Education examines people with existing experience and knowledge and explains various phenomena, problems or behaviors for them. Education is a way to make things close to their most basic existence. Let me tell you what education is.

Introduction to education

It is generally believed that the education process begins with a person's birth and lasts for a lifetime. Some people even think that education can start earlier. Some parents influence the growing fetus in the uterus through external words and music, and carry out prenatal education, hoping to give their children a positive and healthy development. ? Education? The word educare comes from Latin, which means? Lead out? . Society chooses talents according to their education level. People realize the change of social status through education. Education comes into being with the emergence of human society, develops with the development of society, and always accompanies human society. Scholars in different countries have different understandings of the definition of education. As Dewey in America said: Education is life. ? Spencer of Britain said:? Education prepares for future life. ? China's Li Zhuang thinks? Education is to force or guide the educated to accept specific knowledge, rules, information, skills and technologies. ?

The connotation of education

Education can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense. Education in a broad sense refers to all social practice activities that purposefully affect people's physical and mental development. Education in a narrow sense refers to specially organized education, that is, school education, which includes not only full-time school education, but also half-time and amateur school education, correspondence education, publishing education, radio schools and television schools. According to the reality and future needs of a certain society, it is an activity to guide the educated to acquire knowledge and skills, cultivate ideology and morality, develop intelligence and physical strength, follow the law of physical and mental development of the younger generation, train the educated to adapt to the needs of a certain society (or class) and promote social development.

The essence of education

(1) Connotation: The so-called essence of education refers to the fundamental feature that education, as a social activity, is different from other social activities, namely? What is education? problem It reflects the inherent stipulation of educational activities, that is, the fundamental characteristics of educational activities.

(2) Four views on the essence of education: superstructure theory; Productivity theory; Special category theory; Multiple attribute theory.

(3) The fifth view on the nature of education? Consciousness substitution theory? ：

In Tang Zhen's view, the essence of cultural education can be summarized as: teaching new individuals ways and means to deal with objects with the knowledge we have mastered about our objects and their relationships. It is a process in which one kind of consciousness changes another kind of consciousness. It is a process in which one kind of consciousness covers or even destroys another kind of consciousness in view of the collision, running-in, infiltration and change between consciousness, which may cause pain to individuals. Because any two individuals face different objects, there will be differences or conflicts in the consciousness gained from different objects, and the recipients of cultural and educational activities will have certain exclusion. In the real society, in order to weaken the rejection psychology of the recipients, first of all, educational activities are mainly carried out between the young and the old. Older people (or those who get knowledge first) generally live in the position of educators, while younger people (or those who get knowledge later) lack knowledge, like a whiteboard, so they are educated. The second is to induce through utilitarianism and other means. Like ancient times? Learning well is being an official? , today? Knowledge is wealth? With the call of educational goals, educational activities can be carried out normally.

On the substitution of consciousness, writer Sam Zhi said: We force children to memorize instead of imagination and creation, so we have more Yi Zhongtian and less Chen Jingrun, and even we can't pick a Chen Jingrun out of 10,000 Yi Zhongtian.

Cultural education changes the individual's choice direction by changing the individual's consciousness space. Through cultural education, human beings have increased the space of individual consciousness, thus finding a shortcut and teaching individuals the ways and means of choosing objects. The cultural achievements of human beings are attached to the individual's consciousness through educators, shaping new individuals and providing a perspective and microscope for the individual's future direction.

See Tang Zhen's acceptance and choice? Technology and culture have brought new directions? China social sciences press

(4) Human education is social and purposeful, which is essentially different from animal instinct education. The essence of human education is a purposeful social activity to cultivate people. Mainly manifested in the following three points. First, education is a unique social phenomenon of human beings. Second, education is to cultivate the educated consciously, purposefully and consciously. Thirdly, there is a relationship among educators, educatees and educational influence.

Function of education

What is the educational function, that is, the efficacy and role of educational activities? What is education for? problem The function of education can be roughly divided into personal development function and social development function. The individual development function of education can be divided into two aspects: the individual socialization function and the individual individualization function of education. The fields of social activities mainly include economy, politics and culture, so the social development function of education can be divided into economic function, political function and cultural function of education. The main functions of education are:

(1) The primary function of education is to promote individual development, including individual socialization and individualization;

(2) The most basic function of education is to influence the change of social talent system and economic development. Modern society emphasizes that the economic function of education mainly includes: providing a good background for the sustained and stable development of the economy; Improve the potential labor ability of the educated; Form ideas, attitudes and behaviors that adapt to modern economic life;

(3) The social function of education is to cultivate talents for the development of the country and serve the political and economic development of the country.

(4) The most far-reaching function of education is to influence the development of culture. Education should not only convey culture, but also meet the requirements of the continuation and renewal of culture itself.

What is education? At first glance, this question seems simple, but at an international education conference, Dr. Huang Quanyu, who was studying in the United States, asked a British educator, but there was no following. It can be seen that this problem is not that simple.

About the definition of education, Chinese and foreign educators, thinkers and some people have their own? Quotations? The essence here is as follows: Confucius: The way of university is to be moral, to be close to the people and to stop at perfection. ? Lu Xun:? Education is to cultivate people. ? Children's education is mainly about understanding, guidance and liberation. Cai Yuanpei:? Education is to help the educated develop their abilities, improve their personality and do their part in human culture, instead of making the educated a special tool. ? Tao Xingzhi: Education is based on life, for life? Life education? Cultivate people with action ability, thinking ability and creativity. Huang Quanyu: Education? The important thing is not to load the car, but to fill the tank with oil. ? Zhong Qiquan: Is education the foundation? Student development? With what? Character growth? The foundation of. Qin Wenjun:? Education should be a door, open it, full of sunshine and flowers, which can bring confidence and happiness to children. ?

The disadvantages of modern education

1, educational inequality, the opposition between elite education and mass education.

2. The sharp opposition between the ideal education of family and school and the realistic education of society.

3. Education under private ownership has not solved people's belief problems.

4. Examination-oriented education and social utility lead to the lack of spiritual level.

5. The paternalistic dictatorship of family education and related domestic violence make it impossible for educational science to be directly implemented in the family.

6. School education stifles students' personality and even deprives students of their freedom rights (such as falling in love), which is against human nature. Learning can't be combined with labor, but with exams.

7. The nature of social education has caused many social problems. Can not be effectively combined with school and family education, seamless convergence.

8. Educational industrialization (privatization) deprives teachers of themselves and seriously damages educational equality.

9. The teacher didn't really preach, teach and dispel doubts, and didn't really teach students in accordance with their aptitude.

10, the social function of education has nothing to do with the solution of other social problems such as aging.

1 1, quality education still needs to take measures to implement.