1 Make full use of feedback information and reward and punishment properly. Feedback is to let students know their learning results in time. Feedback can strengthen students' learning motivation in time and space, and has obvious influence on learning effect. Through feedback, on the one hand, students can know the effect of their own learning in time, and then adjust their learning activities and improve their learning strategies according to the feedback information; On the other hand, knowing their own learning results will stimulate further study, and students will enhance their learning motivation in order to make greater progress or avoid making mistakes again, thus maintaining their initiative and enthusiasm in learning.

Teachers should provide students with clear and specific feedback, so that students know what to do next. Feedback should be frequent and timely. Timely feedback can let students know what is the correct way to stimulate their self-motivation; Regular feedback will stimulate students' desire to study better and make them make the greatest efforts.

Teachers should also reward and punish students according to their specific conditions, and regard rewards as some kind of information that implies success. Reward itself has no value, but is only used to attract students' attention, promote students to change from external motivation to internal motivation, and make students interested in the learning task itself.

2. Actively create problem situations to stimulate and maintain interest in learning. Problem situation refers to a difficult learning situation that students need to overcome. The problem situation is a moderately difficult situation.

3. Instruct students to return to reality actively and enhance their expectation of success. Reasonable attribution can improve self-confidence and persistence, while wrong attribution will increase inferiority and self-abandonment.

Cultivate self-efficacy and enhance students' confidence in success.

(1) Choose tasks with moderate difficulty, so that students can continuously gain successful experience and improve their sense of self-efficacy.

(2) Let students observe the successful learning behavior of students whose learning ability is similar to their own, and improve their sense of self-efficacy by gaining alternative experience and reinforcement.

(3) Guide students to face the failure calmly, find out the factors that can be improved from the failure, and then improve their learning skills and enhance their confidence in success.

Teachers should play a leading role and become the driving force of learning.

(1) Understand the needs and interests of each student, so as to provide students with personalized guidance.

(2) Urge students to be responsible for their own study and actively participate in their study life.

(3) Teachers should create a learning atmosphere of safety, mutual trust and mutual support, and show sincere concern and acceptance for every student.

This is an authoritative answer. I am a senior majoring in applied psychology.