The following are the standard paper formats:
1, title of paper format: (signature attached below) Requirements are accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2, the paper format directory
A table of contents is a short list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)
3. Summary of paper format:
It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and concise content. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. Key words or subject words in the paper format
Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".
Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).
5. Text format of the paper:
(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction generally outlines the author's intention, explains the purpose and significance of the topic, and points out the writing scope of the paper. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.
(2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:
A. Questions-arguments;
B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments;
C. problem solving-demonstrating methods and steps;
D. conclusion.
6. Paper format references
Thesis references are the main documents that can be referenced or cited in research and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should be marked on a new page in accordance with GB77 14-87.
English: Title-Author-Publication Information (Edition, Publisher, Publication Date)
English: Author-Title-Publication Information
The requirements of the listed reference documents are:
The references listed in (1) should be official publications for readers' textual research.
(2) The listed references shall be marked with serial numbers, titles of works or articles, authors and publication information. Example: Wang Li, experimental school in Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, Henan Shangqiu 20 10-06-0 1 Composition teaching is an indispensable part of Chinese teaching, the main position of cultivating students' Chinese quality, a manifestation of students' knowledge, experience and emotion externalization, and a process of knowledge reorganization and innovation. Therefore, it is a fertile ground for cultivating students' innovative ability in composition teaching and cultivating students' interest in writing in life. In view of the present situation of composition teaching, how to guide students to be unique in composition and cultivate their interest in writing? 1 Imitation examples stimulate writing interest. In the practice of composition teaching and training, imitation can be adopted. Teachers can provide some imitated sentences and articles for students to taste and appreciate first, and then learn to write and imitate, so as to achieve the purpose of imitation. This method can help some students overcome the problems of boring language, lack of vividness, chaotic paper layout and so on, and improve their writing ability. Therefore, strengthening the training of imitation writing at ordinary times can achieve vivid goals. For example, (1) imitate the following sentence and write a sentence with similar structure, rich content and certain philosophy. Although bees and butterflies are flying among the flowers, one is creating and the other is killing. Creators give life sweet honey, while wastes leave a pile of useless rubbish. Philosophers and mediocrities live in the world, but one is thinking and the other is wasting time. Thinkers leave mankind with the crystallization of wisdom, while wastes leave a series of messy footprints. (2) Write two sentences after the following sentences to form a parallelism sentence. Love is a piece of sunshine shining in winter, which makes poor and sick people feel the warmth of the world; Love is the sweet spring flowing in summer, nourishing the dry-hearted people. Love is an angel flying in the world, so that the suffering people can get happy care; Love is a calm and safe harbor, so that people who have experienced the storm can find the warmth of home; Love is an oasis in the desert, which makes people trapped in hunger and thirst see the dawn of life. After repeated sentence and paragraph imitation training, students' fear of writing will be eliminated and their writing ability will be as smooth as that in poetry. Step into life and cultivate students' keen insight. The world is rich and colorful, and social life is varied. There are countless things that can touch our feelings and make us resonate. However, while writing, some students are thinking hard and racking their brains. They always feel that there is nothing to say, nothing to do, and even complain about the monotony of life. In fact, "a flower, a world, a tree and a bodhi", there are a lot of wonderful and interesting things happening around us every day in life. As Russell said, "life is not a lack of beauty, but a lack of eyes to find beauty." Yes, only when we have a unique vision and keen insight can we discover its potential significance, seize the opportunity and write new articles. For example, Zhu Ziqing focused his writing on his father's "Back", thus writing a well-known masterpiece "Back"; Lu Xun showed us a charming paradise with his unique brushwork in Herb Garden. After driving on the Loess Plateau, Mao Dun integrated the unyielding poplars with the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians in the north, showing us the spirit and significance of the Chinese nation. In fact, as long as we carefully observe life, we can find its unique side from some seemingly ordinary and simple things, so we won't worry about cooking without rice when writing, and the articles we write will be innovative. Stimulate students' bold imagination and cultivate students' divergent thinking. At present, students' compositions are seriously patterned. An important reason for this situation is that our students lack imagination, especially creative imagination. Writing a composition, only writing what you have observed, often makes people feel that there is no flesh and blood. "Imagination is the wing of composition", and composition cannot be separated from imagination. Imagination can transform and combine the representations in memory, create new images, fill the author with thoughts and imagination, enrich the content of the article, make the form of the article more diverse, and make the theme of the article more profound and extensive. Articles without imagination are boring. Therefore, in composition training, we should make full use of the visualization of thinking, guide students to be bold in innovation and imagination, and thus guide composition. For example, on the basis of inspiring students to observe carefully, guide students to ask "what is this like?" "Looking at these, what kind of pictures will appear in front of you?" Wait for questions. Encourage students to proceed from practical things, from this to that, shape images, develop reasonable imagination and cultivate students' innovative thinking. For example, a student wrote in his composition: "Peach blossoms are full of trees, ah! This is so beautiful! This is a peach tree composed entirely of fragrant flowers. Flowers are like small flames, among green leaves, like shining red stars. " The authors of these descriptions pay attention to observation, grasp the characteristics of things, develop a reasonable imagination, and make readers immersive, such as seeing the scenery, which shows the sparks of students' innovative thinking and cultivates students' innovative thinking. When instructing students to write, students must master these rules in order to write good articles with aura, cultivate their imagination, soar freely in the vast life sky and reach a broad writing realm. Divergent thinking is the most important quality of people engaged in creative work. The multi-angle nature of divergent thinking fundamentally changes people's perspective of observing problems. Without divergent thinking, you will be stuck in a rut, stuck in a rut and difficult to innovate, and your writing talent and nature will be stifled. Moreover, innovative thinking is fluid, requires flexibility and eclecticism, and cannot be separated from divergent thinking. For example, when guiding students to write a composition on the topic of "door", they can be guided to divergent thinking. You can write tangible doors, such as doorways, school gates and city gates. ; Can write invisible doors, such as the door of science, the door of soul, the door of heaven and so on. ; You can write about the world inside the door or the world outside the door; You can write the meaning of opening or closing the door; We can feel and gain from the small things around us, express our views through the connection between the door and historical facts, and explain our philosophy through the natural attributes of the door. In short, as long as we dare to practice, explore hard and let students find fun in writing, composition teaching will be full of vitality. As a Chinese teacher, we should try our best to arouse students' interest when they encounter difficulties in writing, and help them light the torch of innovation after igniting the spark, so as to really improve their writing level.