Famous universities include: Belarusian State University, founded in 192 1, and ranked among the top 600 in QS world; Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, founded in1975; Russian State Technical University, founded in1920; Belarusian State Normal University, founded in1922; Belarus State Technical University, founded in1930; Belarus State University of Economics, founded in1933; Belarus National Agricultural University, founded in1940; Minsk State Language University was founded in 1948. The medical and health level of Belarus is among the highest in the CIS countries. Belarus has introduced a free medical system. Medical and health undertakings mainly rely on the financial support of the state.
By the end of 20 14, there were 13 medical and pharmaceutical research institutes, 4 central scientific research laboratories, 4 medical schools and 4 doctor training colleges in Belarus. Affected by the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident in Ukraine, some parts of Belarus still suffer from nuclear radiation in Weihai, especially in the southeast. By the end of 2009, there were 1257 newspapers and periodicals in China. Main newspapers and periodicals: The Soviet newspaper Belarus, founded on 1927, is the organ newspaper of the President's Office. It is published in Russian and Belarusian, with a circulation of about 40,000 copies, making it the largest newspaper in white. Republic newspaper, Belarusian government agency, daily newspaper. Founded in 199 1, published in Russian and Belarusian, with a circulation of about 94,000 copies; People's Daily was founded in 1990. It was originally a parliamentary newspaper, and now it is a government newspaper. It is published in Russian and white, with a circulation of about 28,000 copies. The Star is the organ of parliament and has 80 staff members. Published five days a week, only in Belarusian; For the honor of the motherland, the organ newspaper of the Ministry of National Defense published in Russian and Belarusian has a circulation of about 1.7 million copies; Youth Flag is the official newspaper of the National Youth Affairs Committee and the Belarusian Youth Patriotic Union. It is published in Russian and white, with a circulation of about 654.38+0.9 million copies. Belarus Field is a government-owned agricultural newspaper, published in Russian and white, with a circulation of about 35,000 copies. News Ball, founded in 199 1, is a private newspaper with 4 1 employees. Published three times a week.
Main news agency: Belarusian State News Agency (Bai Tong News Agency), formerly known as Russian telegraph agency/KOOC-0/92/KOOC-0/Belarus Branch, officially changed its name to Bai Tong News Agency in March of/KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/,and now it belongs to the President's Office, with a total staff of/KOOC-0/76, including 55 journalists. The current president Dmitry Zuk. Interfax news agency, affiliated to Russian international media group "Interfax news agency", was established in 1994. President Viacheslav Zankovic nikolayevich. The independent news agency "Belapan" was established in 1993, with about 70 staff members, including 35 journalists.
Belarus National Radio and Television Corporation: It is directly under the jurisdiction of the President, and the chairman and vice-chairman are appointed and removed by the President. The company consists of news department, TV station, radio station, radio technology center and commercial advertising department, with branches in various States, and radio and television services cover the whole country. There are about 3000 professionals.
Radio Belarus was established in June 1925 1 1, and now has 400 professionals. Four programs are broadcast in mono and stereo on two radio bands respectively: the first program is broadcast every day 19 hours. The second program is broadcast every day 16 hours. Capital Radio broadcasts 12 hours every day. The above three programs are broadcast in Russian and Belarusian, and can be heard in the neighboring areas of Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Belarus, as well as in the western Urals of Russia. Radio Belarus broadcasts four hours a day to the United States, Canada, Australia and more than 20 European and African countries in four languages: white, Russian, German and English.
Belarus National Television was established in 1956, with 700 professionals. There are five creative departments, including TV program management department, social programs, children's programs, popular science education programs, TV movies and sports programs, and three editorial departments for youth programs, cultural programs and music entertainment programs. Mixed broadcast in white and Russian, with a daily broadcast time of about 20 hours. Long-distance transportation mainly depends on railways. By the end of 20 14, the total railway mileage in China was 5,600 kilometers, including 894 kilometers of electrified railways, and the railway freight volume was 38.402 billion tons kilometers. The main trunk lines of modern Belarus bear about 75% of the country's freight volume and more than 50% of passenger traffic. The total length of the double-track electrified railway on the Brest-Minsk-Olza-Russia border is 665,438+02km, of which the running speed of freight cars is 90km/h and the running speed of passenger cars is 65,438+060km/h. The freight volume and passenger volume of Belarusian railways in 2008-2065,438+03 (100 million kilometers) Railway passenger volume (100 million kilometers) in 2008.
