A: First, strengthen government responsibility. It is clear that the object of supervision and evaluation is local governments at all levels, and the government is required to be the "first responsible person" to promote the balanced development of compulsory education. Urge the government to earnestly perform the duties of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education in national laws, regulations and policies.
The second is to pay attention to practical results. The evaluation is mainly based on the result evaluation, that is, focusing on the inter-school gap of compulsory education schools in the county. At the same time, evaluate the government's work in promoting the balanced development of compulsory education, and guide the government, especially the county-level government, to actively and evenly allocate the resources of compulsory education schools.
The third is to actively respond to social concerns. Combine administrative evaluation with the actual feelings of the masses, and take public evaluation as an important reference for evaluation. Strive to narrow the gap between schools, promote educational equity, and respond to social concerns.
What are the main contents and standards of the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education?
A: The main contents of the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education can be summarized as: a threshold, two contents and a reference.
A threshold is the evaluation of basic school-running standards. Before evaluating a county, it is required to evaluate whether the schools in the compulsory education stage under its jurisdiction meet the basic school-running standards of this province. Counties that meet this condition are eligible for balanced supervision and evaluation.
The two contents are the core contents of balanced supervision and evaluation, including the evaluation of the gap between schools in the county compulsory education stage and the evaluation of the county government's efforts to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.
Inter-school gap assessment is to calculate the comprehensive difference coefficient between primary schools and junior high schools according to eight indicators: the average area of teaching auxiliary rooms, the average area of sports venues, the average value of teaching instruments and equipment, the number of computers per hundred students, the average number of books per student, the teacher-student ratio, the average number of teachers with higher education and the average number of teachers with professional and technical positions above the intermediate level. The criteria to achieve basic equilibrium evaluation are: the comprehensive difference coefficient of primary school is not higher than 0.65, and the comprehensive difference coefficient of junior high school is not higher than 0.55.
The evaluation of the county-level government's efforts to promote the balanced development of compulsory education is mainly carried out by 17 indicators in four aspects: entrance opportunity, guarantee mechanism, teaching staff, quality and management, and each indicator is given a certain score, with a total score of100; Counties with a score of 85 or above can be regarded as meeting the requirements of this assessment. Considering the different provincial conditions, the provincial level is required to appropriately increase the county-level government work assessment indicators when formulating implementation measures.
A reference refers to the public's satisfaction with the balanced development of compulsory education in a county, and is an important reference for evaluating and judging whether a county has achieved basic balance.
How to supervise and evaluate the balanced development of county compulsory education?
A: The procedures for the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education are mainly carried out in a bottom-up way, that is, county-level self-evaluation, municipal-level review, provincial-level evaluation and national recognition. The determination of this procedure is mainly based on three considerations. First, it fully embodies the principle of urging local governments at all levels to perform their duties in promoting the balanced development of county-level compulsory education, especially in the county-level self-assessment, which can better realize the principle of "promoting construction by evaluation". The second is to supervise and evaluate step by step to ensure quality. The third is to reflect the will of the state, mainly in the province. The basic contents, standards and working procedures of supervision and evaluation stipulated by the state shall be evaluated by provincial organizations and finally approved by the state. From 20 12, the Ministry of Education will carry out the evaluation and identification of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education, and announce the list in due course. At the same time, in order to ensure the openness, fairness and impartiality of the supervision and evaluation work, the Interim Measures for Supervision and Evaluation also stipulates that the provincial education supervision department shall make an announcement to the society before conducting supervision and evaluation of the counties applying for evaluation and acceptance within its jurisdiction, and announce the evaluation results to the society and accept social supervision.
What are the characteristics of the supervision and evaluation system for the balanced development of compulsory education?
A: Compared with the previous supervision and evaluation system, this supervision and evaluation system for the balanced development of compulsory education has three characteristics and three innovations:
First, put more emphasis on science. The evaluation of inter-school gap in balanced supervision and evaluation is to collect data on a school basis. At the same time, in order to truly promote the balanced allocation of resources in compulsory education schools, when calculating the gap between compulsory education schools within the county, the calculation method of difference coefficient commonly used in statistics is adopted, and the evaluation is mainly based on the calculation results of relevant indicators. Finally, speak with data and evaluate in a scientific way, thus ensuring the objectivity and seriousness of supervision and evaluation.
