Tianjin, referred to as Tianjin for short, is a municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, a megacity, an economic center around the Bohai Sea, the first batch of coastal open cities, a national advanced manufacturing R&D base, a northern international shipping core area, a financial innovation operation demonstration area and a pioneering area for reform and opening up. Next, I will bring you the tour guide words of places of interest in Tianjin, hoping to help you.
Article 1: Hello, teachers! First of all, on behalf of all the staff of our Stone Travel Agency, I would like to extend a warm welcome to you and thank you for your support and trust in our travel agency. My name is Carving Time, and I am a tour guide of Stone Travel Agency. Please call me Xiao Liu. Sitting in the front driving seat is the driver of our team, Master Zhang. Master Zhang has rich driving experience, and I believe everyone will feel comfortable and safe along the way. Today, as a tour guide of our group, I feel honored to meet so many teachers and friends. If you have any difficulties and requirements during your trip, please ask me in time and I will do my best to serve you. I also hope that you can actively support and cooperate with my work. Here, I wish you all a pleasant journey, come here happily and return with satisfaction.
Today we will visit Panshan Mountain, which is located at the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain, 90 kilometers east of Beijing, at the intersection of Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan and Chengdu. Panshan Mountain was called Panlong Mountain, Sizheng Mountain and Endless Mountain in ancient times. So how did Panshan get its name? There are two sayings: First, Ji Zhizhen's "Yunshan Collection" in the Yuan Dynasty said: "Mr. Wang came from Qi in ancient times and lived in this mountain and became known as Panshan." The other is that Zhifu, a monk in the Qing Dynasty, said in Panshan Zhi: "Wei Tianchou lived here in seclusion, hence the name Tianpanshan. Today, it is said that Panshan is not called Pan Tian, but Lushan. "
Panshan is the famous first mountain in JD.COM, with five peaks, eight stones and three plates. The main peak is Yue Feng, with an altitude of 864.4 meters. In front of it is Zigai Peak, followed by Zilai Peak, Jiuhua Mountain in the east and Wu Jianfeng in the west. At the same time, it is especially famous for the loose victory in the upper plate, the stone victory in the middle plate and the water victory in the lower plate. Together, it is called "the best of three sets" and is known as "the scenery step by step and the scenery is classic". Emperor Qianlong visited Panshan Mountain many times and wrote a famous sentence "If I had known there was Panshan Mountain, why should I go to Jiangnan?".
After listening to the above introduction, I believe everyone has a general understanding of Panshan. What about Panshan? Please visit it yourself before making an evaluation. We have arrived at the parking lot of the scenic spot. Please remember that our car is Dabai Jinlong and the license plate is Jin A2345. The car stops on the left side of the parking lot. In the afternoon 1 we will still meet in the car. Please lock the window for the tourists by the window and take valuables with you. Please start getting off.
Now we have come to the entrance of the tourist area, where there is a tall three-hole archway engraved with "JD First Mountain". The cover is Essien Gioro Pu Zuo's Green Layers, and the back is Fan Runhua's Green Layers. Now let's go in and pass the three-hole mountain gate of the yellow tile red wall. On the oncoming boulder, there are four characters of "Three Episodes of Sunset Rain", which are five books written by Mao Chang, former vice mayor of Tianjin.
Let's go up the stone ladder path now. Let's slow down. Come here with me and look at this big stone. The word "winning" is written in five feet, which is powerful and powerful. It was written by Rong Lu, a great scholar of Wenhua Hall, Minister of Military Affairs in the late Qing Dynasty. Entering victory, entering victory means that we have begun to enter the scenic spot.
