After liberation, kindergartens were set up for preschool education from 1954. At that time, the county women's Federation and the county chief engineer jointly set up a kindergarten for the children of faculty and staff, with two classes, more than 65,438 children and 4 teachers. 1958, in order to facilitate the children of the masses to enter the park and expand enrollment, there were 4 parks 17 classes, with 569 children and 28 kindergarten teachers. 1963, due to the national economic adjustment, the enrollment was reduced to 7 classes, with 364 students enrolled; During the Cultural Revolution, preschool education was despised. At that time, there were only 2 kindergartens and 2 classes, 96 children and 5 teachers. Many children cannot receive preschool education. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, starting from 1980, some primary schools not only run kindergartens well, but also set up preschool classes to absorb six-year-old preschool children.
198 1 set up a county kindergarten leading group, headed by a deputy county magistrate, a leader of the county women's Federation and the Education Bureau in charge of preschool education, and a full-time preschool education counselor; Each township appoints a township cadre to be responsible for preschool education.
1985 in the spring, in addition to three public professional kindergartens and a nursery school, pharmaceutical factories, canneries, Xiaxiu sugar factories, cultural centers, Nanning Teachers College and other units set up their own preschool classes, as well as intellectual youths in Helong, Xingren and Xinjie streets set up their own family preschool classes. By the end of 1985, there were 52 classes, including 855 children and 74 teachers, including 8 employees. There are 32 preschool classes, 1468 children. 1980 to 1983. The local finance allocated 237,500 yuan to build the teaching building of Longzhou Kindergarten and Xinhua Kindergarten and the classrooms of Limin Kindergarten and County Nursery School, with a total area of 2,079 square meters. Teaching courses include language, computing, physical education, music, games, art and so on. Educate children to develop morally, intellectually, physically and aesthetically. 19 12 zhennandao middle school was founded as the first middle school in Longzhou county (formerly known as Tongfeng college), and was changed to the seventh middle school in the province in 9 years. Thirty years later, private Yuan Chun Middle School, Jinlong County Ethnic Middle School, Shang Jin County Ethnic Middle School and the Second Ethnic Middle School were successively opened (in 35 years of the Republic of China, it was moved from Lechang County, Guangdong Province to Longzhou). In 38 years, there were 36 classes in 5 middle schools in the county, 143 1 middle school students.
1949 65438+February, Longzhou County was liberated. The people's government accepted the former Guangxi Provincial No.7 Middle School, the Second Ethnic Expatriate Middle School and the First Junior High School in Jinlong County, with about 1.287 students (including high school students 1.28). 1950, secondary school adjustment. In July, the second junior high school in Jinlong County (Jinlong Junior High School) was established. In August, the Seventh Provincial Middle School and the Second Expatriate Middle School merged into "Guangxi Provincial Longzhou Middle School". In September, the second junior middle school enrolled two classes, 100 students. 1953, education rectification, enrollment changed from spring to autumn. 1954 There is a senior high school, 15 class, with 568 students, and two junior high schools, 15 class, with 759 students. That year, middle schools set up people's grants, expanded the enrollment of workers and peasants' children, increased education funds, built new school buildings, sent party member, the Communist Party of China, to move schools and strengthen leadership. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/956, the people's government allocated funds to establish the third junior high school in Jinlong county (that is, frozen junior high school). In that year, there were 1 complete middle schools, 3 junior middle schools, with 272 high school students and 229 junior high school students. From 65438 to 0958, inspired by the general line of "building socialism with all efforts, striving for the upper reaches, building socialism quickly, well and economically", eight full-time middle schools were established in the county. Among them, there are 3 public middle schools with 1463 students, and 5 private middle schools with 660 students. The county people's government put forward: "We should actively implement the policy of" running schools by the masses and work-study programs ". There are 24 agricultural middle schools in the county, with students 197 1 person, and 4,354 students (including 260 high schools) in the third-class middle schools. During the Great Leap Forward, students were suspended from classes to participate in steelmaking, which disrupted the teaching focus of the school. 1960 implements the policy of "consolidating, improving quality and developing moderately", and merges and adjusts agricultural middle schools that do not have the conditions for running schools. Accordingly, the fourth and fifth junior middle schools will be set up in Shuikou District on the border and Shang Jin District in remote mountainous areas. At that time, there were six ordinary middle schools in the county. Among them, there are complete middle schools 1 school and 5 junior middle schools. Agricultural middle school merged 12. 