Here are some training methods from newborn's vision training, hearing training, touch training, smell training, taste training, sports training, language training, brain development and so on, for the reference of new parents.
How to carry out neonatal visual training
In order to train the newborn's vision, we can first attract children to see light and stimulate them visually, and then let their eyes follow colored, shiny and moving objects, thus training their visual ability. In addition, you can play the following visual training games:
Watch light games
Newborns have a sense of light after birth, so they can hang moderately soft milky white lights or colored lights in the room. The light should not be directed at the child's face. You can turn on the lights for a while and turn off the lights for a while to exercise the function of pupil dilation and contraction. Two weeks later, you can wrap the flashlight in red cloth, aim the light at the place 15~20cm above the newborn's eyes, and slowly shake it around the horizontal line or back and forth for several times for visual training. When training, the viewing angle is limited to 45 degrees ahead, and the staring time can only be a few seconds. At the full moon, the viewing angle can be extended to 90 degrees in front, and the gaze time can be appropriately extended.
Watch the color ball game.
Hang colored balls above the newborn's chest, 20~25cm away from the eyes, to attract the attention of the newborn. A week later, move the colored ball from left to right in front of the newborn, and then move it from right to left, and train the line of sight to move with things. After 2 weeks, put the ball in front of the newborn and move up and down, and continue to move left and right. At the full moon, put the ball in front of the newborn to make a 360-degree circle, and train the line of sight to rotate 360 degrees with the ball.
Watch black and white games
Show a piece of black paper and a piece of white paper in front of the newborn about 10 days after birth. The distance between the eyes and the paper is 15~20cm. Look at the black paper first, then the white paper and stare at each other for half a minute. Then show black paper and white paper at the same time, let the newborn look at two different colors of paper at the same time, and train the eyes to move back and forth between the two papers.
Warm reminder: after the newborn wakes up, you can look at the large colorful paintings on the indoor walls. Some toys can be hung on the baby's bedside and colored balls can be hung in the air. Parents can often face their babies face to face, and in a short time, the babies will concentrate on it. Such training can promote the development of newborn's visual function.
How to carry out neonatal listening training?
Newborns have hearing from birth, and they can concentrate their hearing two weeks after birth, turning their heads or eyes in the direction of making sounds, forming a preliminary auditory response. The newborn's listening training is mainly to listen to sounds and receive auditory stimuli, and begin to store the information of various sounds in the brain to promote the development of hearing and intelligence.
Newborns like their mother's voice best, so in daily contact and nursing, they should talk to their babies and gently call their names to familiarize them with their mother's voice and establish conditioned reflex. Listen to different music for the baby. You can play beautiful music with a small tape recorder. You should always listen to 1~2 beautiful music and advocate choosing classical songs. Play it every day when the newborn wakes up, and it should be timed, preferably 5 minutes. Change the position of the tape recorder frequently to train students' pursuit and listening ability. Parents can also sing to their children. This not only trains listening, but also cultivates the baby's happy mood and music interest.
Warm reminder: Newborns can listen to the sounds of musical instruments, bells and toy animals, and only listen to one sound during each training to train their listening. In addition, the environment of the neonatal room should be quiet, not too noisy, but not quiet, or even no sound, otherwise it will be unfavorable to the development of newborn hearing. Appropriate environmental sound stimulation will improve the hearing sensitivity of newborns and promote their intellectual development.
What games are there in neonatal tactile training?
Newborns are sensitive to touch, especially the skin of lips, cheeks, eyelids, palms and soles, which will react immediately when touched. Therefore, tactile training should start from birth. When the newborn wakes up, the new mother touches the left cheek and the right cheek with her hands to train the baby to turn his head left or right. If there is such a reaction after being touched, the mother can kiss the baby's cheek to show encouragement.
Always gently touch each finger of the newborn to let go of the small hand. After each touch, touch the palm with objects of different materials, such as hard and soft things, or hot or cold things, so that the baby can feel tactile stimulation.
Before feeding, the mother holds the baby's little hand and caresses her breast before feeding. Often touch the breast like this to let the newborn know that "you can feed here if you are hungry", but after the baby touches the breast and before feeding, wash the nipple and pay attention to keep it clean. In addition, parents can also touch the baby's body with their hands before and after the baby takes a bath or changes diapers, and when the baby is naked or half naked, so that his skin can feel the stimulation of touch pressure.
How to train newborns' sense of smell and taste?
Olfactory training
Newborns will react to various smells after birth. Mom can use this feature for olfactory training. He can smell anything when he is training his sense of smell, such as mother's frankincense when nursing and soap when bathing. Accept the stimulation of various smells as soon as possible.