Go on, here are two lines of cliff lettering. One line is "Sizheng Gate Diameter", and Panshan is also called Sizheng Mountain, which means this is the gate that passes through Panshan. The other line is "singing into the valley", and singing refers to the sound of horses and chariots of the giants. There is a boulder not far from here. What is this? If you look at it in the past, you will know that this is the famous meta-gem. It is named because it is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and looks like an ingot. There are a few lines on it: "There are mountains, strange rocks and strange pines here." Further on, we can see Dashiqiao now. Emperor Qianlong had a rest here when he visited Panshan Mountain. Now I also invite you to have a rest here and have an emperor addiction. I'll tell you a story when we have a rest. One year, Emperor Qianlong came to Panshan and walked to Dashiqiao. Seeing that the scenery here is very good, he made a decree to rest and made a couplet casually: You visit Panshan for a few days, and Liu Yong hit your couplet: You visit Jehol and drink hot wine for a few days. As soon as Gan Long heard the Jehol, his face sank at once. It turned out that before this, Gan Long had been to Jehol to escape from the palace for the summer. At that time, there was a folk saying: the emperor's manor was really summer, but the people were in Jehol. When this word reached his ears, he naturally flew into a rage. Seeing this, Liu Yong quickly chimed in and said, "Long live, the scenery here is so beautiful. You make another couplet, so that everyone can be right. " So Qianlong's mood improved again, and he said a couplet: Bafang Bridge Bafang Bridge stands on Bafang Bridge and looks at the quartet. This stumped several ministers. Ji Xiaolan knelt down in front of Gan Long and blurted out, "Long live Grandpa, long live Grandpa." So emperor Qianlong was very happy after listening to it. He was very happy.
Well, after listening to this story, I had a rest. Please continue to follow me. Our next attraction is Tiancheng Temple, which is the key landscape of Panshan Scenic Area, also known as Tiancheng Fushan Temple, also known as Tiancheng Dharma. Well, now, we come to Tiancheng Temple, which was founded in the Tang Dynasty and has been expanded and rebuilt in Liao, Ming and Qing dynasties. Since Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, several generations of emperors have been to Tiancheng Temple, and Emperor Qianlong came the most often, and his double monk became a monk here. The "Tiancheng Temple" on the temple gate was mentioned by Qianlong. Before entering the temple gate, please look back at the building behind you-Sleeping Cloud Tower, two floors, six feet high, carved beams and painted buildings with high cornices. Very spectacular. Every rainy day, white clouds often walk through the valley, or hide or pass through the building, which is very interesting, hence the name Sleeping Cloud Tower. At the foot of the hill opposite the Woyun Building, there is a platform, which is a small stage website. In the past, when Emperor Qianlong was resting in Wo Yun, the Royal Troupe would perform on the stage.
Now, let's walk into Tiancheng Temple and the temple gate together. The first thing we saw was a panoramic view of the mountains and rivers. These five words were also mentioned by Emperor Qianlong. Please follow me this way, through the winding corridor, and we come to a high dam platform. The word "quiet" is engraved on the boulder lying on your back. On the east side of the main hall, there is also a tablet of Qianlong Imperial Monument, on which are poems written by him personally, such as You Panshan and Yong Panshan. Let's take a look at this ancient Buddha pagoda in the west. It has thirteen floors and an octagonal building, and its structure is exquisite. The bronze priest 104 hangs on the eaves on the 13th floor, resplendent and magnificent, and the mountain breeze is Xu Lai. The ancient Buddha Pagoda was built in Liao Dynasty and rebuilt in Ming Dynasty. It is now listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Tianjin.
Now, let's keep going up. Well, we came to Song Wan Temple, formerly known as Li Jing 'an, which was named to commemorate the residence of famous soldiers in the early Tang Dynasty. Song Wan Temple is a Buddhist temple. There used to be a Lv Zu Temple here. What's going on here? Originally, this Lvzu Temple was built to commemorate Lv Dongbin's appearance in the temple looking for water.
Well, we have visited all the main scenic spots here, and now everyone can move freely. You can take a break and eat something, or take photos as a souvenir, or continue to climb the main peak, but you must pay attention to safety and don't walk to see the scenery. Now it's dissolved. Don't forget the 1 parking lot at the foot of the mountain. We will meet on time. Our license plate is Jin A2345.
