The teaching methods that should be adopted in the teaching of art courses in senior high schools seem simple to say, but not easy to do. The correct teaching method is based on the teaching method, which is both related and different. To solve the problem of teaching methods, we must first study teaching methods. Professor Yin has a very incisive metaphor: the way is the basket and the method is the fruit in the basket. In other words, all kinds of fruits in the basket are methods, and anyone can take them, but it is different whether the fruits are put in the basket or in the bag, because the teaching methods are different. Different teachers in the same class have different effects, because the teaching methods adopted are different. Therefore, teachers should fully study teaching before class and adopt appropriate teaching methods. While adopting teaching methods, teachers should pay attention to guiding students to develop their perceptual comprehensive ability and pay attention to experience and perception.
When choosing the "basket" of teaching methods, teaching methods are all kinds of fruits, which can be freely matched and combined to choose the appropriate teaching methods. Art teaching method is the general name of a series of interactive activities taken by teachers and students in the teaching process to complete the teaching task of art discipline and realize the teaching objectives. Teaching methods play an important role in achieving teaching objectives, and good teaching methods can effectively improve students' learning efficiency. Teaching methods are not only related to the improvement of students' learning quality and artistic ability, but also to the growth of students' personality. Therefore, it is extremely important for teachers to study teaching methods. In the new curriculum reform, the teaching methods of high school art courses mainly include the following:
(A) mainly to explain the language
1, explaining the teaching methods.
Explaining teaching method is a teaching activity method that teachers transmit information and knowledge to students through language description, explanation and explanation, and it is the general name of teaching methods such as telling, explaining and giving speeches. It is a basic teaching method that must be adopted in art appreciation teaching. We should learn the basic concepts, principles and laws of art. Explaining teaching method is an important method for art teachers. While using other teaching methods, it is also indispensable to cooperate with the explanation teaching method. As we all know, language is the main means of human communication, and people mainly rely on language to transmit information and exchange emotions. Teachers' "teaching" and students' "learning" are information transmission and emotional exchange. Without "oral communication", there is no "heart-to-heart communication". Therefore, to be an excellent teacher, good language skills are extremely important.
2, conversation question and answer method
Question-and-answer method is a teaching method in which art teachers ask students questions according to the teaching needs and students' learning situation, and ask students to answer or ask questions to ask teachers to solve doubts, so that students can acquire new knowledge and consolidate old knowledge through correct answers. It is an interactive teaching method between teachers and students in the classroom. Interactive teaching embodies the teaching concept of student-oriented and student-centered. It is a kind of classroom organization form deeply loved by students and has incomparable advantages over traditional teaching mode. By asking and answering questions, students can concentrate, listen attentively and think positively, which can stimulate students' directional deep thinking, cultivate students' independent thinking ability, improve students' ability to use existing knowledge to acquire new knowledge or solve problems, and also improve students' language expression ability, which is conducive to teachers' understanding of students' knowledge and blending teachers' and students' emotions. This is also a common teaching method for teachers in art appreciation teaching.
Step 3 discuss learning methods
Discussion learning method is to exchange and discuss information under the guidance of teachers, so as to acquire knowledge and enlighten wisdom. This discussion is not only between students, but also between teachers and students. The highest level of discussion is that the discussion has happened without feeling, and the teacher should design the discussion skillfully. Students are the masters of learning. Students' learning activities are not a passive process, but a learning process of active participation. Only by actively participating in the discussion can students' learning enthusiasm and initiative be fully mobilized. Students can actively think, debate and argue in the discussion, express their opinions and inspire each other, which not only deepens the understanding of knowledge, but also improves students' interest in learning, enlivens the classroom teaching atmosphere, and can also train students' quick thinking, oral expression and artistic imagination, and cultivate students. Therefore, in the teaching of art appreciation in the new curriculum, discussion should be used more to give students more opportunities for autonomous learning.
(2) Based on intuitive images.
