1, Confucius's benevolence
Confucius advocated the spirit of kindness and thought that people should be kind to others and build a harmonious society. He emphasized family ethics, advocated filial piety and advocated family harmony and friendship.
2. Socrates' moral philosophy
Socrates believes that morality is the pursuit of truth and the virtue of individual soul. He emphasized the importance of wisdom, truth and self-knowledge, and realized moral promotion through dialogue and speculation.
3. Descartes' self-ethics.
Descartes was an ethical thinker in the European Renaissance. He believes that morality should be based on rationality and self-awareness, and advocates individual autonomy and free will.
4. Mencius' innate goodness.
Mencius believed that human nature is good and moral perfection can be achieved through training and education. The benevolence, righteousness, honesty and shame he advocated became an important content of Confucian ethics in later generations.
The application and discussion of ethics in modern society;
1, Contemporary Ethical Issues
Such as medical ethics, environmental ethics, scientific ethics and other fields of ethical challenges and disputes. It emphasizes the maximization of social functions and interests, and regards moral behavior as maintaining social order and stability.
2. Professional ethics
Explore workplace ethics, such as professional ethics, integrity, fair treatment and other personal and organizational behavior norms. Moral principle is subjective and relative, because it is influenced by culture, history and personal ideas.
3. Public ethics
Study the moral standards at the national and social levels, including public policy, rule of law and social responsibility. Ethics holds that moral behavior should be centered on personal interests and pursue the maximization of personal interests.
4. Cross-cultural ethics
Compare the ethical concepts and values between different cultures and explore how to deal with cultural conflicts and coexistence. Emphasize community and collective values, and think that personal moral behavior is limited by community expectations and common responsibilities.