Comrade Li Dazhao was born on 1889129 October in Daheituo Village, Laoting County, Hebei Province. At the age of seven, he entered Xiangshu, Yongpingfu Middle School in 1905, and Tianjin Beiyang Law College in 1907. When I was young, I witnessed the situation of national peril and social darkness under the imperialist aggression, which inspired my patriotic enthusiasm and determined to find a way out for the suffering China. After the achievements of the Revolution of 1911 were stolen by Yuan Shikai, he began to publish articles, exposing that the rule of warlords and bureaucrats only deepened the national disaster and people's suffering. 19 13, Han fen went to Japan to study at waseda university in Tokyo. After Japan put forward 2 1 conditions for national subjugation to Yuan Shikai's government in China, it took part in the patriotic struggle of the Students' Federation in Japan and issued a letter to China. At this time, I began to get in touch with socialist thought and Marxist theory. 19 16 After returning to China, he took an active part in the new cultural movement. In his article Youth, he called on young people to "break the shackles of history, cleanse the filth of history, create a new life for the nation and save the youth of the nation". He actively attacked the old ethics with Confucius as his idol, and waged a fierce struggle with the reactionary forces who promoted Confucius to maintain their rule at that time. 19 17 The victory of the Russian socialist revolution in October greatly inspired and inspired Comrade Zhao. He gradually stood clearly on the standpoint of Marxism and became the earliest Marxist and Communist in China. From 19 17 to 19 19, he published many articles enthusiastically propagating the Russian revolution and Marxism, and launched a debate with Hu Shi, a bourgeois reformist, which aroused extensive and strong repercussions in the ideological circle. 19 18 was the director of Peking University library, and later served as a professor of economics, and participated in the editorial department of New Youth magazine. At the end of this year, he founded Weekly Review with Chen Duxiu and others, and edited the Morning Post Supplement the following year. At the same time, he also helped the students of Peking University to set up publications such as "National" and "Trendy". With the development of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal May 4th patriotic movement led by Comrade Dazhao, the influence of Marxism is expanding day by day. 1920 In March, Comrade Dazhao initiated and organized the Marxist Theory Research Association and the Communist Group in Beijing. Under his influence, many young people accepted Marxism, and some of them became famous early activists in China, such as Deng Zhongxia and Gao. Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Zhou Enlai were also influenced by him. Comrade Dazhao fought for the establishment of China and was one of the main founders of our party.
192 1 After the founding of China in, Comrade Dazhao guided the northern work on behalf of the CPC Central Committee. At the second, third and fourth congresses of the Party, they were all elected as members of the Central Committee. /kloc-at the end of 0/924, he served as secretary of the North District Executive Committee of the Party. Under his leadership, the Northern Party Organization sent many comrades to Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China to carry out the work of the Party and the League, and successively launched famous struggles such as the Kailuan strike and the February 7th strike. 1922 was entrusted by the party to negotiate with Dr. Sun Yat-sen on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in Shanghai. 1924 participated in leading the first national congress of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou, which made great contributions to the establishment of the national revolutionary United front and the realization of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. 1925 Dr. Sun Yat-sen died in the north. During the May 30th Movement, he led the northern party organizations to mobilize the masses and launched a vigorous anti-imperialist and anti-warlord struggle in the northern areas ruled by Beiyang warlords. He actively carried out extensive United front work and led the reorganized Kuomintang Beijing organization. Resolutely oppose the Kuomintang Rightists. He worked hard to train and transport a large number of cadres for the revolutionary movement in the south. He strongly supported the peasant movement that flourished in some rural areas in the south at that time, but it also began to spread to the north, and wrote an article on the importance of developing the peasant movement and solving the land problem. He also paid attention to expanding the influence of the revolutionary movement in the army, which played an important role in ensuring General Feng Yuxiang to participate in the Northern Expedition. Comrade Dazhao, as a scholar and revolutionary with noble moral character, is widely respected by all walks of life, which is an important condition for him to effectively carry out various revolutionary work.
1March, 926 18, people from all walks of life in Beijing held a rally in Tiananmen Square against Japan and other countries' demands for the recovery of Dagukou, and petitioned in front of the government of the Anhui warlord Duan, who was brutally slaughtered by the Duan government. After the tragedy, Comrade Dazhao continued to lead the struggle between * * * and the Kuomintang northern organizations. Soon, the army of Feng warlord Zhang entered Beijing, and the white terror became more serious. On April 6 of the following year, with the support of imperialism, Zhang arrested more than 80 people, including Comrade Dazhao. Comrade Dazhao was tortured. In prison and court, he is always righteous and unyielding. On April 28th, the vicious and cowardly enemy split comrades Da Zhao, Tan Zuyao, Deng, Xie, Mo Tongrong, Zhang Bohua, Li Yinlian, Yang Jingshan, Fan Hongshi, Xie, Lu Youyu, Hua Ying, Zhang Yilan, Yan Zhensan, Kun Li, Wu Pingdi, Tao and Zheng Pei. Comrade Dazhao was fearless when he was executed. He was the first to go to the gallows and died peacefully. At that time, he was less than 38 years old.
Comrade Li Dazhao's coffin has been parked in a temple outside Xuanwu Gate for many years. 1On April 23rd, 933, his family and many social celebrities initiated a funeral for Comrade Dazhao and buried the coffin in Wan 'an Cemetery in Xiangshan. A large number of students, workers and citizens braved the white terror to attend the funeral, forming a heroic demonstration movement, and many participants were arrested or even killed.
Before the national liberation, some of Comrade Li Dazhao's works were compiled by his relatives and prefaced by Mr. Lu Xun, but they were never published under the reactionary rule. It was not until 1959 that People's Publishing House published the re-edited Selected Works of Li Dazhao. 198 1 year, People's Literature Publishing House published an updated Selected Poems of Li Dazhao. 1984, People's Publishing House published1100000-word Collected Works of Li Dazhao.
