Wu Xueqin lost her mother at the age of 3 and her father at the age of 12. Her stepmother is penniless and works tirelessly day and night to make a living.
Qin Xue was very diligent and studied hard when he was a teenager. However, suffering from a poor family, I felt that my future was bleak and I had the idea of suicide. Fortunately, the stepmother noticed that she was chasing the river and cried to persuade her to save it. After that, Xueqin studied harder and harder, and her studies became bigger and bigger. After reading Qin Xue's poems and essays, Mr. Zeng Huachen said with emotion, "This child's poetics should be successful. You can come to me to study." So I collected the Xueqin and went to the library for free. Later, Qin Xue finally learned something. In August (1896), she was admitted as a scholar. Soon married Luo Yingxian's eldest daughter.
In the 29th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1904), on the recommendation of Mr. Zeng Huachen, Xueqin was selected by the Qing government to study in Tokyo, Japan, and entered a crash course in Hong Wen College to study education administration. Accompanied by Liu Cunhou. During my school days, I participated in the Alliance organized by Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Japan.
In the 31st year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1906), Qin Xue returned to China and took over as the deputy director of the Educational Administration Bureau of Jianzhou (now Jianyang City) to organize school affairs. In the same year, primary and secondary schools were transformed into government secondary schools, and Qin Xue was also the director (principal) of government secondary schools, so he was busy with school funds, school buildings and other issues.
In the thirty-third year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1908), Qin Xue was appointed as a student of Jianzhou Counseling College, trying to establish Jianzhou Women's Higher Primary School. At the same time, the abbot of Shijing Temple, Sheng Zhixing, was mobilized to set up a private primary school in Shijing Temple to create conditions for the children of rural people to enter school.
In the spring of the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Qin Xue resigned as governor. In July, he served as a temporary member of the Sichuan Provincial Assembly, and successively served as a supervisor of Sichuan No.1 Middle School, National Chengdu Normal School, Sichuan Excellent Normal School and Sichuan Sinology Institute. He has taught in Suining No.3 Normal School of Sichuan Normal School twice.
Wu Xueqin had a close relationship with President Luo during his tenure as Dean of Sichuan Institute of Chinese Studies. In 13 (1924), Luo visited the Xueqin family in Shijing Temple. There are poems written by Shijing Temple, Wu Xueqin, Lin Baixi and Ming You Changsong Temple. The poem says: ■ The ground is nine feet high, and you can step on the huge ao independently, as if you were going with the clouds and rain, and the wind is long and Wan Li listens to the waves.
In March of the 20th year of the Republic of China (193 1), Qin Xue was ordered to return to Jianyang County as the director of the Education Bureau. At the same time, it advocates separate schools for boys and girls.
In 27 years (1938), he was transferred to the director of Jianyang County People's Education Center. He is the author of the two-volume poem "Snowhouse". 1948 resigned and returned to Shijing Temple to live in seclusion. Xueqin lived a simple life, was kind to people and was admired by the villagers. She gained fame and fortune all her life and was encouraged by her friends to take up public office. 1952 died in a country apartment at the age of 80. Master of Taoist Quanzhen Dragon School. A native of Happy Village, Jiulong, Jiajia Town, jianyang city, Sichuan Province, was born in a poor peasant family in May of the lunar calendar 1925. Both parents believe in Taoism. 1946, Fu Yuantian, at the age of 20, became a monk in Huanglongguan, Shuimo Township, guanxian, Chengdu, and became a Taoist in Quanzhen Longmen School. I went to a private school at home for a few days, but I know a little about writing. After I entered Taoism, I began to study hard because I studied classics. I have a deep study of the Taoist classic Tao Te Ching. I can not only recite it, but also explain the full text in detail with Taoist teachings and practice it according to my purpose. Anyone who discusses the Tao Te Ching with him should admire his profound knowledge and carry forward the excellent spirit of Taoism. 1955 I visited Master Yi in Changdao Temple in Qingcheng Mountain and found that Master Yi was virtuous and knowledgeable. He lives in Long Island Temple and listens to Master Yi. Soon, due to the lack of management of the Qing Palace on Qingcheng Mountain, Fu was sent. After he went to the Shangqing Palace, he responded to the call of the people's government to encourage the Taoist community to participate in the construction of the motherland, organized Taoist people to plant tea and crops on the mountains, and actively engaged in labor production. He is diligent, simple and fair. He always takes the lead in everything in his work and labor. When something happens, he must try his best to do it well. Therefore, he became famous in Shangqing Palace. 