With the passage of time, our trip to Panshan today has come to an end. Thank you for your support and cooperation in my work. At the end of the day, I am very happy to get along with you. I really don't want to be apart from you. If there is anything unsatisfactory in my service today, please forgive me, and I hope you can give me more valuable advice. Looking forward to our next pleasant cooperation, I wish you good health, happy work and good luck in the future!
A list of places of interest in Tianjin (1)
Middle-upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section
The middle-upper Proterozoic stratigraphic section is located in the northern mountainous area of Jixian County in northern Tianjin. Exposed to the surface, well-preserved, simple in structure and continuously exposed, it extends from Changshan Village near Huangyaguan to Fujun Mountain in the north of Jixian County, with a total length of more than 20 kilometers. 1982, the state named it "Middle-Upper Proterozoic Strata Profile" (formerly known as "Sinian suberathem"). This section is 1 10,000 meters thick, and its geological age ranges from 65.438+0.95 billion years to 850 million years. The United Nations "Earth Science Union" chose the Middle-Upper Proterozoic standard strata in Jixian County as the world's important goal of Precambrian geological research.
National marine nature reserve
National marine nature reserves are located in Dongli, Jinnan, Dagang, Tanggu, Hangu and Ninghe in the east of Tianjin. The State Council replied in April 1993. Including the ancient marine relics with a total area of 200 square kilometers, 7,000 years ago-shell dike, oyster beach and Qilihai wetland ecosystem. Shell dike and oyster beach are ancient marine relics formed in specific environment for 7000 years. The four shell dikes in Tianjin are generally parallel to the current Bohai Bay, slightly half-moon-shaped, and run from west to east. Oyster beach is made up of oyster shells, which directly reflects the changes of ancient beaches. Qilihai Lake in Ninghe River is a typical lagoon wetland ecosystem, with vast waters, lush reeds and a wide variety of creatures. The scale of shell dikes, oyster beaches and coastal wetlands in nature reserves is rare in the coastal plains of the western Pacific Ocean, and it is also a rare and precious marine geological phenomenon in the muddy coast of the world. It has important scientific value for the study of paleogeography, paleoclimate, marine ecology, land and sea changes and other disciplines, and is an extremely precious natural marine museum.
Weifang site
Weifang Site Tianjin Cultural Relics Protection Unit. Weifang, Jixian County, located in the north of Tianjin. It is 70 meters long from north to south and 50 meters long from east to west. It is a cultural relic from primitive society to Shang and Zhou Dynasties and the earliest ancient cultural site discovered in Tianjin. The accumulation of Weifang ruins began about 6000 years ago and lasted for 3000 years. Its accumulation includes the remains of Neolithic culture and bronze culture in two historical periods. Neolithic remains are divided into two layers, the lower layer mainly unearthed black-gray pottery, close to Longshan culture. Among the remains of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there are houses, caves, pottery and bronzes. Triangular patterns appeared on pottery, which is a unique relic of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tang Dynasty.
Jugezhuang site
Jugezhuang Site Tianjin Cultural Relics Protection Unit. Located in Jugezhuang, Jinnan District, southeast of Tianjin. Therefore, there are giant clams, also known as giant clams. It is a coastline site dating from 3800 to 3000 years ago. The shell is 2.5 meters thick, about 5 kilometers long and more than 200 meters wide. There is an ancient cultural site with an area of hundreds of thousands of square meters, which is the earliest village site of the Warring States period discovered so far in Tianjin coastal plain.
West Diaoyutai Shell Tomb
Xidiaotaibei Tomb is located in the north of Xidiaotai Village, Jinghai County, southwest of Tianjin. Shell tombs are rare. The bottom of the tomb is paved with shells, and the walls are made of shells, and then they are barbecued with fire and covered with shells. The funerary objects include pottery ritual vessels, household utensils and bronze weapons, all of which are relics of the middle and late Warring States period. The discovery of shell tombs enriched the information of funeral customs in the Warring States period.