Belarus plans to open a container express train, which will depart from Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, pass through the Dostec border crossing station, and pass through Kazakhstan and Russia. By the end of 20 14, the total length of highway network in Belarus was 83,600 kilometers, including national highway15,400 kilometers and local highway 68,200 kilometers. There are 5,300 bridges in China, and the total length of viaducts is 1.73 km. The density of the public highway network is 400 km/thousand square kilometers.
The oil pipeline is 2936 km, the natural gas pipeline is 630 1 km, and the petroleum product pipeline is 1265 km.
In 2008, the freight volume was 73.410.20 billion ton-km, including 48.994 billion ton-km by railway, 2.42310 billion ton-km by highway, 0.30 billion ton-km by inland river and 55 million ton-km by air.
In 2009, the total passenger traffic was 265.438+504 million person-kilometers, including 865.438+880 million person-kilometers by railway, 865.438+400 million person-kilometers by highway, 3 million person-kilometers by inland river and 65.438+280 million person-kilometers by air.
International transportation: International transportation is mainly based on sea transportation, road multimodal transport or railway transportation. Multimodal transport is first transported by sea to Kelai Pether or other surrounding ports, and then by trailer to inland cities such as Minsk. (Europe-Belarus)
There are five class е international highways in Belarus, with a total length of 184 1 km. No.2 European Transport Corridor (Berlin-Warsaw-Minsk-Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod) No.9 European Transport Corridor (Helsinki-St. Petersburg-Moscow/Pskov-Kiev-Chisinau-Bucharest-Dimitrovgrad-Alexandropoulos) and its B9 branch line 15 13 km (Kaliningrad Minsk Airport 1, Gomel Airport and Grodno Airport are not only responsible for the transportation of domestic routes, but also for international scheduled flights and charter flights to various countries.
Minsk International Airport can guarantee Class I and Class II flights stipulated by ICAO, and can take off and land any type of aircraft. Gomel Airport, Grodno Airport, Mogilev Airport and Vitebsk Airport can take off and land Il -76, Tu-154, в-737, в-757 and aircraft below this level. Brest Airport can take off and land ан- 124 (ruslan type), Il -76, Tu-154, An -3 10-300, в-767-200 and aircraft below this level.
There are three main airlines in Belarus: Belarusian Airlines, Gomel Airport and Air Export Airlines. Among them, the first two enterprises are mainly engaged in passenger air transport, and air transport export airlines occupy a dominant position in the freight air transport market. Belovezh Jungle National Park (covering an area of 87,000 hectares) is one of the oldest national protected areas, built in 1990. Belovezh Jungle National Park is located in Grodno and Brest regions in southwest Belarus, 340 kilometers away from Minsk. There are 59 species of mammals (including 6 species of national protected animals) and 253 species of birds in national protected areas, of which 75 species are listed in the red book. About 300 European bison are the most precious animals in the national reserve. Belovezh jungle is unique and the largest virgin forest in the Central European Plain. The average age of forests here is over 100, and the age of trees in some areas is over 250 to 350. There are 1000 kinds of towering trees in Belovezhsen Forest: oak trees with a history of 400 to 600 years, ash trees and pine trees with a history of 250 to 350 years, and fir trees with a history of 200 to 250 years. As far as the diversity of animal and plant species is concerned, the Belovezh jungle is unique in Europe. 1992, Belovezh Jungle was listed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO. 1993, the national reserve was renamed biosphere reserve, 1997, Belovezh Jungle was awarded a certificate by Council of Europe.
Braslav Lake National Park was built in 1995, located in the administrative region of Braslav bordering Lithuania and Latvia. The total area of the park is 69 100 hectare. About 200 ponds are "treasures" in the park. The total area of lakes in Braslav is 1 14 square kilometers.
Pripyat National Park was built in 1996, located in Gomel State. The park covers an area of 188485 hectares. This park is famous for its rare animals and plants.
Naluochi National Park was built at 1999. Lake Naluoqi in the park is called "the pearl of the country". Lake Narochi is the largest lake in Belarus, and its beautiful lakes and amusement facilities always attract many tourists. There is also the largest Narochi sanatorium and holiday camp in the park. Each tourist can enjoy a comfortable holiday here for 240 days throughout the year, and can swim here for about 100 days in a year. In addition, Lake Naluoqi is also famous for its mineral water. In buckwheat porridge, there are all kinds of porridge for breakfast, mainly buckwheat and oats. The most important thing is that the porridge here is dry, and there is no soup, just like our big rice here, but when the rice is steamed, the water gradually disappears, and here it is drained after cooking.
Russian muffins have various flavors, such as pork liver, beef liver and apple, so they are salty and sweet.
The soup here in Luo Songtang is mainly Luo Songtang, and it will taste better if it is topped with sour cream.