The second is to put more emphasis on openness. In view of the different background of economic education development in different places and the different working strategies to promote the balanced development of compulsory education, this balanced supervision and evaluation system is designed to be more open in indicators and standards. In terms of indicators, it not only stipulates the unified indicators of the country, but also leaves room for the localities to appropriately increase the indicators in light of the actual situation; In terms of standards, the state has put forward the national minimum standards, and at the same time allows local governments to determine higher evaluation standards according to actual conditions.
The third is to reflect public participation. The biggest innovation of this supervision and evaluation system is that it embodies public participation. The balanced development of compulsory education is not only a strategic task of national education development, but also a hot and difficult issue widely concerned by the whole society. Educational supervision has always emphasized the principles of openness, justice and fairness. The Interim Measures for Balanced Supervision and Evaluation formulated this time takes public satisfaction as an important reference for evaluation and identification, aiming at introducing public participation mechanism and making the evaluation results recognized by local people. At the same time, it can also let the masses participate and better understand every school around them, thus gradually alleviating the contradiction of choosing schools. The "Measures" clearly stipulate that the public satisfaction survey is organized by the provincial supervision and evaluation group, and can also be entrusted by the provincial education supervision institutions to the government statistical departments, scientific research units and professional investigation institutions. Respondents include local people's congress deputies, CPPCC members, principals, teachers, parents of students, etc., mainly parents of students. The survey methods are questionnaire survey and field visit.
The Interim Measures for Supervision and Evaluation stipulates the preconditions that counties applying for evaluation must meet, also known as the "threshold". What are the considerations?
A: The Interim Measures for Supervision and Evaluation stipulates that the evaluation of counties with basically balanced development of compulsory education should be carried out after their compulsory education schools meet the basic school-running standards of compulsory education schools in this province (autonomous regions and municipalities). Mainly based on two considerations: First, to prevent low-level equilibrium. The understanding of balance cannot be one-sided. Counties with small inter-school gap and high level of balance do not necessarily mean that the conditions for running compulsory education schools and the level of teachers have reached local standards. Therefore, the "threshold" is set to ensure that every compulsory education school can reach the provincial standards and become a qualified school, and then pursue balance on this basis. The second is to further promote the standardization of compulsory education schools. The setting of "threshold" is also the goal of "promoting the standardization construction of compulsory education schools" proposed by the Outline of Education Planning as soon as possible.
Balance is dynamic and relative. What are the considerations of balanced supervision and evaluation in system design?
A: The balanced supervision and evaluation system established this time not only requires strengthening process supervision according to previous work practices, but also embodies the principle of "promoting construction by evaluation". At the same time, in view of the particularity of balanced development, a monitoring and review system for balanced development of compulsory education is established to monitor the balanced development of compulsory education in counties across the country and review the counties that have published the list. The monitoring process includes updating monitoring data in time, tracking dynamic changes, finding problems at any time before and after evaluation, and solving problems at any time. After the assessment, it will be reviewed regularly. During the review, it was found that counties that failed to meet the standards of the Interim Measures for Supervision and Evaluation for three consecutive years (except for special circumstances) after the evaluation were cancelled the title of counties with basically balanced development of compulsory education. Through the process supervision, monitoring and review system, it aims to continuously improve the balanced development level of county compulsory education and promote the sound and rapid development of county compulsory education.
What role will the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education play?
A: First, urge local governments to further implement the policy requirements of national laws and earnestly perform their duties of promoting the balanced development of compulsory education. The supervision department will urge the government to further increase investment, transform weak schools, and strive to narrow the gap between compulsory education schools in the county through working mechanisms such as process supervision, formal evaluation, review, monitoring and results announcement. For governments that are ineffective in their work, they should urge rectification through notification and interviews.
The second is to help all localities conduct self-examination, self-assessment and self-diagnosis. The "Interim Measures for Supervision and Evaluation" clarifies the evaluation content and standards for the balanced development of compulsory education. The supervision department can supervise the process according to the calculation results of eight inter-school balanced evaluation indexes, and guide the county government to take targeted measures to rectify the weak links in the balanced development of local compulsory education by calculating the difference coefficient of each index.
Third, promote the early realization of the goal of balanced development of compulsory education. In combination with the objectives proposed in the Outline of Education Planning, all provinces have put forward the balanced development progress of local compulsory education and the timetable with counties as units. Carrying out the supervision and evaluation of the balanced development of compulsory education will combine the planning and steps of balanced development in various provinces to effectively promote the completion of balanced objectives and tasks. At the same time, by narrowing the gap between schools, reforming weak schools and providing more high-quality educational resources, the current school-choosing craze can be effectively alleviated, and social harmony and social fairness can be promoted.