Bangjun Xizhou site
The site of Western Zhou Dynasty in Bangjun, a cultural relic protection unit in Tianjin. Located in Bangjun Town, Jixian County, northern Tianjin, with an area of about 60,000 square meters. This is the residence of the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and also the burial area from the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States Period. Pottery and bronze wares such as bronze ding engraved with "Stone Slag Ding" and reed engraved with "Gefu Ding" were unearthed.
Zhang Gui Zhuang Warring States Tomb
Zhang Gui Zhuang Warring States Tomb is located on the shell dike 2.5km south of Zhang Gui Zhuang, Dongli District, Tianjin. It was discovered in 1956. Two excavations were carried out and 33 tombs of the Warring States period were cleared. Among them, pottery, bronzes, ivory and crystals were found in tomb 18, which has the characteristics of Yan culture and belongs to the tombs of the early and middle Warring States period.
Tianzhuangtuo Pre-Qin Site
Tianzhuangtuo Pre-Qin Site Tianjin Cultural Relics Protection Unit. Located in Tianzhuangtuo Village, Ninghe County, northeast of Tianjin, with an area of 250,000 square meters. This is the earliest pre-Qin ancient site discovered in Tianjin coastal plain. Unearthed are red pottery with sand, gray pottery with tiles, ceramic spinning wheels, tiles and so on. More precious are "Half Liang" and "Yanming Knife" coins, bronzes and ironware.
Qin Cheng site
Qin Cheng Site Tianjin Cultural Relics Protection Unit. Located in the north bank of Chaobai River in Xinwutun, Baodi County, northern Tianjin. The site is generally rectangular, about 800 meters long from east to west and 600 meters long from north to south. The city wall is still there, but the southwest corner has been eroded by the Chaobai River. The wall is 5 meters high and 20 meters wide. The wall is rammed earth with a thickness of 10 ~ 20 cm. The city was abandoned at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. Most of the unearthed cultural relics are from the Qin and Han Dynasties, including stone axes, bronze swords and pottery fragments. More valuable are the bronze seal of Qin Tower, the bronze basin of Han Dynasty, and the pottery urn of "Dafu Prison". This site is one of the early city sites in Tianjin, located in Yongnu County, Western Han Dynasty.
Quanzhou ancient city
Tianjin cultural relics protection unit, Quanzhou ancient city. Located in Shang Cheng Village, Wuqing County, northern Tianjin. Quanzhou is in the west.
China cultural relics and historic sites
the Great Wall
The most famous nature is the Great Wall. This important military fortress in ancient China starts from Jiayuguan in Gansu Province in the west and ends at Shanhaiguan in Hebei Province in the east, with a total length of 1.27 Wan Li (6350km), so it is called "Wan Li Great Wall". If the Great Wall, which was built over 2000 years from 7th century BC to16th century, is "connected", its total length exceeds 65438+ million miles (5 kilometers), and it can circle the equator of the earth more than once.
Just as the pyramids are to Egypt, the Great Wall is a landmark historical site in China. China has a saying, "You are not a hero until you reach the Great Wall"; Tourists who travel around the world say that not looking at the pyramids means that they have never been to Egypt, and not climbing the Great Wall is like never seeing China.
imperial capital
Located in the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is a magnificent ancient palace complex. The wall around it is10m high, 760m wide from east to west and 960m long from north to south. Rectangular, with a total area of more than 720,000 square meters, there are 9,999 palaces and halls. It is the largest palace in the world.
For more than 500 years, 24 emperors of Ming (1368- 1644) and Qing (1616-1911) lived in the Forbidden City successively. Here, the palace is magnificent, the palace is deep, the red walls and yellow tiles are carved with beams and painted buildings; There are exquisite watchtowers with nine beams and eighteen columns in the four corners of the city. The Forbidden City is surrounded by a moat.