1964 was elected as the master of the Shangqing Palace by Taoist priests. Qingchengshan is a people's commune. He was elected as the deputy commander and accountant of Qingchengshan Taoist Brigade, doing farm work during the day, managing accounts at night and managing temple affairs in Shangqing Palace. He works hard, does not choose to neglect the importance, serves the elders in the world, educates the young Taoists in the world, shoulders the heavy responsibility and works hard. 1966 The "Cultural Revolution" broke out and Taoism was hit. Although it is located at the peak of Qingcheng Mountain, the Qing Palace is still inevitably smashed and robbed. Fu Yuantian was puzzled by this chaotic situation. "People are not afraid of death. Why are you afraid of death?" (Chapter 74 of Tao Te Ching), regardless of life and death, he welcomed Master Yi to live in the Qing Palace and provided for him personally. He still leads the Taoist priest to work every day and is committed to maintaining the ancient road view. In turbulent years, he repeatedly blended the recipe of kiwi fruit wine, a secret recipe of Taoism, and finally mastered the methods and skills of making "Taoist cave milk wine". In order to make a plan for all beings, he began to build a factory to manufacture. Just because of the economic benefits, I was jealous of some people, blatantly turned "public" in the name of the commune, and pushed Fu Yuantian out of the factory. Fu Yuantian also laughed it off and still led the way to farm. The dairy winery finally closed down at a loss because the occupier did not know how to make secret recipes and was not good at management. 1975, guanxian Cultural Relics Management Office took over all Taoist temples in Qingcheng Mountain, confiscated the temple property and the private money of the Taoist priests (such as the private money newly welcomed by Master Yi), confiscated all the scriptures and instruments, and the Taoist priests had to pay them rent. Taoist priests dare to pay a high price to buy magic lamp oil from them, but Taoist priests dare not say anything. As a result, the hall was silent, the bells and drums were silent, and Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain seemed to have been eliminated. Master Yi Xin Ying died of grief and indignation. Fu Yuantian is depressed, but he still lives by chopping wood with strong perseverance and humiliation. 1978 After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the party and the government brought order out of chaos and conscientiously implemented the policy of freedom of religious belief, and the Taoist circles in Qingcheng Mountain saw the light of day again. From the beginning, Fu Yuantian tried to restore the original appearance of the Taoist temple of Qingcheng Mountain. He led all the people in the mountains down the mountain to be picky eaters, set up restaurants serving pilgrims and tourists, made small profits but quick turnover, and solved the minimum living problem of more than 0/00 people in the mountains. Then he raised funds from various sources, repaired dilapidated temples and halls, and reorganized the Taoist Dong Tian Milk Winery. Before the religious policy was fully implemented and the cultivated land in the temple was recovered, he settled in the whole mountain as a permanent Taoist. 1980, the Qingcheng Mountain Taoist Association was established and was widely welcomed. Fu Yuantian was elected president and concurrently the curator of Long Island Temple. Subsequently, he was elected as the executive director of Chinese Taoist Association, the president of Chengdu Taoist Association, the vice chairman of CPPCC guanxian, the standing committee of Chengdu CPPCC and the standing committee of Sichuan CPPCC. Responsible for the management of seven temples in Qingcheng Mountain (namely Fu Jian Palace, Changdao Temple, Zushi Temple, Chaoyangdong, Shangqing Palace, Yuanming Palace and Yuqing Palace) and two factories (Dong Tian Dairy Winery and Tea Factory), as well as Laojun Mountain in Xinjin, He Mingshan Mountain in Dayi, Gexian Mountain in Pengxian County, Danding Mountain in Pengxian County, Qingyang Palace in Chengdu and Erwang Temple in guanxian. 1985 Qingchengshan Qinglonggang Dongtiangong Tea Factory and Xiangshui Dongdong Tian Ru Winery were officially put into production (Dairy Winery was established on 1982 and put into production on 1983. Successful trial production in Fu Yuantian, Sichuan Provincial Government awarded a major scientific and technological achievement award). Throughout the construction process, Fu Yuantian has been sharing weal and woe with his compatriots. /kloc-in the summer of 0/985, the rocks on the top of Zhangren Mountain in Qingcheng Mountain collapsed, smashing the Banshan Pavilion leading to the Shangqing Palace and injuring tourists. The rocks on the top of the mountain were in danger of falling from time to time. Fu Yuantian was worried about passers-by, so he took the initiative to negotiate with the local production team and demanded that a new road be diverted immediately to avoid dangerous slopes. He explained to the Taoist that it is the duty of a monk to build bridges and pave the way and do more good deeds. Road flyovers unanimously agreed with him, and thrifty assumed the manpower and financial resources needed to build roads. The new road has been repaired to ensure the safety of pedestrians. Everyone thanked the people of Qingcheng Mountain for their charity, and Fu Yuantian always thought it was an obligatory thing. With the rapid development of labor and production run by Taoist circles in Qingcheng Mountain, the economic conditions have gradually improved. Under the initiative and leadership of Fu Yuantian, the temples, mountain roads and road pavilions in Qingcheng Mountain have been restored in stages. Open commercial outlets serving the tourism industry; Open a mineral spring soda factory; Establish a Taoist school with patriotism and love for religion as its purpose, and train young Taoists. He also ran around, actively assisting the government to implement the policy of freedom of religious belief, establishing local Taoist associations, strengthening temple management, restoring normal religious activities, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the Taoist community. He did his best to work.
