive directly shows people and things; Highlight people and things from the side. Fourth, rhetoric 1. Metaphor: turn plain into vivid, abstruse into simple, abstract into concrete. 2. Metaphor: giving things an emotional form (personification), vivid description and rich expression. Metonymy: replace complexity with simplicity, emptiness with truth, and everything with strangeness. 4. Exaggeration: contrast the atmosphere, enhance the appeal and enhance the association; Create an atmosphere, reveal the essence and inspire people. 5. Duality: easy to recite, easy to remember, so that words have a sense of music; Concise ideographic and lyrical. 6. Parallelism: the rhythm is distinct, the content is concentrated, and the momentum is enhanced; The narrative is thorough and detailed; Good at lyric. 7. Repetition: the lyrical writing of the scenery is strong; Connecting the preceding with the following, distinguishing levels; It has been emphasized many times, which is impressive. 8. Contrast: Make the characteristics of things expressed or the rational viewpoints expounded more distinct and prominent. 9. Question: Ask yourself and answer yourself, ask questions, and arouse readers' thinking. 10. rhetorical question: emphasize tone, strong tone and strengthen emotion. Fifth, the skills of structural arrangement and layout: cut to the chase, echo from beginning to end, show great plans, pave the way, deepen layer by layer, spread too much, and set clues; Compact structure and complete symmetry; Lift the ground and take care of it; Set suspense, create waves, connect and merge, and have twists and turns. Whether the relationship between materials and the center is properly handled and whether the primary and secondary details are appropriate; Whether the materials are typical, authentic, novel and powerful. Narrative texts are often arranged according to the passage of time, the transformation of space, the change of scenes and the logical order of thinking. The clues of prose conception generally include: taking emotion as the clue; Take reason as a clue; Take things as clues; Take spatial location as a clue. Structurally, the function of sentences in different positions in the text is clarified: 1, the first sentence-guiding the full text, outlining and leading out the following, paving the way for the following; 2, the last sentence-summary of the full text, deepen the theme, take into account the above, echo before and after, meaning endless, memorable. 3, into a sentence-connecting the preceding with the following, transition, undertaking the above, leading to the following; 4. Central sentence-point out the center and reveal the main idea; 5, the finishing touch-point out the center of the full text and lead the full text; The sentence is profound, thought-provoking and enlightening after reading. 6, emotional sentences-express strong inner feelings, express your chest directly; 7. Contradictory sentence-it is self-contradictory literally, but the author has profound meaning. Reveal profound connotations and express profound opinions. (1) The structural features of narrative (prose) ① Organize materials in chronological order or in the order of events. (2) according to the transformation of observation points to arrange material, such as my castle in the air. (3) Arrange the materials according to the layout of the site, such as "Visiting Ancient Inner Mongolia". (4) Arrange the structure according to the nature of materials, such as "trivial memories". ⑤ Arrange the materials according to the author's cognitive process or emotional changes. Like litchi honey. ⑥ Arrange materials according to what the author has seen, heard, felt and thought as writing clues. (2) Structural features of argumentative essays ① According to logical thinking, it includes three parts: asking questions, analyzing problems, solving problems or introduction, theory and conclusion. ② From the perspective of text structure, the common structures are juxtaposition structure, contrast structure, progressive structure and total score structure. Sixth, the way of expression begins to analyze the meaning of the sentence: 1, and the discussion in the narrative often plays the role of making the finishing point, revealing the purpose and significance of the narrative; 2. Narratives in argumentative essays often play the role of illustrations; 3. The description and writing style in the explanatory text have played a role in making the works more vivid. 4. The writing method of alternating narration and discussion makes the explanation and discussion of the article relaxed and lively, and it is both interesting and enlightening to read. The narrative in the article serves the discussion, which is based on narrative and provides factual basis for the discussion, making the argument well-founded and convincing. 7. Language 1. Whether the language is accurate, concise, vivid and vivid; 2. What is the unique language style (humorous, spicy, plain, natural, concise and lively, subtle and deep, etc.)? ); 3. What unique rhetorical devices are used (metaphor, personification, parallelism, exaggeration, synaesthesia, etc.). ). Eight. The expression means 1. Symbol is to express an abstract concept, thought or emotion with the help of concrete things. Its characteristic is to use some characteristics (content) between the symbol and the symbolized object to obtain implicit and vivid expression and enhance the expressive force of the article. The symbolic means of "leaning on things" is "taking advantage of this and that", and the theme is implicit but not revealing, hidden but not gloomy. 