Enter Tiananmen Square and walk north for a while, which is the main entrance of the Forbidden City. The tall palace in the first half of the palace is the place where the emperor manages state affairs and receives civil and military ministers and foreign envoys. The harem is a small courtyard where the queen and concubines live; Finally, the imperial garden with exquisite layout.
Nowadays, every palace displays various facilities and appliances for the office and life of the Empress Dowager, and the treasures of various dynasties in the history of China are displayed in other specially designed palaces. A large number of treasures and cultural relics, together with the building itself, are a veritable museum.
In this huge palace inside the red high wall, I don't know how many thrilling court stories have happened for hundreds of years. The Oscar-winning film The Last Emperor filmed in the Forbidden City was based on the history of the late Qing Dynasty.
Temple of Heaven
The Temple of Heaven is a huge royal garden, built more than 500 years ago. Emperor China claimed to be the "son of heaven", and he personally presided over the annual ceremony. The Temple of Heaven is very large, with an area more than twice that of the Forbidden City. There are not many buildings in the park, and the core building is the Hall of Prayer for the New Year, which Kissinger admired. He recalled that when he first saw the Hall of Prayer for the New Year, he was so shocked that words could not describe the shock of that kind of beauty to his heart and he could not forget it for a long time. This is a circular hall with triple eaves, 38 meters high and 30 meters in diameter; The white circular abutment, dark blue glazed tile roof, scarlet columns, gold-plated paintings, and the huge gold-plated treasure roof at the top of the temple are really dazzling. Its ingenious pen is the tall and heavy triple-eaves temple roof, supported by 28 huge wooden columns and many interconnected wooden components. This is a typical beam-column frame building with unique wood structure system in China.
Another attraction of the Temple of Heaven is the Echo Wall. Inside the circular fence, two people stand on the wall roots on the east and west sides respectively. A person speaks softly to a wall, and sound waves keep reflecting and propagating along the wall. The other party can hear clearly against the wall. This is the ingenious application of acoustic principles by China people 500 years ago.
Terracotta army
In the 1970s, a large terracotta warrior buried 2,200 years ago was found near the Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Xi 'an, which immediately caused a sensation in the world and was called "the eighth wonder of the world" by international public opinion. Qin Shihuang (reigned before 22 1-209) was the first emperor in China to master centralization. Next to his mausoleum, there are thousands of painted terracotta warriors and horses as big as life, as well as various weapons used in actual combat at that time. Later, bronze chariots and horses and terracotta warriors and horses pits simulating wartime headquarters were discovered one after another, and tens of thousands of cultural relics were unearthed one after another. Terracotta warriors and horses with different shapes and vivid expressions line up like an army ready to go, with great momentum.
the Potala Palace
The most mysterious ancient building in China is the Potala Palace in Tibet. Located in the northwest corner of Lhasa, Maburi Mountain is the tallest and largest palace-style building complex in the world, which was founded in the 7th century. The building is 13 floors high and covers an area of 4 1 hectare. It is all made of granite and has 1000 palaces. The Dalai Lama lived, worked and presided over Buddhism in Potala Palace. The Dalai Lama's dormitory is at the highest place, and the sun shines all day, so it is called "Sunlight Temple". The stupa where the remains of the Dalai Lama in past dynasties were placed was also placed in the palace. Classrooms, Buddha statues, sculptures, murals and a large number of Buddhist classics and countless treasures collected in the palace all have high historical and cultural value. In recent years, the government has invested 53 million yuan to comprehensively repair the Potala Palace, making this famous ancient building brilliant again.
Dujiangyan irrigation system
Dujiangyan, built in Sichuan more than 2,200 years ago, is the earliest large-scale water conservancy project in the world. The most amazing thing is that it still works normally and benefits the people. The project divides the Minjiang River into two parts, which play the roles of flood discharge, irrigation and navigation respectively.
Ancient human cultural sites in China
Xihoudu Site is one of the typical representatives of the cultural remains in the early ape-man period in China. Located in the northwest corner of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province, 3 kilometers west of Hehe Site, Xihou du cun. Its geological age is about1800 thousand years ago in the early Pleistocene, and it is the earliest paleolithic cultural site in the Yellow River basin.
