In recent years, the rural economy has shown a trend of rapid development, and rural management plays an important role in rural development. The following is what I arranged for you for your reference.

Fan: A paper on agricultural mechanization in new socialist countryside.

1 the significance of developing agricultural mechanization

Agricultural mechanization liberates agriculture from backward and inefficient modes of production, liberates farmers from the heavy manual labor of "facing the loess and facing the sky" and shares the achievements of material civilization and spiritual civilization in modern society. Agricultural machinery has effectively promoted agricultural efficiency, rural development and farmers' sustained income increase, which is conducive to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, workers and peasants and promoting the harmonious development of people and society. The popularization and application of a large number of advanced and applicable mechanical operation equipment can realize the precise operation of sowing, intertillage, irrigation, fertilization, plant protection and harvesting, make agricultural production and resource utilization more efficient, low energy consumption and low pollution, provide important technical support for building a resource-saving society and an environment-friendly society, and help promote the harmonious development between man and nature.

Developing agricultural mechanization is an important measure to build a new socialist countryside.

2. 1 we must take the road of agricultural mechanization development that suits China's national conditions.

China's basic national conditions are a large population with little land, low farmers' income and little accumulation. Different from other mechanized countries, China's agricultural machinery should not only be a means to replace human and animal labor and improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, but also be a tool for farmers to save costs and get rich through hard work. Farmers buy large-scale agricultural machinery not only for their own services, but also for social services. Constantly expand the field of agricultural machinery services, unite scattered agricultural machinery with scattered farmers, organically combine mechanized production with household contract management, realize large-scale operation of agricultural machinery, promote the common utilization of agricultural machinery, rationally allocate agricultural machinery resources, improve the utilization rate and efficiency of agricultural machinery, and take the road of "* * * support, market guidance, socialized service, common utilization and efficiency improvement", which is the characteristic development road of agricultural machinery in China. Try every means to solve the problem that farmers can afford it, use it well and have benefits. Developing agricultural machinery market, coordinating and guiding services, improving the utilization rate of farm tools and increasing farmers' benefits are inexhaustible motive forces for the development of agricultural mechanization.

2.2 Persist in continuously promoting scientific and technological innovation and popularization and application.

The development of agricultural mechanization is inseparable from technological innovation and mechanism innovation. Measures such as technical research, experiment and demonstration should be taken to promote the scientific research of basic, key and public agricultural machinery and the popularization and application of advanced and applicable agricultural machinery. It is necessary to increase the promotion of energy-saving and environmental-friendly agricultural mechanization technologies such as protective cultivated land, comprehensive utilization of straw, efficient plant protection technology, facility agriculture, mechanized dry farming and water saving, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and provide strong scientific and technological support for the development of agricultural mechanization. Efforts should be made to innovate the development concept, development ideas, development mechanism and working methods of agricultural mechanization, adapt to the requirements of the socialist market economic system, and constantly promote the rapid and sound development of agricultural mechanization in China.

2.3 Establish a correct view of political achievements and promote the process of agricultural mechanization.

Agricultural machinery is a kind of labor tool, and its benefits are more reflected in social benefits, long-term benefits and human living environment benefits, belonging to the "potential performance" project. For a period of time, some cadres have a great misunderstanding on the issue of development, taking "development is the last word" as "economic growth is the last word" and simplifying economic development to GDP growth. Under the guidance of this one-sided view of development, many places have one-sided views of political achievements to varying degrees, taking GDP as the main assessment index, keen on pursuing temporary economic growth and engaging in "image project" and "beautiful project", while ignoring agricultural mechanization directly reflected in China's GDP economic assessment index, or staying in words and documents.

2.4 formulate policies and regulations to promote the healthy development of agricultural mechanization.

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. With the development of civilization of human society, the weak characteristics of its industry and the essential characteristics that need support and protection are increasingly prominent and important. It is impossible to promote agricultural mechanization and modernization by relying entirely on the adjustment of market mechanism and the power of market subjects. It needs the attention and support of all levels, and the promotion and guarantee of policies and regulations. It is a common practice in developed agricultural countries to give necessary support to agricultural mechanization, which conforms to the relevant rules of WTO and is the essential requirement of Scientific Outlook on Development.

