Cultivation education includes not only the guidance of correct behavior, but also the cultivation of good habits, including the cultivation of language habits and thinking habits. The content of formative education is very extensive, such as cultivating civilized manners, study habits, hygiene habits, language habits, thinking habits and so on.
Cultivation education generally includes the following contents.
First, psychological development. The improvement of people's learning ability and other qualities includes both intellectual factors and non-intellectual factors. When intelligence and chess pieces are equal, the probability of success is more inclined to those non-intelligence factors. Psychological cultivation education focuses on the cultivation of this ability. According to the structural characteristics of students' psychology, educators should cultivate students' good psychological quality mainly from four aspects.
1. Train their intelligence through knowledge contests, intelligence contests, small productions, small inventions and other activities. Cultivate students' ability to use their hands and brains, and develop their thinking ability and creativity.
2. Carry out various thematic activities. Organizing various forms of study and interest groups is helpful to cultivate students' interests, hobbies, motives, ambitions, emotions and beliefs.
3. Encourage students' self-esteem, self-respect, self-love and self-confidence and cultivate their self-awareness.
4. Set an example. Introduce and read all kinds of useful reading materials to cultivate students' good temperament and personality.
The second is formal norms. Good habits formed in this respect play a decisive role in students' learning to be human. Generally speaking, the code of conduct should focus on three aspects to promote the formation of good habits.
1. Cultivation of ideological and moral quality with patriotism as the main line. Schools regularly carry out all kinds of moral education, and the content should be closely linked with students' reality and the construction of two civilizations.
2. Cultivate the concept of quality of the whole people with "civic awareness" as the core. Strengthen contact and cooperation with social judicial institutions, give good lessons in law and discipline, establish legal concepts, abide by laws and regulations, learn to understand citizens' rights and obligations, and cultivate a sense of social responsibility.
3. Develop good moral quality and code of conduct. Mainly to implement the requirements of the Code for Middle School Students and the Code of Daily Conduct for Middle School Students. Cultivate students to work hard, struggle hard, be not afraid of setbacks, be polite, be honest and trustworthy, respect the old and love the young, help others, help the poor, care for public health, observe public order, and so on.
Third, the development of learning ability. Whether you can learn or not can be said to be an observation of the success or failure of quality education. Therefore, schools should guide students to learn to preview, listen to lectures, do homework, think, ask questions and take exams. We should give full play to the strengths of other courses. Activity classes recommend some subjects, bibliographies and learning methods to students; Comprehensive courses cultivate comprehensive ability; Practical courses cultivate practical ability, including social service practice, housework practice, public welfare labor practice and other disciplines. In short, all kinds of courses and activities should be carried out around one center-the cultivation of learning ability.
Fourth, the cultivation of innovative spirit. This is a content of psychological cultivation, but it cannot be regarded as a simple psychological quality. "Bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new", "seeking different thinking" and "turning decay into magic" are the fresh contents endowed by the times to today's education to cultivate students' challenge spirit. This content should be called out in the design and guidance of various activities carried out by schools.
Fifth, the cultivation of artistic interest. Practice has proved that art education plays an irreplaceable special role in promoting students' intellectual development and ability training. Therefore, it is of great significance to have a good art class, and ordinary students' mysterious tendency to art in different degrees leads to their unfamiliarity and fear of art learning. Therefore, if the school establishes a special art education management system and combines it with the actual situation, it will build a systematic, scientific, local and hierarchical art education target sequence. In this way, the advantages of art education itself will be brought into play, and the cultural atmosphere on campus will be more harmonious.
Sixth, other qualities. People's education, people's growth and school work are all complex and diverse, and cannot be simply classified. The above five aspects of formative education cannot explain all its contents. School work should be "scattered in form but not in god", and "god" should be attributed to "cultivation"