From 196 1 to 1962, the Shanxi Provincial Museum excavated the Xihoudu site twice, and unearthed a number of human cultural relics and vertebrate fossils. A batch of bone-burning materials were unearthed in Xihoudu, which pushed the history of human use of fire to more than one million years ago. At present, other countries in the world have not found such an ancient bone-burning. In addition, according to the unearthed vertebrate fossils, the vast majority of mammals at that time were grassland dwellers, including China long-nosed three-toed horse, Sanmen horse, Shanxi hairy rhinoceros, Bubugao antelope, Bubugao deer, Nama elephant and more than 20 species. It can be seen that the area around Xihoudu at that time should be a sparse forest grassland environment. Judging from the gill cover of carp, there are more than half a meter of carp here, so there should be a wide and deep stable water area near Xihoudu at that time.
Yinxu site in Anyang
Scholars from Anyang Team of Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences believe that the ruins of Yinxu in Anyang belong to the late Shang Dynasty. Hundreds of horse pits were found in a row on the northwest hill with a shovel. Through the excavation of some horse pits, it is confirmed that the number of horses buried in each pit is at least 1 and at most 37 horses. In the northeast of Xiaotun Village, a large number of sacrificial pits and five chariots and horses pits were found in the south of Site B 7 and the north and west of Site B 12. Sheep pits, cattle pits and dog and sheep burial pits were scattered in these sacrificial pits. More than 40 horns were found north of Baijiafen. Several cow heads were found in the north of the nursery. In addition, individual elephant pits, dog pits, bird pits and pits where young elephants and pigs are buried together have been found in other places.
The bronze casting site of Yin Ruins is located on the Huan River in the northwest suburb of Anyang, Henan Province, which is the capital site in the late Shang Dynasty. 1928 start digging. Up to now, more than 0/000 small and medium-sized tombs/kloc-have been excavated, and several chariots and horses pits have been excavated, including sacrificial pits in Hougang and Xibeigang, Oracle Bone Inscriptions pit in the south of Xiaotun, copper casting sites in the north of Nursery and Xiao Min Village, and large-scale building sites in the north of Xiaotun Village. On the west and south sides of the palace area of the ancestral temple in Xiaotun village, trenches communicating with Huan River bend were found, which is of great significance to the study of the layout of Yin Ruins. The research on the staging and dating of Yin ruins culture has also achieved fruitful results. In recent years, a large Shang Dynasty city site with an area of more than 4 million square meters has been discovered on the north bank of Huan River, which is slightly earlier than the remains of the late Shang Dynasty on the south bank of Huan River.
The site of Hougang Sacrificial Pit in Yin Ruins is located on the Huan River in the northwest suburb of Anyang, Henan Province, and it is the capital site in the late Shang Dynasty. 1928 start digging. Up to now, more than 0/000 small and medium-sized tombs/kloc-have been excavated, and several chariots and horses pits have been excavated, including sacrificial pits in Hougang and Xibeigang, Oracle Bone Inscriptions pit in the south of Xiaotun, copper casting sites in the north of Nursery and Xiao Min Village, and large-scale building sites in the north of Xiaotun Village. On the west and south sides of the palace area of the ancestral temple in Xiaotun village, trenches communicating with Huan River bend were found, which is of great significance to the study of the layout of Yin Ruins. The research on the staging and dating of Yin ruins culture has also achieved fruitful results. In recent years, a large Shang Dynasty city site with an area of more than 4 million square meters has been discovered on the north bank of Huan River, which is slightly earlier than the remains of the late Shang Dynasty on the south bank of Huan River.