2.5 According to local conditions, create a new situation in the development of agricultural mechanization.

China has a vast territory, and there are great differences in natural conditions, social and economic development level, labor transfer, maturity of agricultural mechanization technology and economic benefits. Under this condition, to accelerate agricultural mechanization, we should adjust measures to local conditions, focus on breakthroughs, and gradually develop from mechanization in key links to mechanization in the whole process. In terms of development steps, wheat is the first, followed by rice, corn and cash crops. First, economically developed areas are followed by economically ordinary areas. First, we should focus on the main links of crop production and then solve the whole mechanization of agricultural production, so as to promote the sustained and stable improvement of agricultural mechanization level. The development of agricultural mechanization must rely on scientific and technological progress, popularize advanced and applicable agricultural machinery technology, and take the road of sustainable development. We should actively organize and implement the strategy of "developing agriculture through science and education" and gradually build an agricultural machinery technology innovation system based on agricultural machinery research and popularization, with talents as the guarantee and industrialization as the development goal. While breaking through the single operation technology, agricultural machinery scientific research focuses on solving the comprehensive technology and structural optimization of agricultural mechanization. At the same time, accelerate the introduction and digestion of advanced and applicable foreign agricultural mechanization technologies, and develop new agricultural mechanization technologies urgently needed by agriculture and farmers. In terms of resources and environment, we should promote the rational utilization technology of protective, economical and transformational resources. Agricultural mechanization plays a fundamental, leading and decisive role in building a new socialist countryside and promoting the construction of new countryside. Developing agricultural mechanization is an inevitable choice to speed up the construction of new socialist countryside, which will also greatly promote the development of agricultural mechanization and make the development of agricultural machinery gain more opportunities. The new situation is full of new challenges and new opportunities. The broad masses of cadres and workers on the agricultural machinery front should continue to carry forward the spirit of pioneering and innovating, forge ahead, establish the idea of being able to move up and down, focus on key projects and central work, pay close attention to implementation, and work hard to prosper the rural economy, increase farmers' income, fully realize agricultural mechanization, and work hard to build a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized and harmonious socialist country.

Fan: the establishment of agricultural education mechanism in new countryside

First, the significance and role of agricultural education in building a new socialist countryside

To build a new socialist countryside, we must cultivate new farmers, develop rural education and improve farmers' quality. The development of rural education is helpful to improve the scientific quality of rural population, establish a self-hematopoietic mechanism in rural areas, and cultivate new farmers with culture, technology, management and good management. Accelerate rural urbanization and modernization and gradually change the dual structure of urban and rural areas. Re-understand and re-examine the reform of the management system, school-running system, investment mechanism and guarantee mechanism of rural education in China, gradually promote the formulation and improvement of education systems and policies related to public education products, quasi-public education products and semi-public education products, ensure the maximization of education equity and resource allocation, stimulate the enthusiasm of all aspects of education, provide education that meets the needs of the people to the greatest extent, and promote and guarantee the health and guarantee of rural education. [1] To build a new socialist countryside, we must unswervingly adhere to the strategy of "rejuvenating agriculture through science and education", give priority to the development of agricultural education and agricultural science and technology, and generally improve the scientific, technological and cultural quality of farmers by promoting agricultural education; It is the key to solve the problem of "new socialist countryside" to develop agricultural science and technology, improve the scientific and technological content of agricultural industry and the driving force of sustainable development, so as to fundamentally improve the level of rural productivity. In the process of carrying out the main functions of "teaching, scientific research and social service", agricultural colleges and universities have become the main force of agricultural science and technology and management personnel training, scientific and technological innovation and social service. The great call of building an innovative country and the strategic deployment of building a new socialist countryside put forward higher requirements for agricultural universities to continue to serve rural economic and social development.

Second, the connotation of agricultural education system in the context of building a new socialist countryside

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward the grand goal of building a new socialist countryside, which endowed the agricultural education system with new connotations, mainly in the following aspects:

1. In terms of educational concept, actively adapt to the requirements of lifelong learning and national learning in a learning society, and combine the needs of sustainable development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in various regions to reflect adaptability and development;

2. In terms of educational objects, we should give consideration to people from all walks of life, including rural residents and urban agricultural population, reflecting comprehensiveness and extensiveness;

3. In terms of educational content, it is coordinated with regional agriculture and rural socio-economic development, covering multi-level and multi-category fields including agricultural thought, theory and technology, with agricultural science as the main part, supplemented by other disciplines, reflecting multiplicity and comprehensiveness;

4. In terms of educational methods, according to the learning characteristics of students or trainees, various methods should be adopted, such as the combination of classroom teaching and extracurricular practice, the combination of centralized face-to-face teaching, the combination of short-term training and long-term counseling, etc., to reflect the effectiveness and feasibility;

5. In terms of educational resources, it is necessary to run all kinds of educational institutions at all levels in strict accordance with relevant regulations, but also to mobilize all sectors of society to attach importance to agricultural education, increase investment in people, money and materials, and reflect legitimacy and policy. [2] China's agricultural education system should be guided by the * * * theory and the important thought of * * *, with the goal of building a full-time and lifelong learning society, closely around the overall requirements of building a well-off society and a harmonious society in an all-round way, with higher agricultural education as the leader to meet the needs of agricultural and rural social and economic development in different regions, secondary agricultural vocational education as the main body, compulsory education in primary and secondary schools as the basis, and social education as the supplement, with distinctive subject knowledge framework.

