Teaching objectives:

1. Know five new words such as "four" and "land" and write seven new words such as "four" and "listening".

2. Read the text correctly and recite the text.

3. Be able to understand the main idea of the text with the help of notes and tell stories in your own words.

4. Can initially feel the characteristics of classical Chinese, and simply tell the difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese.

Teaching focus:

1. Be able to read the text according to the rhythm of classical Chinese, pay attention to the pause between words and recite the text.

2. Combine notes, contact the context, understand the meaning of the sentence, understand the content of the text, and initially feel the simplicity of classical Chinese.

Teaching difficulties:

Grasp the verbs in the article, understand what happened, and appreciate the beautiful qualities of Sima Guang, such as intelligence, wit, calmness and caring for his companions.

Class arrangement:

2 class hours

teaching process

First of all, show materials and learn about ancient Chinese.

Lead: Students, before the new lesson begins, the teacher wants the students to read such a set of sentences first.

1. Show group sentences to guide students to feel the difference between classical Chinese and modern Chinese.

(1) Learning without thinking is useless (w m 4 n ɡ), thinking without learning is dangerous (dài).

(2) see xian Si Qi Yan, see xian Si Qi (xǐnɡ) also.

2. Students try to read sentences and talk to each other about the differences between the above sentences and modern Chinese.

Default: not very easy to read; I know each word separately, and I don't know what it means to form a sentence; This is different from the way we usually speak ...

3. The teacher demonstrates reading and the students follow.

4. The teacher briefly explains the meaning of the sentence and summarizes it.

(1) Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." The meaning of this sentence of Confucius is that if you read blindly without thinking, you will not be able to use the knowledge in books reasonably and effectively, because you will not be able to deeply understand the meaning of books and even be confused. And if it's just a dream, if you don't really study and study, you will only build a tower on the sand and get nothing.

(2) "See the sage Si Qi how, see the sage and introspect" comes from The Analects of Confucius. It means that several people are together, and there must be one.

A person is a person who can learn, choose his strengths to learn;

When you see a man without virtue, you should reflect on whether there are any mistakes like him.

Summary: A language like this is called "Classical Chinese". Xx written in classical Chinese is called "classical Chinese". Classical Chinese is the written language of ancient China, the source of modern Chinese and a treasure in the language treasure house of our motherland.

5. Show the topics and guide the students to review the legendary stories they know.

Transition:

Today, we are going to learn a classical Chinese article Sima Guang. Have any of you heard the story of Sima Guang smashing a jar? (Students raise their hands to speak) In the Song Dynasty, when a child was playing with children, one of the children accidentally fell into the water tank.

The child used his quick wits to lift a stone and smash the water tank, saving the child who fell into the water. This child is Sima Guang. This story is "Sima Guang smashed the jar". This is a historical story, recorded in ancient history books. Because the ancient written language is somewhat different from our modern language, all the stories you may have read are translated in modern Chinese.

The text we are going to learn today is the story of Sima Guang smashing a jar in ancient written language. So, what's the difference between ancient written language and our modern Chinese? Let's go to the text learning experience together.

Second, read the text for the first time and check the preview.

1. Students look at the topic together and know the compound surname "Sima".

Thinking: What other compound surnames do you know? (The lens shows that the courseware introduces ancient celebrities) Presupposition: Dong Fangshuo, Ouyang Xiu, Sima Qian, Sima Xiangru, Zhuge Liang, Nalan Xingde, Weichi Gong, Huang Fusong, Shangguan Waner. ...

2. Show the courseware and introduce Sima Guang.

Sima Guang (10 19— 1086), a native of Su (Si), Xia County, Shaanxi Province, was a politician, historian and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He served as a senior official in the four dynasties of Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong, and was named Taishi and Wenguogong after his death. Posthumous title is Zheng Wen. Sima Guang is gentle and modest, upright and upright. He works hard and diligently, boasting that "the day is insufficient, and the night follows." His personality is a model of practicing Confucianism and has always been admired by people.

In Song Shenzong, Sima Guang left the court for opposing Wang Anshi's political reform. It took him 15 years to compile Zi Tongzhi Jian, the first chronological general history in the history of China.

3. Students read the text, correct pronunciation and sentences by themselves.

Transition: A great man always shows his uniqueness in his childhood. In this lesson, let's walk into the text and see what kind of child Sima Guang was when he was a child. Please read the text freely, pay attention to the correct pronunciation, and read the sentences as smoothly as possible.

4. Teachers check the effect of self-reading, guide students to remember new words and read the text aloud.

(1) express the new words in pinyin, and the teacher will guide the pronunciation and font discrimination.

There are cracks in the horse's yard.

(2) Guide classified literacy.

Radical classification:

G: family-shoulder (shoulder)-seat-bed (sheet)

Feet: fall (fall)-run (run)-jump (high jump)-road (path)

(3) Words should be pinyin-free, read by name, read by train and read together.

(4) Call the roll to ask students to try to read the text, challenge them to read the text word by word, and guide them to know polyphonic words.

Polysyllabic words:

No mi (submerged, sunk, confiscated) mi (no, no one, no time)

Get d (get, know, be proud of) d di (lose, you have to go)

De (want, great)

(5) Teachers demonstrate reading, students follow and read accurately.

A group of children/playing in court, a child/climbing the urn, falling/not falling/in the water. People/all gave up, just/holding the stone/smashing the urn/breaking it, the water burst, and the child/came alive.

(6) Listen to the audio reading aloud and read together.

Third, reread the text, the overall perception

1. Show learning needs and guide students to explore independently.

(1) Reference notes, read by since the enlightenment. With the help of reference books and notes on books, put the meaning of keywords into sentences and try to figure out the meaning of sentences. Mark what you don't understand and discuss with your classmates next.

(2) Group cooperation and learning from each other. Discuss sentence by sentence, talk about your understanding of each sentence separately, and leave any doubts or differences for collective discussion.

2. Demonstration and classroom communication.

(1) Select representatives from each group to report the meaning of the text. Listen and think together to see which group understands better.

(2) Name the students and tell them which group they like. The teacher makes it clear that the meaning of each sentence is not exactly the same. As long as the main meaning remains the same, the meaning of important words can be said.

3. Guide students to divide the story into different levels according to the cause, process and result.