Yin Ruins Jiagukeng site is located on the bank of Huan River in the northwest suburb of Anyang City, Henan Province, and it is the capital site in the late Shang Dynasty. 1928 start digging. Up to now, more than 0/000 small and medium-sized tombs/kloc-have been excavated, and several chariots and horses pits have been excavated, including sacrificial pits in Hougang and Xibeigang, Oracle Bone Inscriptions pit in the south of Xiaotun, copper casting sites in the north of Nursery and Xiao Min Village, and large-scale building sites in the north of Xiaotun Village. On the west and south sides of the palace area of the ancestral temple in Xiaotun village, trenches communicating with Huan River bend were found, which is of great significance to the study of the layout of Yin Ruins. The research on the staging and dating of Yin ruins culture has also achieved fruitful results. In recent years, a large Shang Dynasty city site with an area of more than 4 million square meters has been discovered on the north bank of Huan River, which is slightly earlier than the remains of the late Shang Dynasty on the south bank of Huan River.
Located on the Huan River in the northwest suburb of Anyang, Henan Province, the tomb site of Yinxu Wuguan Village is the capital site in the late Shang Dynasty. 1928 start digging. Up to now, more than 0/000 small and medium-sized tombs/kloc-have been excavated, and several chariots and horses pits have been excavated, including sacrificial pits in Hougang and Xibeigang, Oracle Bone Inscriptions pit in the south of Xiaotun, copper casting sites in the north of Nursery and Xiao Min Village, and large-scale building sites in the north of Xiaotun Village. On the west and south sides of the palace area of the ancestral temple in Xiaotun village, trenches communicating with Huan River bend were found, which is of great significance to the study of the layout of Yin Ruins. The research on the staging and dating of Yin ruins culture has also achieved fruitful results. In recent years, a large Shang Dynasty city site with an area of more than 4 million square meters has been discovered on the north bank of Huan River, which is slightly earlier than the remains of the late Shang Dynasty on the south bank of Huan River.
The second part: the tour guide words of Banpo cultural site, a scenic spot in Tianjin.
Shaanxi, located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. As early as ancient times, primitive humans thrived here, creating a rich and colorful prehistoric culture and leaving a rich cultural legacy for future generations. Over the past 40 years, cultural relics archaeologists have discovered thousands of Neolithic sites and tens of thousands of cultural relics in Shaanxi through a large number of investigations and excavations.
Banpo site is a typical Neolithic Yangshao cultural matriarchal clan settlement site in the Yellow River Basin, dating from 5600 to 6700 years ago. The site was discovered in the spring of 1953, covering an area of 50,000 square meters. From September of 1954 to the summer of 1957, the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences organized nearly 200 archaeologists to carry out five excavations, which lasted nearly four years, exposing the site area of 10000 square meters and obtaining a lot of precious scientific data. A total of 45 remains of houses, 2 fences, more than 200 caves, 6 pottery kilns, 250 tombs of all kinds (including adult tombs 174 and baby urns/coffins 73), and about 1 10,000 cultural relics such as production tools and household appliances were found.
Banpo Ruins Museum was built on the site of 1958. It is the first prehistoric site museum in China. In addition to building a cultural relic showroom, a protection museum was built in the original village residential area of 3,000 square meters. The houses, cellars, pits, collective cemeteries, various articles for production and daily use and other relics buried separately by men and women in Banpo site vividly show us the production and life of our ancestors during the prosperity of matriarchal society more than 6,000 years ago. It is of great scientific value to study the primitive social history of China. The museum was officially opened in April 1958, and has received more than 20 million Chinese and foreign tourists so far.
Banpo Site
The gate decoration with primitive village style, the stone carving of Banpo girl standing in a fish pond, and the four magnificent characters of "Banpo Ruins" inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo on the front of the ruins hall all add a kind of interest to the cultural atmosphere of Banpo Museum, making people feel the true feelings of returning to nature, history and art, which often makes many visitors linger.