2, foil, refers to not directly describe the main characters or things, but to describe their background, related characters or things, so that its image is prominent, this writing method not only makes the main image more vivid in contrast, but also makes the article tortuous and implicit, unique. 3, first suppress and then promote, arouse curiosity, emotional bedding, arouse curiosity. 4. By expressing his will through supporting things, the author skillfully entrusts his personal feelings and ideas in the process of describing things, and integrates his feelings into things to express his inner feelings, which is implicit, philosophical and suggestive, so that readers can enjoy a unique aesthetic feeling in appreciation. 5, lyrical scenery, through the description of the scenery, to contrast the author's feelings of joy or sadness. 6. The combination of reality and fiction can grasp the key points and highlight the essential characteristics of things, thus depicting people more vividly, highlighting the characteristics of things and scenery and revealing the theme more deeply. Compact structure, concentrated pen and ink. 7. Dynamic and static contrast, dynamic and static contrast, vivid contrast, complement each other. 8. See the big from the small, embody major themes from ordinary and subtle things, highlight the performance center and be more powerful. 9, rendering contrast, rendering, refers to the author through the appearance, behavior, psychology, language or events, environment, scenery, etc. , pay attention to description, highlight the essential characteristics of people or things, in order to deepen the theme of a means of expression. Setting off means not directly describing the main characters or things, but describing their backgrounds and related people or things to make their images stand out. This kind of writing not only makes the subject image more vivid in contrast, but also makes the article tortuous and subtle and unique. By comparison, we can find the difference between them: rendering lies in the intentional description of something; A foil is a description of other things related to it, which plays a role in setting off this thing. There is also an intersection between the two, that is, the author sometimes uses rendering to play a comparative role; Other things used as foil can also be described by rendering. 10, associative imagination, the so-called association, is the psychological process of thinking of another thing from one thing, and the so-called imagination is the process of creating a new image on the basis of the original perceptual image. Associative imagination is often used together, which can enrich the content of the article, enrich the image and increase the artistic expression of the article. 9. Argumentative argumentation method 1, figurative argumentation, its function is to put abstract truth in concrete images, so that the truth is easy to understand and easily accepted by people. 2. Analogy argument, comparing two similar things by telling stories and analogy, thus naturally drawing a new conclusion. It is a combination of shallow and deep, near and far, vivid and convincing. 3. Demonstrate with examples and prove the argument with hard and typical facts. Facts speak louder than words and are very convincing. 4. Comparative argumentation, comparing with positive and negative examples or reasons, and proving the argument in comparison, the contrast is clear, the right and wrong are clear, and it is impressive. 5, citing arguments, authoritative and powerful. 6, extended argument, through the careful analysis of the reasons or results, layer by layer analysis, thus proving the correctness and rationality of the argument, wonderful and profound. Ten, answering skills 1. The examination of expression ability in college entrance examination is mostly subjective, so it is necessary to organize accurate expression of words. Expression can be divided into three stages: skill, content and effect. That is, what skills are used, what content is expressed and what effect is achieved. 2. Multi-angle: analysis of strips. Some paragraphs show more than one expression skill, and their functions (effects) cannot be exhausted in one or two sentences. Moreover, the word limit of the college entrance examination questions was cancelled. If time permits, we can analyze it from multiple angles and give a more comprehensive and detailed answer. Especially when answering general questions with high scores, you must set a serial number such as 123, so that it can be clear and clear, show the depth and breadth of the answer, and let the marking teacher know at a glance. 3. Terminology: First of all, we should memorize the names of some commonly used expression skills, such as dynamic and static contrast, seeing the big from the small, combining the virtual with the real, expressing the ambition by holding objects, connecting the preceding with the following, expressing the mind directly, contrasting and rendering, contrasting, symbolizing and contrasting, etc. Second, we should understand the function of some common skills, such as the function of metaphor is to turn plain into vivid, abstruse into simple, abstract into concrete; The function of parallelism is to have a clear rhythm, enhance the momentum and facilitate lyric; The first person is true, the second person is cordial and the third person is objective; Third, we should understand some commonly used procedures, such as what is embodied, what is emphasized, what is strengthened, what is created, what is expressed, what is deepened, and the theme is clear. I don't know what you really want. This should help.