Since he became a monk, he strictly abides by the rules and regulations and is regarded as a model by Quanzhen Taoists. Since 1980, despite his high status and affluent economy, he still lived a frugal life, sleeping in his own hut, eating vegetarian food three times a day and constantly changing two robes. Although he is over 60 years old, he still works hard in educational affairs and runs around in the mountains. When he was ill, he was also considering arranging educational affairs in bed. He should take care of himself as much as possible, don't drag others down, and forbid him and his disciples to spend money for him in the temple. Because of his patriotism and noble morality, he is revered in Taoist circles all over the country. On 1986, he was elected as the vice president of the Chinese Taoist Association at the fourth congress of the Chinese Taoist Association. 1989 was elected honorary director of China Daoxie Institute of Taoist Culture and vice president of China Daoism College.
1989165438+1October 12 to 65438+February 2 (that is, the lunar calendar1October 15 to1/kloc- Fu Yuantian was one of the hosts of the ceremony and was awarded the title of "Master". 1In March 1992, the Chinese Taoist Association held its fifth national congress and re-elected its leading members, which was widely expected. Fu Yuantian was elected as the president of the fifth Council of the Chinese Taoist Association, and concurrently served as the dean of China Taoist College. At the same time, he was awarded the honor of standing committee member of China People's Political Consultative Conference and participated in the discussion of state affairs.
1995165438+10 In October, Quanzhen Sect held a ceremony to preach the precepts in Qingcheng Mountain, Sichuan, and Master Fu Yuantian was elected as the abbot, making Quanzhen the 23rd barrister. 1997 died in Qingcheng Mountain, Sichuan. Lei Zhongwei (1898— 1950) is called Jinpu, which is known as "Rainbow Studio". Anjiabao, Yihe Township, Jianyang County, Sichuan Province (formerly Shi Jia Town, now Shigang Village, Wuzhi Township). Calligraphers in the Republic of China. In the early years of the Republic of China, after graduating from Jianyang Middle School, Lei Zhongwei was admitted to Chengdu Cungu School, which was later the National Studies School. Principal Luo was the top scholar in Qing Dynasty. Lei Zhongwei studied very hard at school and got excellent grades. He was highly valued by Luo and praised by all the teachers and students in the school. Lei Yu 1925 graduated from this school. Lei Zhongwei studied calligraphy under Mao Junchen in those days, and after entering the ancient school, he accepted the advice of famous calligraphers such as Yu Cangyi and Lin, and made great progress. He can not only admire the inscriptions of thousands of words by Shi Guzhi, Cao Quanbei, Zheng Wengong, Diamond Sutra and Huai Su, but also innovate independently and write running script with Wei Bei's brushwork, forming his own way.
Lei Zhongwei is diligent, upright, unpretentious, generous and approachable. He does not participate in politics, does not worship Li Rong, and concentrates on practicing calligraphy. Even if I visit my relatives' home, I will bring a pen and ink, and I will write with a pen in my spare time. The wind and rain are continuous, cold and hot, and never stop. Even when I was walking or sitting idle, I kept drawing with my fingers and felt the spirit of the tablet.
When Lei Zhongwei was selling calligraphy in Chengdu, it happened that War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and aroused patriotic indignation. He participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation support meeting and made many contributions to the propaganda of anti-Japanese. He often said that "it is everyone's responsibility to rise and fall in the world, and it is our responsibility to resist Japan and save the country." Tian, the commander of Longquanyi in Jianyang County at that time, hired Lei Zhongwei as a secretary in his Ministry of War in 23 years of the Republic of China (19 14) in order to decorate the facade by relying on the reputation of calligraphers. Lei Zhongwei didn't get his resignation, but took the name and didn't take actual responsibility. On the door of a printing shop in Chunxi Road, Chengdu, the inscription "Mo Mo Ren Zhai" was written by Lei Zhongwei, and the next paragraph was signed by Tian. When Pan Wenhua was the mayor of Chongqing (1930), he asked Lei Zhongwei to write the Diamond Sutra, which was engraved on the Diamond Pagoda at the top of the mountain near Tongyuanmen, Chongqing. Lei Zhongwei wrote it in the original font.