Thirdly, some suggestions on the construction of agricultural education system.

First, establish a harmonious organizational mechanism and realize "four unifications and four reasonableness"

Establish a special organization and leadership organization and a working organization for step-by-step management, form a scientific organization and leadership management framework, and achieve "four unifications and four reasonableness".

1, unified planning and rational allocation of teaching resources. It is necessary to establish a four-level teaching resource database with provinces, cities, counties, townships and villages as units, and establish several sub-databases, such as teaching base areas, instruments and equipment, teachers and experts, and library collections, to realize computer network management and resource sharing. In particular, resources of the same level and category should be uniformly planned, co-constructed and co-managed, and coordinated; Resources at different levels should also complement each other and cross-utilize. [3]

2. Unified allocation of teaching funds and rational use. The financial departments of provinces and cities, together with the relevant departments in charge of education and agriculture, form a special fund management office for agricultural education, and work out a plan that not only conforms to the overall development level, but also promotes the use of different levels and types of funds. In strict accordance with the provisions of the capital plan, the unified allocation of funds, step by step to report the budget to the office, unified use.

3. The enrollment plan is formulated in a unified way and the layout is reasonable. According to the current situation and characteristics of regional agriculture and rural social and economic development, we should consider the needs of all kinds of talents at all levels as a whole, so that the trained talents can be used and retained.

4. Unified arrangement of teaching supervision and reasonable evaluation. The establishment of all kinds of teaching evaluation institutions at all levels, the evaluation guidance system should be scientific and reasonable, different levels and types of education have their own emphasis, and the multi-angle decomposition evaluation of disciplines and courses should be considered.

Two. Build "1+1+1>; 3 "Higher Education+Secondary Education+Basic Education Agricultural Education Network Circle"

Through the establishment of agricultural education network, the mutual promotion mechanism of "three religions" is formed, and education and social economy develop in harmony. High-level educational institutions train teachers and experts for low-level educational institutions and provide rich teaching experience and school-running experience; Low-level educational institutions can provide basic teaching resources for grassroots training and practice for high-level educational institutions. Educational institutions at all levels should open up barriers, exchange needed goods, be consistent from top to bottom, and be connected from left to right to form an educational network. Strive for all sectors of society to give policy inclination and support in agricultural education funds and management, provide strong guarantee, make good use of social resources, and create maximum benefits for society in personnel training, scientific research and production practice. [4]

Third, build an interconnection platform for disciplines and specialties.

In the subject setting, agricultural science is the main subject, supplemented by related disciplines. Among them, the higher education level should pay attention to "big and wide", and form a wide disciplinary field with high-tech agricultural professional knowledge and related theories as the main teaching content on the premise of focusing on building traditional agricultural majors; Secondary education should pay attention to "small but comprehensive", not too many disciplines, strengthen the construction of multiple specialties of characteristic disciplines, make the professional construction level, and focus on agricultural technology practice; Basic education should pay attention to "small but fine", pay more attention to imparting basic agricultural knowledge and simple technical training closely combined with local conditions. In terms of personnel training, knowledge, ability and quality should be promoted in harmony according to the gradual increase of training level, so that the cultivated ordinary farmers should not only have extensive agricultural knowledge and practical technology, but also have the ability of leading, managing, popularizing and innovating by managers of agricultural science and technology work. Students can receive training in agricultural knowledge from the basic education stage to obtain a single skill certificate or a comprehensive academic certificate.

Fourthly, we should establish a Industry-University-Research-integrated system to enhance the social service function of education.

While doing a good job in personnel training, we should strengthen scientific research and pay attention to production practice, so that the three can be organically combined, mutually promoted and interdependent. Educational institutions can reduce the waste of talents by establishing cooperative training relations with production units and scientific research institutes. Production units and scientific research institutes can also provide educational institutions with teaching resources such as teachers and teaching practice bases. At the same time, production units and scientific research institutions can exchange needed goods, strengthen cooperation, and gradually form the concept of "talent training provides intellectual support for scientific research and production, scientific research and production provides resource guarantee for talent training, scientific research promotes production, and production promotes scientific research".