Traffic safety education mainly includes the following aspects:
① Understand the basic traffic rules, such as "stop at the red light and go at the green light". Pedestrians should walk on the sidewalk and keep to the right. Don't play football, scooter, run or play games on the road, cross the road, stop and play on the road.
② Know traffic signs, such as traffic lights and crosswalks, and know the significance and function of these traffic signs.
③ Educate children to have a sense of traffic safety from an early age and form a good habit of obeying traffic rules.
2. Fire safety education. Fire safety education for children, mainly including:
Let children understand the danger of playing with fire.
2 Let children master simple self-help skills. For example, teach children to escape from the fire scene immediately in case of fire, and inform the nearby adults in time. When there is a fire and you are surrounded by smoke, cover your nose and mouth with a smoke mask or a wet towel, and immediately lie on the ground and crawl under the smoke.
(3) Take the children to visit the fire brigade and watch the firemen's drills. Ask the firemen to introduce the cause of the fire, the function of the fire truck, the use method of the fire extinguisher and the matters needing attention when using it. In addition, fire evacuation drills can be conducted to determine the safe evacuation route of each class in advance, so that children can be familiar with every passage of the kindergarten, so that when a fire breaks out, they can act in unison under the command of the teacher, evacuate safely and leave the fire site quickly.
3, food hygiene and safety education. Children like to eat snacks and put all kinds of things in their mouths, which is easy to cause food poisoning. In addition to ensuring the hygiene of food procurement, storage and cooking, kindergartens should also educate children not to eat rotten and smelly food. The situation that kindergarten children eat toxic and harmful substances by mistake is even more varied. For example, all kinds of colorful poisonous rat poison put in the garden, disinfectant mistakenly put in beverage bottles due to the mistakes of faculty and staff, and so on. May be eaten by children. Therefore, children should be educated not to pick up food and drink unknown substances at ordinary times.
In addition, most of the drugs taken by children at present are beautiful in appearance and good in taste, which are "liked" by children. Some children even eat drugs as snacks. Therefore, it is necessary to educate children not to take drugs casually. Once they want to take medicine, they must follow the doctor's instructions and take it under the guidance of adults. Another aspect of food safety education is the cultivation of eating habits. For example, educate children to blow before eating hot soup or drinking boiled water to avoid burns; When eating fish, clean the fishbone to prevent it from getting stuck in the throat; Don't laugh and play while eating, so as to avoid food entering the trachea and so on.
4. Education on preventing electric shock and drowning. Electric shock is a common accidental injury in daily life, and the number of children killed by electric shock accounts for 10.6% of the total number of accidental deaths of children. To educate children to prevent electric shock, we must first tell them the structure of electrical appliances and power sources, where they can move and where they can't move, and don't touch electrical appliances and wires when their families are away, let alone play with electrical appliances casually. At the same time, don't pull wires indiscriminately, don't cut wires with scissors, don't carve wires with knives, don't plug wires into power sockets, and so on. Secondly, it is necessary to tell children that in the event of an electric shock accident, don't pull the electric shock child by hand, but cut off the power supply in time, or use dry bamboo poles and other non-conductive things to connect the wires. Drowning accounts for the largest proportion of accidental deaths among children. To educate children about drowning prevention, first, tell them not to play by the river privately; Second, you can't put your face in the water; Third, you can't swim in the river without permission; Fourth, when a companion falls into the water, he should call an adult to rescue him in time.
5, kindergarten toy safety education. Games are children's nature, and toys are children's favorite. Almost half the life and activities of kindergarten children are dealing with toys. Therefore, it is very important to educate children about toy safety. Children should have different safety requirements when playing with different toys. For example, when playing large toy slides, children should be educated not to be crowded. Before the child in front slides to the bottom and leaves, the child behind can't slide down. Children can't play with their companions with toys, let alone scratch, bite or beat their companions; Don't jump from too high, let alone from sports toys. When playing sports or games, you should obey the teacher's arrangement, observe discipline, move in an orderly way, and avoid chasing, running and colliding with each other; When playing swing frame, pay attention to sit still and tighten the swing rope on both sides with both hands; When playing the seesaw, you should not only sit still, but also grasp the handrail with both hands; Wait; When playing with a medium-sized toy game stick, don't hit other children's bodies, especially their heads; When playing with small toy glass balls, don't put them in your mouth, ears or nose to avoid injury.
6. Children's life safety education. This kind of safety education must be carried out simultaneously with the cooperation of the family. For the safety of children, adults should educate children not to carry sharp instruments, such as small scissors. Sports and games should be orderly, not crowded or pushed; When there is no adult's care, you can't jump from a high place or jump from a low place. Tell children not to climb trees, walls or windowsills. Don't slide down the handrail. When pushing the door, push the door frame, not the glass, and don't put your hand under the door. Don't walk back and forth in the car when riding, and don't stick your hands and head out of the window. Go up and down the stairs to the right, without pushing; Don't trust strangers, don't walk with strangers privately, and don't let strangers touch your body. Tell children that only parents, doctors and nurses can touch their bodies. If a stranger wants to do this, he must flee as soon as possible. Tell your child at home that when he is alone at home and a stranger calls, he will not open the door casually; Don't turn on household appliances at will, especially electric irons and heaters; Don't play with wires and sockets; Children should not lock their own doors at home, and do not play with dangerous goods such as gas, fire, lighters, kettles, water dispensers and medicines; Don't set off fireworks alone; Don't tease snakes, centipedes, scorpions, wasps, caterpillars, dogs and other animals; When traveling or walking in the wild, don't pick flowers and fruits or catch insects casually, and don't put them in your mouth to prevent accidents; When going to public places for sightseeing, going out for a walk or outdoor activities, educate children to stay away from dangerous places such as transformers and construction sites, and don't stand under trees when thunder and lightning strike; Children know their name, garden name, parents' name, unit, home address and telephone number, and they can express themselves clearly and know how to protect themselves in an emergency.
7, natural disaster self-help education. This kind of safety education needs repeated practice in schools and repeated reaffirmation by parents. Natural disasters are on the rise in recent two years, and China is the country with the most natural disasters in the world. Earthquakes, floods, mudslides, typhoons, tsunamis, thunder and lightning, dense fog and hail all happen from time to time, so children should have these self-help consciousness from an early age. Evacuating to a safe place quickly after the earthquake is a better way to avoid the earthquake. For shock absorption, you should choose a small room with support and an open and safe place that is firm indoors, can cover your body, and is easy to form a triangular space. When the flood comes, you should quickly move to nearby hillsides, highlands, buildings, flood shelters and other places, or immediately climb onto roofs, tall buildings, trees, high walls and other places for temporary refuge. In thunderstorm days, people should try to stay indoors, don't go out, close doors and windows to prevent lightning from entering the room, try not to get close to metal parts such as doors and windows, stoves and heaters, and don't stand barefoot on the soil or concrete floor. It's best to sit on a wooden chair, put non-conductive objects under your feet, and don't shelter from the rain under isolated trees, towers and telephone poles outside. Try not to go out when the hail comes, and pay attention to protect your head and face when you have to go out.
Finally, children should know the alarm telephone number 1 10, fire telephone number 1 19, emergency telephone number 120, etc.