Comrade Li Dazhao is infinitely loyal to the cause of China people's liberation, his belief in Marxism and the revolutionary future of the proletariat. His fearless dedication to the establishment and development of the communist movement in China will always be a shining example for all revolutionaries. Comrade Dazhao and countless martyrs fell gloriously, but their sacrifices did not stop the China revolution. On the contrary, the China Revolution continued in the blood of the victims until a great victory was achieved. As an outstanding son of the people of China and a great proletarian revolutionary, Comrade Dazhao's achievements will always be admired and revered by the people of China.
On March 8, 1983/kloc-0, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China buried the coffin of Li Dazhao and his wife Zhao Renlan (1883- 1933) in the newly-built martyrs cemetery.
Comrade Li Dazhao, the pioneer of the communist movement in China and a great Marxist, is immortal!
Background of the times and introduction of characters:
Memories of Sixteen Years ago is a memoir written by Li Xinghua, the daughter of Comrade Li Dazhao, on the occasion of the 16th anniversary of Li Dazhao's death. It recalled the situation before and after Comrade Li Dazhao was arrested, tried and killed, which fully reflected his indomitable spirit of being loyal to the revolutionary cause and facing the enemy.
Li Dazhao is one of the founders of China. 188910/kloc-0 was born in Laoting County, Hebei Province on October 29th. My parents died early and grew up with my grandfather. He studied hard since he was a child, cared about the fate of the troubled motherland, and determined to change the poverty and backwardness of China. 1In March, 926, the northeast warlord Zhang Lingbing entered the customs, occupied Hebei, Shandong and Henan, and ordered the arrest of Comrade Li Dazhao. Li Dazhao stayed in Beijing to work despite extreme difficulties and dangers. 1On April 6, 927, Li Dazhao was arrested, tortured and unyielding. In prison, he continued to lead the party's work, propagated communism, and was loved by prisoners.
1April 28th, 927, the enemy killed Li Dazhao. For the first time, reactionaries used gallows bought from imperialist countries. Li Dazhao walked on the gallows with his head held high and delivered his last speech. He said: "We have trained many comrades, like the seeds of safflower, which are scattered all over the country. We believe that communism will surely win brilliant victories in the world and China. " The enemy tortured Li Dazhao crazily and hanged him for 40 minutes. Li Dazhao gave his precious life for the cause of communism. He was only 38 years old when he died.
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Li Dazhao (1889- 1927) was born in Laoting, Hebei. 19 13 graduated from Tianjin Beiyang College of Law and Politics. Studying in Japan, entering the political department of Waseda University, I began to get in touch with socialist ideas. 19 14 organized the shenzhou society to carry out anti-yuan activities. The following year, in order to oppose the "Twenty-one Articles" of Japan's subjugation, a Letter to the National Elders was published in the name of the Federation of Students Studying in Japan, calling on Chinese people to fight to the death with "determination to cross the rubicon". 1965438+Returned to China in May 2006, founded Chenzhong in Beijing as the editor-in-chief. In order to promote the development of the New Culture Movement, Xuan resigned as an editor of Jiayin Daily.
19 18 served as the director of Peking University Library, published articles such as Victory of Bolshevism, and called on the people of the whole country to take the road of October Revolution. Active participation in the May 4th Movement played an important role in promoting the movement. 19 19 participated in the establishment of young chinese society and served as the editorial director of young chinese monthly. The publication of My View on Marxism is China's earliest article systematically introducing the three components of Marxist theory. Debate on "Problems and Doctrine" with Hu Shi, who advocates pragmatism. 1March, 920, discussed the establishment of China with Wei kinski and Mamayev, directors of the Far East Bureau of the Communist International who came to Beijing. Beijing * * * Group was founded in June 65438. The Beijing Socialist Youth League was founded in 10. 192 1 In August, he was appointed as the director of Beijing Branch of China Trade Union Secretariat, and carried out workers' movements on railways such as Jingfeng, Han Jing and Jinghai. After the West Lake Conference in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in August the following year, he was entrusted by the Party to Shanghai to discuss with Sun Yat-sen the issue of "revitalizing the Kuomintang and rejuvenating China". Soon, he joined the Kuomintang in his personal capacity and was led by Sun. 1June, 923, attended the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and was elected as the executive member of the Central Committee. 10 In June, he was appointed as an executive member and a reorganization member of the Kuomintang Provisional Central Committee. Participate in the preparation of the "First National Congress" of the Kuomintang. 1924 1 Sun was appointed as a member of the five-member presidium of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang and was elected as an executive member of the Central Committee. After the meeting, he served as the organization minister of the Kuomintang Beijing Executive Department. In June, he led a delegation of the Chinese Communist Party to Moscow to participate in the "Big Five" of the Communist International. 165438+ 10 returned to Beijing to mobilize the masses to prepare for the "aftermath meeting" of the national denunciation section. 1925 When the May 30th tragedy broke out, Zhao Shiyan and others organized a "memorial meeting on the Shanghai case" in Beijing to support the Shanghai people's anti-imperialist struggle. 1March, 926, led the Beijing people to oppose the "ultimatum" of Japan, Britain, the United States and other countries demanding the dismantling of Dagukou national defense equipment. /kloc-in June of 0/8, he was wanted by the Japanese government for organizing a petition demonstration. During the Northern Expedition, he assisted Feng Yuxiang in formulating military action guidelines. 1927 was arrested by warlord Zhang on April 6th. He died heroically in Beijing on the 28th. This book was compiled into a collection of Li Dazhao's works.