Banpo site is divided into three areas: residential area, pottery-making area and tomb area. Residential areas are the main part of this village. Banpo people belong to the Neolithic age, and the tools used are mainly wood and stone tools. Women are the main productive forces of Banpo people, making pottery, spinning and raising livestock are all borne by them, while men are mostly engaged in fishing and hunting. The museum has three exhibition halls and a ruins hall. Here, you can not only see the simplicity of human childhood, but also find the hard footprints of Chinese ancestors.
Banpo matriarchal clan village is an organic extension of Banpo Museum. On the premise of actively protecting the site, it moves the precious heritage from the ground to the ground according to archaeological excavation data, and reproduces the matriarchal society of human beings in a three-dimensional way. It enriches the connotation of the museum, promotes the long cultural history of China, and brings together prehistoric art, customs, folk customs and rural life in the Yellow River valley. Give full play to the advantages of cultural relics, integrating scientific research, archaeology, teaching, tourism and entertainment, and be praised as "the first village in China" by Chinese and foreign tourists.
Banpo Museum was identified by 1996 as one of the national 100 demonstration bases for patriotism education, and was rated as one of the "Top Ten Tourist Scenery in Xi" by Xi Municipal Government 1997. Banpo Site is a national key cultural relic protection unit announced by the State Council.
Banpo museum
The exhibition area of Banpo Museum is about 4,500 square meters, which is divided into three parts: unearthed cultural relics exhibition, site museum and auxiliary exhibition.
The unearthed cultural relics exhibition consists of the first exhibition hall and the second exhibition hall. The two exhibition halls show the production tools and daily necessities excavated from the site. It can be divided into stone tools, bone tools and pottery. It mainly displays the production tools, daily necessities and works of art used by primitive ancestors unearthed from Banpo site and Jiangzhai site, including stone axe, shovel, knife, scraper, knocker, arrow, millstone, spinning fiber, bone awl, bone knife, bone needle, fishhook, harpoon, pottery bowl, pottery jar, pottery retort, sharp tip and so on.
A large number of painted pottery seen from Banpo site shows that the culture of this period is painted pottery culture. Some of his paintings are rich and vivid, some are mysterious, some have patterns, and they are mostly painted on pots, bowls, cans and small-necked pots. Paintings are mostly painted on the shoulders, abdomen and mouth of small mouthparts, straight mouthparts are mostly painted on the outer wall or the outer edge of the mouth, and large mouthparts are mostly painted on the inner wall. See more black, and a little red. Painting patterns are concise and can be divided into three categories: one is elephant patterns, such as fish, leisurely deer, foraging frogs and other animal patterns, and the other is plant patterns. These vivid patterns are closely related to the life of prehistoric people, and vivid animal and plant patterns reflect the life of farming, fishing and hunting. The second category is geometric patterns, such as triangles, checkered patterns and woven patterns. These patterns are mostly on the upper part of the outer wall of pots, cans, basins and cans. The outer edge of the spout of many pots is painted with wide black stripes. The inner wall is painted with painted pottery patterns of vessels with large mouths and shallow bellies, and the lips, shoulders and abdomen are painted with patterns of small mouthparts. Most of these parts are easy to see, and most of them are clear and have sparse strokes. These geometric painted pottery cultures were first discovered in Yangshao Village, Mianchi County, Henan Province, so Banpo site belongs to Yangshao culture in Neolithic age.
The hall of the site is 3000 square meters, which is a part of the original village. Its housing construction was semi-cave-style in the early days.
Bengbu shuangdun cultural relics
Shuangdun Site is the earliest Neolithic site discovered in Anhui Province, covering an area of about 65,438 02,000 square meters, about 7,300 years ago, 65,438 0.000 years earlier than Banpo Site and 300 years earlier than Hemudu Site. Precious cultural relics such as pottery figurines (heads), a large number of carved symbols, stone tools, mussels, bones, etc. have been found in the site, among which the carved symbols of double piers are recognized as one of the important sources of the origin of China characters. Shuangdun Cultural Heritage Park, with Shuangdun site and Shuangdun ancient tomb as the main body, is the basic point for Bengbu to determine the strategy of "building a city through culture".
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