Taste training
Newborns will have different reactions to sweet, sour, bitter and spicy tastes when they are born. For example, they will suck sweetness and have a happy expression. Frown and close your eyes at bitter, sour and salty things, and look unhappy. According to this feature, let the baby consciously taste sour, sweet, bitter, salty and other flavors with chopsticks in the disinfection pot, feel different stimuli, and promote the development of taste.
How to carry out neonatal action training
Spinning head game
Lying the newborn on the bed, the mother holds a colorful and noisy toy in her hand, and slowly moves it to the left 30cm away from the baby's eyes, and then slowly moves it to the right, so that the child's head rotates with the toy and turns 90 degrees from left to right.
Finger grasping ability game
Parents put the washed index finger in the palm of the newborn, let the baby grasp it, then take it out and put it in, and repeat it several times to train the baby's grasping ability. You can also use a smooth stick to catch it.
Shrinking foot game
Parents touch the soles of newborns with their fingers or other objects, so that they automatically contract the soles of their feet. This is repeated for 4 to 6 times to move the muscles of the baby's legs.
Go swimming. When the umbilical cord falls off and recovers, you can go swimming in 2 or 3 weeks. When the newborn takes a bath, it is placed in a larger bathtub, with one hand holding the abdomen and the other hand holding the jaw, so that the baby lies flat in the water, exposing his head, and his limbs can move freely to promote his body to move in the water.
Why talk to newborns more?
After the child is born, parents should talk and communicate with the newborn. Don't think that the newborn baby doesn't understand and won't talk to the baby.
Babies are much smarter than people usually think. Children's language ability should be cultivated from the time when they can't understand and speak. When the baby is awake and excited, you should seize the opportunity and talk to the baby as much as possible.
The newborn lies in bed after waking up, and then the parents talk to the baby face to face in a soft voice. The content can involve various aspects, such as knowing parents, grandparents, dressing, eating, the names, shapes and colors of common objects, etc.
When communicating with the baby, the environment should be quiet and the speech speed should be slow, no more than 5 minutes at most. Parents should talk to their newborns with a smile and a gentle and kind tone. Meanwhile, let the baby talk. From the second to the third week, the baby can respond with the sound of "oh-oh". The more parents talk, the more diligent their children will be.
There are many opportunities to talk to your baby, such as changing diapers, feeding and taking a bath. Mastering these realities and talking to the baby more are very beneficial to the language development and brain development of newborns. In addition, you can consciously tell stories and sing children's songs to train your baby's language ability.
How to effectively develop the brain potential of newborns
The human brain is divided into left and right hemispheres, and the functions of the left and right hemispheres cannot be completely separated. Both of them have division of labor, functional advantages and differences in functional development. The left brain has language advantage and the right brain has sensory advantage. Timing difference of brain development mainly means that in the early stage of human growth and development, the development of brain function is mainly concentrated in the right hemisphere, and the development of the right hemisphere will determine the development of the left hemisphere function. This provides the focus and goal for early education.
This paper introduces a simple method to promote the functional development of the right hemisphere at an early stage, which can be selected and tried according to the actual situation of newborns:
Speak to the left and right ears in turn, not too loud, soft and slow, not too close to the ears, and keep a certain distance. 2~3 times a day, each time 1~3 minutes.
When listening to classical music without lyrics, the melody should be slow, the voice should be moderate and the tune should be soft.
Press the left nose tightly and breathe through the right nose. Time is short, only a few seconds. Then press the right nose instead.
Conduct early sensory education, including sensory training such as audio-visual, olfactory and tactile.
Warm reminder: when talking to the baby, the mother's words should be simple, short, slow, high-profile, rhythmic and repeated several times. Only in this way will the baby be interested.
Which toys are suitable for newborns?
Toys for newborns must be colored and noisy, small, soft and smooth, and light in weight. The following toys are available:
Use colored balls, colored lights, face paintings, large portrait paintings, red toys and other hanging toys to promote the visual development of newborns.
Musical toys, such as musical instruments, bell sticks, rattles, plastic dolls or animals that can make sounds, are all used to promote the development of listening.
Touch toys such as balls, sticks, plastic rings and dolls to promote the development of touch.
Warm reminder: Toys are children's best companions and indispensable teaching AIDS for education and training. Newborns can't grasp toys with their little hands, let alone play with toys, but their eyes can see, their ears can hear and their little hands can touch them back. Therefore, according to this feature, choose toys with bright colors, sounds and activities, which can make newborns see, hear, touch and arouse excitement, and develop their vision, hearing and feeling.