1962, the national economy implemented the eight-character policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement", and the Longzhou County People's Government put forward the instruction of establishing a teaching-oriented and comprehensive arrangement of school work order. According to the actual situation, Jinlongshan Middle School enrolls 50 senior middle schools, which can not only increase the enrollment quota, but also reduce the pressure in the county and take care of the children of farmers in mountainous areas to enter the school nearby. Due to the national economic difficulties, Shuikou Middle School and Shangjin Middle School were forced to close down. The county still retains Longzhou Middle School, Jinlong Middle School and Longzhou No.1 Middle School, with students 1826 (including 325 high school students). 1965 continue to implement chairman Liu Shaoqi's instructions on "two education systems and two labor systems". In addition to continuing to run agricultural middle schools, Longzhou County continues to compress ordinary middle schools and transform the original frozen agricultural junior middle school into the frozen agricultural school in Chenglong County. 1966 during the "four clean-ups" movement, Bajiao commune set up junior high schools to recruit students. In August, the county's primary and secondary schools launched the "Cultural Revolution", and most middle school students went out in series, divorced from the social revolution, and the school was forced to suspend classes. School leaders are criticized as "capitalist roaders", and 40% of teachers are impacted and excluded. The school is in anarchy. Books in the school library were burned as "poisonous weeds", and many valuable instruments and chemicals were stolen, resulting in heavy losses. It was not until April 1968 that the "Revolutionary Committee" in Longzhou County was established that the following emphasized the need to "resume classes and engage in revolution". The students have just returned to school. In August, Mao Zedong Si, a worker from Longzhou County, was sent to the school to take part in the school's rectification work. 1969 10, Longzhou county responded to the initiative of "princes" in Shandong province, and set up junior high schools in every village and senior high schools in social organizations. According to statistics, there are 1 county-run complete middle schools, 2 junior high schools, 5 community-run high schools, 2 complete middle schools, 1 junior high schools and 3 1 junior high schools attached to complete primary schools in the county. There are basically middle schools in rural areas, with 5436 students (including 459 high school students). 1970, proposed by the county revolutionary Committee; With the proposal of "learning from Tsinghua, catching up with Guiping and catching up with the educational revolution in our county", the number of county-run high schools has increased from 1969 to 7, and the number of junior high schools has increased from 2 to 6. High school students increased to 1028, and junior high school students increased to 5026. Because the establishment of ordinary middle schools has increased the number of students, and 50% of teachers are transferred from primary school teachers, many teachers are not qualified for middle school teaching. In addition, the school practices innovation, reforms old teaching methods, combines schools with social activities, and adopts the way of going out and inviting in to contact factories and rural areas. Students should learn to work, learn agriculture and learn the army. Invite old workers and poor middle peasants to the school to talk about factory history, village history and family history. Students are also organized to participate in various types of criticism meetings, and the quality of education has greatly declined. 1973 ~ 1976 in the first half of the year, education emphasized taking the "May 7th" direction and implementing "open school". The whole county has set off an upsurge of "learning from agriculture to catch up with agriculture" (that is, learning from the experience of Liaoning Chaoyang Agricultural College in transferring to the countryside). Middle schools have cultivated cassava and sugarcane in the mountains. Go to the hillside to run a farm and a branch school. Students take turns taking classes and working in branch schools. Some work rather than study. Most of the subjects taught in the classroom are to cultivate knowledge and give up the basic knowledge of the subject. The teaching quality is getting worse and worse. From 1970 to 1976, among the 200 freshmen selected by colleges and universities in the county, 18 are social intellectuals with junior high school education, and 7 have only primary school education. Four graduates from Wuquan High School in Shanglong Township were selected to be sent to a junior college for training. I was assigned to the junior high school in my hometown and was incompetent. Therefore, they have to transfer to primary schools to teach or change careers. Longshan Village, Shang Jin Township sent a semi-illiterate youth to a normal school for training. After studying for three years, he is still not qualified for primary school teaching, so the school has to assign some handyman.
