The first is to encourage and reward private capital to run industries. 1September, 903, the imperial court set up the Ministry of Commerce, with Zaizhen, a royal aristocrat who was sent to Britain, France, the United States and Japan the year before last, as the minister of history, and industry, mining and railways were under the management of this department. The second is to abolish the imperial examination system, set up schools and advocate studying abroad. 190 1 year, the Qing court ordered the academies at all levels to be changed into university halls, middle schools and primary schools respectively, and introduced new education. 1904 65438+ 10, Zhang Zhidong and others formulated and passed the school charter, which divided general education into primary education, secondary education and higher education. This is the modern "Guimao academic system". Starting from 1906, the imperial examination will be stopped and talents will be selected and trained from schools. China continued the imperial examination system of 1000 years, and it was over. The third is to reform the political and military systems. 1903 12, the Qing court set up a training office, with Premier Yi Kuang as the minister of training affairs and Yuan Shikai as the conference office, and Yuan Shikai actually held the power of training. In practice, the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty was a continuation of the New Deal of 1898. This is a preventive and remedial measure, without touching the old feudal forces. To some extent, this is a manifestation of the Qing court's pleasing to the western powers.