There are three steps to solve the problem of modern Chinese reading:

The first step is to read the full text and clarify the thinking of the article. In the final analysis, every paragraph and sentence of the article is to clarify the center and return to the main idea of the article. Usually, we should learn to bid for articles, summarize the meaning of each paragraph and summarize the central idea. Often effective. Second, we should find and understand the key words in the article. Especially those words that reflect the author's position and viewpoint, reflect the profound content of the article, have rich connotations and vivid images. In particular, the central idea of the article is often implied in the opening sentence, ending sentence, independent paragraph sentence, figurative sentence, serial sentence, turning sentence and lyric discussion sentence. Don't rush to do the problem, be sure to read the article twice before getting to the point. Read and browse quickly for the first time, absorb the general meaning of each paragraph, establish an overall understanding of the article, and focus on solving a problem-what is the selected article written? The second intensive reading, read every sentence carefully, try to figure out and understand some important sentences and paragraphs, and have a certain understanding of the main idea of the article. Draw words, sentences and paragraphs that play a connecting role in the structure of the article, and draw the central sentence of each paragraph, paying special attention to the beginning and end of the paragraph. These words are often key words that need to be studied when answering questions. Find important words to further understand the ideas and structural levels of the article. (3) Have a sense of style in your heart and find out the sentences that make the dragon shine at the moment. As a philosophical prose, there are always some argumentative and lyrical sentences in narration and description. When reading, we must be good at grasping lyric sentences to grasp the meaning of the text, and pay special attention to lyric comments at the end of the article, which is often the theme of the full text. Remember: haste makes waste. Be sure to read the article before doing the problem, and resolutely put an end to skimming. The second step is to carefully examine the questions. The key to doing subjective questions in modern Chinese reading by directional scanning lies in accurate examination. If you grasp the key to the examination, you can find the key to the answer. The examination of modern text reading is to carefully analyze the stem and grasp the requirements of the topic, that is, to grasp all kinds of information related to the answer contained in the stem. This is the first and most critical step to answer the question. The stem of the question generally consists of two parts, one is the words of the author and the other is the words of the proposer. The purpose of setting the stem is mainly to limit the content of the answer; At the same time, in order to prevent candidates from being at a loss, proposers often prompt the position of the answer content in the text in the stem of the question, and even limit it to which paragraph or sentence. In this way, you can find out the points of each question according to the tips of the stem, and lock the answer interval, which is specific to paragraphs, sentences and words. As long as we find the relevant areas in the original text, carefully ponder the meaning of the context, accurately grasp the key words and accurately grasp the relevant information of the answers, the answers to most questions can be found in the original text. Remember: the stem prompts the answer range, specifies the answer angle, provides the answer idea, implies the answer information, and embodies the answer law. The third step is to screen the combination and express that the reading of literary works is mostly subjective, and its stem can not only show the area of answering questions, but also show the way of answering questions. We should answer questions from the perspective of the "question" of the presenter, and answer any questions if there are any, so that the answers are sufficient, in place, accurate and organized. When integrating, we must ensure the fluency of the text. Remember: 1 and find out the attitude or tendency in the stem. If the stem of the question is in a negative form, take the answer method of reverse first and then correct to avoid missing the main points; If your question is in a positive form, use a positive answer. 2. Find out the composition form of the stem language and determine the answer language form. The structure of stem is an external form of expression, which implies what the meaning of a sentence is made of. The analysis structure can prompt candidates how to organize the language when answering questions. 3. Finding out the author's words and the proposer's words in the topic are generally the objects that students should understand and analyze, and the proposer's words generally play a role in guiding students to clearly answer the key points or provide restrictive conditions. 4. Change implication into directness and differentiation into generalization. Modern Chinese reading materials in NMET are mostly prose, and the language is not only rich in connotation, but also attaches great importance to artistic skills. Some are subtle and euphemistic, some are vivid and delicate, and some are specific. Sentences with these characteristics have always been the focus of the college entrance examination. When organizing the answer, we should first integrate the relevant information in the text to find out the common ground of the information conveyed by the relevant paragraphs in the original text, and then use the concrete and visualized sentences attached to the common ground of the information in the text to transform these concrete and visualized languages into abstract and summarized languages, which is the mandatory answer. 