1, performance demonstration method
Performance demonstration method is a demonstration operation conducted by teachers in art appreciation class with the help of explanation teaching method and question-and-answer method. By letting students watch the teacher's demonstration operation, students can gain knowledge and understanding of teaching skills through intuitive images. It is not enough to explain many knowledge and skills in art teaching only by language. Students must obtain intuitive visual information by means of performance and demonstration, and the knowledge of painting brushwork, techniques, color matching and so on must be solved through performance and demonstration, through which students can see at a glance immediately. The teacher's performance and demonstration process is very attractive to students, which stimulates students' interest in learning and makes them have a further understanding of knowledge.
2. Appreciation and understanding method
The Art Curriculum Standard for Ordinary Senior High Schools clearly points out in the Basic Concept of the Curriculum that students should be more widely exposed to excellent Chinese and foreign art works, broaden their artistic horizons, tap humanistic connotations and improve their ability of identification and judgment. Therefore, the most common teaching method in art appreciation teaching is for teachers to let students appreciate classic art works and masters' art and taste the beauty of art through wall charts, slides, television and multimedia according to actual needs. In art appreciation, when students watch works of art, their initial feelings are often an important basis for obtaining aesthetic feeling. Appreciating works of art by first impression is really limited by knowledge and experience, but it can really help students understand what they have learned, appreciate the characteristics of art forms, know the rules of forms and superb means of expression, which is also very helpful to teaching, thus inspiring creativity and broadening artistic horizons. At the same time, when appreciating works, it is not a comprehensive introduction and evaluation of art works, but an appreciation activity around the key points in line with the teaching content of each course. Students are required to fully preview before class, use the library and network to find and collect relevant materials, so that students can have a complete understanding of what they have learned and enjoy the aesthetic feeling, and then better complete the teaching purpose of appreciation through the cooperation of teaching.
3. Situation creation method
In the teaching of art appreciation, in order to deepen the theme and highlight the distinctive characteristics of the times and nationality of the works to be appreciated, we can create background situations with the help of music, literary stories and film and television works for works of art, artists and artistic phenomena, or we can directly perform on the stage to increase students' interest in learning, mobilize students' enthusiasm for learning, help students to deeply experience art, stimulate their imagination, infect their emotions and cultivate their innovative ability. For example, when appreciating "Han Xizai's Night Banquet", the teacher plays pipa, dance music, light music, flute and flute ensemble with music according to the contents of five pictures, and also lets the students take the stage to play the roles in the pictures and taste the charm of art.
(3) Based on practical training.
Appreciation should combine painting and craft. In appreciation class, don't just look at the works and talk about the theory. Under the guidance of teachers, students can do some exercises such as creation, design and production, focusing on students' independent hands-on exercises, and carry out practical hands-on training through copying, sketching, dictation, creation, design and production. Enable students to gain aesthetic experience, deepen their understanding of art, and master some techniques and artistic creation ability. In fact, art classroom teaching should have a lot of time to practice under the guidance of teachers. Art learning is individual, and the expression of art can not be separated from individual feelings and ideas. Teachers' guidance is the training of students, with targeted training in observation ability, modeling techniques, thinking in images, artistic creation and practical tools and materials. In a word, it is the training of students' eyes, hands and brains. In the training of students, teachers should make full preparations for guidance, put forward clear practice objectives for students, clearly explain the methods and steps of operation, and let students practice step by step, thus achieving the real learning purpose of art appreciation class.
The purpose of high school art teaching is not to train all students to be artists, but to improve students' comprehensive quality and artistic taste, and to improve students' aesthetic interest and artistic sensitivity through art teaching. With the development of teaching reform, the theory and system of art education are constantly changing, which puts forward higher requirements for art teachers in senior high schools. Under the premise of grasping the curriculum standards and keeping the current college entrance examination unchanged, it is necessary to study the teaching methods of high school art courses in order to achieve the purpose of high school art course teaching and play its due role in social development.