After smashing the Gang of Four, he criticized its pernicious influence on the Party and socialism. The government rehabilitated teachers' false and wrongful cases, restored teachers' reputation, implemented policies, reassured teachers, and did its duty to revitalize Longzhou education. The normal teaching order of middle schools in the county has been restored, and the school spirit, teaching style and study style have been greatly improved. There are 14 ordinary middle schools in the county. Among them, there are 4 county-run middle schools and 9 community-run middle schools. Students 16 172 (including senior high school students 4 186). 1980 adhere to the rectification policy of "compressing senior high schools, adjusting junior high schools and strengthening primary schools". There are 4 high schools and 8 junior high schools in the county, and 6 1 primary schools with junior high schools are merged into 10. There are 9474 students in school (including 2869 in senior high school). From 198 1 to 1985, adhering to the principle of "adjustment, rectification, strengthening and improvement", Longzhou Middle School was changed into Longzhou Senior Middle School, with three complete middle schools and 12 junior middle schools. 1985 There were 9,796 students in the county (including high school students 1468), and the complete primary school of junior middle school classes was reserved, only the shipping primary school affiliated to the enterprise was reserved, with students 122. Longzhou County Academy, teachers are employed by wealthy families in various towns and villages. People from counties such as Bagong, Juren, Xie Yuan and Yusheng gave lectures for the Academy.
In the late Qing Dynasty, the government appointed the official school inspectors, and the teachers were hired by the inspectors.
During the Republic of China, middle school principals were nominated by the provincial education department and reported to the provincial government for approval and appointment, while principals of central ethnic schools and ethnic basic schools were nominated by the county education department and reported to the county government for approval and appointment. Primary school teachers are usually employed by principals for half a year or a year. Those who are hired should hand in their inspection certificates and send them to the county for inspection and printing. Those who pass the examination will be hired.
In 37 years, there were 48 junior high school teachers, 9 senior high school teachers/kloc-0, 28 senior primary school teachers and 39 junior primary school teachers/kloc-0. There are 286 faculty members in the county.
After liberation, the Party and the people's government attached great importance to the development of education. In accordance with the principle of "maintaining the status quo and starting school immediately", the county people's government will retain all the original teachers in schools before liberation to ensure the needs of various schools.
195 1, the county people's government stipulates the appointment of teachers: "All young people with new-democratic revolutionary ideas in universities, high schools, junior high schools or equivalent qualifications who are interested in educational supervision workers are welcome to participate in educational work." Since then, the state has distributed graduates from secondary and higher normal colleges year by year, and absorbed educated youth and retired soldiers with certain educational level and teaching ability from the society to enrich the teaching staff. 197 1 year later, with the continuous development of education, the increase of schools and the shortage of teachers, 766 young intellectuals who went to the countryside and returned home were selected as private teachers. After 1979, the unjust, false and wrong cases were corrected, 18 1 The primary and secondary school teachers who were wrongly treated in the "anti-rightist" and "Cultural Revolution" were rehabilitated, the unjust cases were corrected and their work was recovered. 1979 to 1980 according to the instructions of the central government on the conversion of private teachers in frontier areas into public teachers, 783 private teachers in the county passed professional assessment and cultural examination and became public teachers.
By the end of 1985, there were 2060 public primary school teachers and 365 middle school teachers in the county, 7.2 times the number of teachers in 1949. 3.3% of the teachers in 1964 have university diplomas; 1985 accounts for 10.4% of the number of teachers. Graduated from high school or normal college, 1964, accounting for18.6%; 1985 accounted for 40.2%.
Since the reorganization of teachers in 1954, party committees and governments at all levels have strengthened their leadership over schools and implemented the intellectual policy. According to 1985 statistics, there are five township education counseling stations and schools that have established the general party branch; There are 14 1 schools that have established party branches. There are 527 teachers in the county, accounting for 22.5% of the total number of teachers. Communist Youth League members 179 people. Five teachers were elected as county-level people's representatives, and seven were elected as county leaders, serving as members of county committees, deputy directors of county people's congresses and vice-chairmen of county CPPCC. 99 students were rated as advanced workers, model teachers and class teachers in counties, districts, autonomous regions and the whole country. 1985 The county's teachers' professional titles were evaluated, with 26 senior middle school teachers and 33 first-class middle school teachers 133. Obtained 296 senior primary school teachers.
In the early days of liberation, teachers in the county implemented the division of labor responsibility system. During the wage reform from 65438 to 0956, primary and secondary school teachers were assessed according to their positions, work experience, educational level and teaching level. From 1963 to 197 1, the state adjusted the salaries of primary and secondary school teachers twice. 1977 promoted 60% of teachers. 1979, 40% of teachers were promoted. 1982, teachers generally got a raise. Since 1985, teachers have not only basic salary, but also seniority allowance and technical allowance. After several consecutive salary adjustments, the salaries of primary and secondary school teachers have been greatly improved. 1985, the total salary of primary and secondary school teachers in the county was 295 10000 yuan, the highest monthly basic salary of primary school teachers was 1 19 yuan, and that of middle school teachers was 1 19 yuan.