5. Select, refine and integrate sentences from the original text. The purpose of modern text reading is to master and understand the information that the author wants to convey in the text. Therefore, we should understand the work according to the author's thinking and find the answer from the original text. But it is not extracted directly, sometimes it is rewritten on the basis of words or sentences in the article, and sometimes it is necessary to consider the whole text and extract relevant information from each paragraph for integration. This kind of questions appear most in the college entrance examination. In addition, we should also find out the common noun terms in the test questions. Expressions, commonly used expressions are narrative, description, discussion, lyric, explanation and so on. Writing skills, candidates should be clear, the narrow sense of writing skills is "expression", and the broad sense refers to all writing skills, such as expression, rhetoric, suppression before promotion, symbol, straight to the point, expressing ambition and so on. Commonly used rhetorical devices include metaphor, personification, repetition, exaggeration, parallelism, antithesis, contrast, rhetorical questions and so on. Language features generally refer to easy-to-understand spoken language, rigorous and elegant written language, vivid image and emotional literary language. When analyzing, it is generally analyzed from rhetoric. Feeling refers to feeling, understanding and comprehension from the heart. Explanatory text of types, things and reasons (content perspective); Simple and vivid explanatory text (language expression angle). Explaining methods generally include examples, classification, data list, comparison, definition, explanation, analogy, drawing charts, imitation, etc. (generally three words). Descriptive order, chronological order (program order), spatial order, logical order. When answering questions, candidates can be more specific, such as: spatial order (from top to bottom, from inside to outside, etc. ), logical order (results first, reasons later, step by step, etc. The object of explanation refers to the main person or thing explained in the article (generally, it is not necessary to answer the characteristics of people or things). Demonstration methods, reasonable argumentation, factual argumentation, comparative argumentation, figurative argumentation and reduction to absurdity required by middle schools. Demonstration mode, demonstration and refutation. Theoretical arguments, including famous sayings, proverbs, formula laws, etc. Factual arguments, all facts, historical facts, data, etc. Concise and concise sentences are generally limited by the number of words. Decent, civilized, polite and humanized. What's the role? The function or benefit of answering something in the article can be considered from three aspects. The first is the content, such as deepening the theme and emphasizing feelings; Second, the structure, such as transition and echo; Third, language, such as fascinating and lively. Ideological nature basically refers to the central idea or theme of an article. Thoughts and feelings, the ideological tendency shown by the author or characters in his works, such as good and evil, likes and dislikes, praise and criticism, etc. The above-mentioned "common terms" secretly examine students' language foundation and are also the points for assigning topics. Candidates can understand it, which can cure the problem of "answering irrelevant questions" well. The first step of the five-step method of poetry appreciation is to see what kind of poetry it is (divided into realism and romanticism by means of expression, pastoral poetry and frontier poetry by content, etc. Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties is generally used in ancient poetry, and lyric poetry can be divided into lyrical scenery, expressing feelings for the past and expressing ambitions. Writing lyric poems about scenery is mainly to grasp the relationship between scenery and emotion; Generally speaking, to grasp the relationship between the ancient and the present, it can be used to describe the present or satirize it; The first step is to understand the relationship between things and ambitions, and express ambitions by what things are. The second step is to go to the second half of the poem and find the center of the poem (the author wants to express his feelings and heartfelt wishes). The third step is to look at the first half of the poem and think about what images are written, what pictures these images constitute, what characteristics these pictures have and what role they play in the center of the poem (this is actually the blending of scenes, that is, the grasp of artistic conception). The fourth step is to achieve five must-see: ① Must-see the topic (the topic is often the eye of the poem or the central event, which helps to understand the content of the poem); (2) Be sure to meet the author (know the world and the author's style); 3 must-read notes (you can understand the emotional tone of poetry, difficult knowledge allusions, and sometimes the answers are among them); 4 must-see famous sentences (central sentences and poetic eyes are often here. Poetry appreciation is often the appreciation of famous sentences); (5) Be sure to look at the stem of the question (the stem of the question is very directional, so be sure to look at the requirements clearly, and be sure to answer with the content and stem of the original poem, and not explain the concept in an empty way. Answers must be targeted and directional, and it is very important to ask, answer, ask and give. The fifth step is to see what skills are used in poetry, so that it is easy to appreciate ancient poetry. Generally, the expression program can be used when organizing writing: what kind of poem is this, what kind of scenery the poet absorbed to form what kind of picture scroll (or what kind of image description), and what kind of thoughts and feelings the poet contains from it. In terms of artistic characteristics, what expression techniques are mainly used and what performance effect is achieved. Or put it this way: this poem uses the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.