From 65438 to 0949, after teaching in Luodai, Lei Zhongwei still went to Chengdu to learn from famous calligraphers at any time, so he was very humble. Later, he was transferred to teach at Lianhua Primary School in Shiban District. 1950 10 died at the age of 52.
Lei Zhongwei's existing handwriting includes not only the Diamond Sutra of Chongqing King Kong Pagoda, but also many poems written by Luo in Shi Tian Cave of Qingcheng Mountain, as well as some scriptures and stone carvings scattered all over the country. Zhang Tianlu, male, Han nationality, researcher. He is an expert on ethnic population issues, and he has been fighting for ethnic population issues in China all his life.
puberty
1927, Zhang was born in a poor peasant family in Nianshui Village, Jiajia Town, Jianyang County, Sichuan Province. When I was a child, my family was very poor, and my father shared swill with others in the street to support his family. He was smart and studious since he was a child, studied hard and got excellent grades. Before liberation near 1948, people were in poverty, and Zhang Tianlu was a sophomore in a middle school in Chengdu. Because his family is poor, his parents can't afford to send him to school, and they plan to let him drop out of school and go home to help his father work to support his family. When Deng, the head of Jiajiachang, knew about it, he stopped it. Deng personally visited the school and saw that his grades were the first in the whole grade, so he immediately made a decision. His tuition was funded by the Rural Education Fund, and Zhang had the opportunity to continue his education until he graduated from high school.
Youth and middle age
1949, Zhang Tianlu was 22 years old and in his prime. After graduating from high school, he was admitted to the geography department of Sichuan University with excellent results. 1953 After graduating from Sichuan University, he taught in the Central Institute for Nationalities for nearly 30 years. Geoscience major is to measure the earth with your feet and travel all over the country. Mr. Zhang later engaged in ethnic demography research, and also took his feet and traveled all over the country. Except for the different objects, their hardships and hardships are the same! In his sentence "I am the son-in-law of ethnic minorities", there is a deep and incomprehensible national affection. Because his wife is a Buyi in Huaxi, Guiyang, he often says: I am the son-in-law of Guizhou, I am the son-in-law of Buyi, and I am the son-in-law of ethnic minorities. I want to study the problems of ethnic minorities.
prime time
60 is the retirement age of ordinary people and the beginning of retirement. However, Mr. Zhang's days of our lives has just entered the "prime time". After 1980, he was transferred to capital university of economics and business Institute of Population Economics, engaged in the study of ethnic minorities, and became the founder and pioneer of ethnic demography in China. He used to be a director of the China Population Society and director of the Ethnic Population Research Committee, deputy editor of China Ethnic Minority Population magazine, part-time researcher of the Ethnic Studies Center of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, part-time professor of Sichuan University and visiting professor of Minzu University of China. He has successively presided over the investigation and analysis research projects of ethnic minorities in China by the State Education Commission, the National Bureau of Statistics, the National Social Science Fund and the United Nations Population Fund, organized and participated in many seminars (including international seminars) of large and medium-sized ethnic minorities in China, and conducted visits and exchanges with the United States, Canada, Japan and other countries. In this 10 year, he published more than 7 million words of research results. Published more than 50 papers/kloc-0, and more than 50 investigation reports and consulting reports 10. Monographs include Ethnic Demography, Population Changes in Tibet, Ethnic Minority Population in China, Ethnic Minority Population Research in China, Muslim Population in China, Population Evolution of Ethnic Minorities in China, Population Research of Ethnic Minority Communities in China, Past, Present and Future Trends of Tibetan Population, Investigation and Research on Ethnic Minority Population in China, and Population Development in Tibet and Related Issues. Ethnic demography, in particular, is a summary of Mr. Zhang's decades of ethnic demography research, including: the establishment and development of ethnic demography in China, research objects and tasks, research methods, ethnic evolution and ethnic population, ethnic factors and population changes, ethnic factors and fertility, ethnic factors and health quality, ethnic factors and marriage, ethnic factors and gender, age composition, ethnic factors and cultural factors. He has made outstanding contributions to ethnic studies. China Population newspaper said: He "opened up a far-reaching and broad new world of ethnic population problems"! "National Unity" magazine called him "a late bloomer in ethnodemography". Voice of Taiwan magazine pointed out that the publication of Ethnic Demography is "an important symbol of the establishment of ethnic demography in China". Based on this, he was awarded the honor of advanced individual of national unity, model of patriotic meritorious service, national outstanding contribution award for science and technology, and special government allowance in Beijing.
