Directional principle

Moral education should be ideal and directional, and guide students to develop in the right direction.

Story: Xiaojie is a third-grade pupil. He usually gets good grades in school, but he is a little short-tempered and naughty. Once, Xiaojie was called to the office by teacher Zhao, the head teacher, for beating a classmate in the next class. Teacher Zhao, the head teacher, is going to tell Xiaojie the truth that "a gentleman talks but doesn't do it" before teaching Xiaojie.

Analysis: Before Mr. Zhao carries out moral education, he must first clarify right and wrong, which is the guiding principle.

The principle of integration of knowledge and practice (also known as the principle of integrating theory with practice)

In the process of moral education, educators should not only pay attention to the systematic theoretical education of ideological and moral education for students, but also pay attention to organizing students to participate in practical exercises, so as to combine awareness-raising with behavior formation and make students' words and deeds consistent.

Story: After some time, Mr. Zhao found that Xiaojie became gentle and sensible. With his help, A Qiang, a good friend, has also made great progress in academic performance and other aspects.

Analysis: Only when students' moral behavior is finally formed can we say that moral education has achieved substantial results, that is, it embodies the moral education principle of unity of knowing and doing.

Respect the principle of combining trust with strict demands on students.

Moral education should combine respect and trust for students with strict requirements for students' thoughts and behaviors, so that the influence and requirements of educators on students can be easily transformed into students' morality. (makarenko, an educator in the former Soviet Union, said, "Ask as many people as possible and respect them as much as possible")

Story: Xiaojie comes to Teacher Zhao's office. Teacher Zhao said to Xiaojie, "Xiaojie, sit down first, and let's talk about your fight with the classmates next door."

Analysis: Imagine that if Mr. Zhao didn't take an amiable tone at this time, but let Xiaojie stand aside and reprimand, the effect should not be ideal. In other words, to reform a person's shortcomings, we must first respect him, that is, respect students and strictly demand their moral standards.

Principles of consistency and coherence in education

It means that moral education should purposefully and systematically organize and adjust the educational influence on students from all aspects, so as to make them cooperate with each other and coordinate, so as to ensure that students' moral character can develop according to the requirements of educational purposes.

Story: At home, Xiaojie and grandma talked about what happened at school, and grandma agreed with Teacher Zhao's teaching.

Analysis: Only when family and society cooperate with school education and maintain unity can school education play its greatest role.

Imagine if Grandma Xiaojie thinks that if Xiaojie doesn't beat his classmates, Xiaojie will be beaten, and then Mr. Zhao's teaching will be in vain. Fully embody the principle of consistency and coherence of influence.

The principle of teaching students according to their aptitude.

In the process of moral education, educators should teach students in accordance with their age characteristics, personality differences and the actual situation of ideological and moral development, teach students in accordance with their aptitude, guide students in a targeted manner, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of moral education.

Story: Xiaojie sat down. Teacher Zhao asked, "Xiaojie, why did you hit the classmate in the next class?" Xiaojie: "Because I saw my good friend A Qiang being bullied by the classmates next door, I was so angry that I hit him!" " "Miss Zhao:" I see. "

Analysis: Only when Mr. Zhao understands why Xiaojie hit people can he be educated according to his actual problems. This is the moral principle of teaching students according to their aptitude.

The principle of doing good to recover losses (also known as the principle of carrying forward positive factors and overcoming negative factors)

It means that in the process of moral education, we should fully mobilize students' enthusiasm for self-education, rely on and carry forward their positive factors, overcome their negative factors and promote their moral growth.

Story: I also know that A Qiang's academic performance is not particularly good, and he doesn't like to communicate with other students in class, so he is always bullied by some students. Xiaojie, I think if we really talk about friendship, shouldn't you help A Qiang more in peacetime? Help him gradually establish prestige among his classmates! "

Analysis: Teacher Zhao used Xiaojie's advantage of attaching importance to friends' feelings to guide and help to gradually establish prestige, which embodied the moral principle of relying on positive factors and overcoming negative factors.

Combination of collective education and individual education

In the process of moral education, teachers should not only educate individual students through collective strength, but also influence the collective through the education of individual students, so as to realize the dialectical unity of collective education and individual education.

(makarenko's thought of parallel management)

Persuasion principle (persuasion principle)

It means that moral education should be guided by persuasion, convince people by reasoning, start with improving students' understanding, mobilize students' initiative and make them positive.

Story: Teacher Zhao went on to say, "Xiaojie, it's a good thing that you value the friendship and affection between friends. However, you should also know that it is not good for a gentleman to say something without hitting his classmates. " We can reason with XX students, or invite other students and teachers to come and give you an evaluation.

Analysis: Teacher Zhao reasoned with Xiaojie, letting Xiaojie know the truth that "a gentleman speaks but doesn't do it", instead of simply and rudely scolding Xiaojie, which embodies the principle of moral education.

The principle of combining positive education with discipline (flexible teaching principle)

Moral education should not only actively guide, persuade education, stimulate self-awareness, and mobilize students' internal motivation to receive education, but also combine the two organically with necessary discipline.

Story: Xiaojie nodded to show that he understood what Teacher Zhao said. Teacher Zhao said, "Xiaojie, now that you have understood the truth that' a gentleman talks but doesn't start work', I will be punished for fighting with my classmates next time!"

Analysis: After giving positive education to Xiaojie, Mr. Zhao should also have corresponding discipline to avoid students' bad behavior, that is, the moral education principle of combining positive education with discipline.

Shorthand code of moral education principles

(1) Eight Principles of Moral Education:

"Tao Xingzhi positively guides a company of students: only by actively observing discipline can there be dignity."

(1) "Tao Xingzhi" is the principle of unity of knowledge and action;

② "Positive" and "Discipline" are the principles of combining positive education with discipline;

③ The principle of "sparseness" means sparseness;

④ Guidance is the guiding principle;

⑤ "Friendship" means the principle of consistency and coherence of educational influence;

⑥ "Positive" refers to the principle of relying on positive factors and overcoming negative factors;

⑦ "Talent" means the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude;

⑧ "Students" and "Dignity" are the principles of respecting students and strictly demanding students.

(2) Eight teaching principles: "Find a fox to eat a mile away."

(1) "straight" is the principle of intuition;

② "Qi" is the principle of enlightenment;

③ Bow is the principle of consolidation;

(4) the principle of "finding" step by step;

⑤ "English" refers to the principle of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude;

⑥ "Reason" is the principle of integrating theory with practice;

⑦ "grain" is the principle of ability;

⑧ "food" is the principle of unity of ideological and scientific.

Note: When reciting the formula, you must close your eyes and imagine the scene in the formula, because the memory effect of using the right brain image is more than 100 times that of the left brain! Give it a try!

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