Old age
In 2007, Mr. Zhang officially retired at the age of 80. He spent most of his time writing memoirs at his daughter's house, summarizing his great achievements in population research during his lifetime and prime time. In May 2007, he also sent a message to the secretary and mayor of Jiajiazhen, inviting them to Beijing. He wants to gather people from Jiajiazhen, let them have money to pay, but no money to contribute, put forward ideas and contribute to the economic take-off of their hometown.
At present, Mr. Zhang suffers from prostate cancer and has many senile diseases, and his condition is not optimistic. However, he also accepted four national and ministerial research projects. There are so many things to do and so many unfulfilled wishes. How could he just leave? As a last resort, we can only shoulder the battle and have a life-and-death contest with the disease. He said to get rid of the baggage, go into battle lightly, forget the bitterness of the past, and develop a good and stable mentality. Everything is' empty', work moderately, and beware of fatigue. He will devote his whole life to the study of the minority population in China. Liu, a native of Jiajiazhen, Jianyang, was born in September of 1909 and died in February of 20001year at the age of 92. He was once named "health of the elderly, Sichuan Province" because of his kind eyes and vigorous spirit.
Liu studied martial arts at the age of 8, and successively studied with him. 65,438+06 years old, studying in Tian Jian Institute of Physical Education, Sichuan. Later, I visited a famous teacher and was recommended by others. He worshiped Chen Hehao, the boxer who broke the door in Luoquanpan, as a teacher, and learned how to break the fist and respect the teacher as a god.
/kloc-0 In the autumn of 928, Liu participated in the "Five Counties Wushu Competition" held in Hechuan County and won the first place. 1946 participated in the "Sichuan Martial Arts Examination Special Group Challenge" organized by the Sichuan Samurai General Association, and won the gold medal in the "Golden Zhang Ke" competitions in various qualified places. Later, he represented Sichuan in the National Games held in Shanghai on 1948 and won the sixth place in boxing.
After Liu Chengming, he worked as a martial arts teacher in the division of Sichuan warlord Chen Shunong stationed in Hechuan. 1940, Sichuan provincial police headquarters as gymnastics and martial arts instructor. After liberation, he took part in teaching. Liu spared no effort to promote the national Wushu culture and had many disciples. In 1980s, he encouraged students to take an active part in various martial arts competitions, and all his students got good grades. Mao Feng, a famous Shandong calligrapher, was named Lanzhai. People from Tiangong Village, Jiajia Town, jianyang city, Sichuan. 1945 10 Born in June 10. Influenced by his family, he loved painting and calligraphy since childhood. He graduated from sichuan fine arts institute Painting Department in his early years and studied calligraphy with famous painters Feng Jianwu and Professor Huang Yuan.
Mao Feng is president of Chongqing Painting and Calligraphy Institute, professor of calligraphy training center of China Calligraphers Association, vice chairman of the second Sichuan Calligraphy Association, vice chairman of the third Sichuan Calligraphy Association, master tutor of distinguished professor of Chongqing University Art College, honorary president of Chongqing University Calligraphy Research Institute, and senior editor of Chongqing Daily Newspaper Group.
The style of Mao Feng official script is scattered, and it has a strong flavor of Han bamboo slips. In his early years, he participated in the National Calligraphy Seal Cutting Exhibition and the National Exhibition of Young and Middle-aged Calligraphers sponsored by China Calligraphy Association for four consecutive years, and many of his works won prizes in international and domestic calligraphy competitions. Many of his works have been collected and exhibited by dozens of cultural and artistic institutions at home and abroad, such as Zhongnanhai, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Shaanxi Provincial Museum, Zhejiang Provincial Museum, Jiangsu Provincial Museum, Sichuan Provincial Museum, new york Art Museum, Tokyo Art Museum and Singapore National Library.
Mao Feng also published dozens of calligraphy essays on the artistry of writing Han bamboo slips, the early induction in calligraphy teaching, the inspiration caused by mountains and rivers, and the calligraphy charm of Dunhuang.
Mao Feng's achievements in calligraphy have been included in Dictionary of Contemporary Calligraphers, China Calligraphy Who's Who and so on. In more than 40 dictionaries.