Through publicity and education, patients and their families have a correct understanding of obesity and its harm, so as to cooperate with the treatment, adopt a healthy lifestyle, change diet and exercise habits, and consciously adhere to it for a long time, which is the first and most important measure for obesity treatment.
2. Control diet and increase physical activity.
Mildly obese people should control the total food intake, adopt a low-calorie and low-fat diet, avoid high-sugar foods, make the total daily calories lower than consumption, and do more physical labor and physical exercise. If the weight can be reduced by 500 ~ 1000 g per month and gradually reach the normal standard weight, there is no need to use drugs.
Total calories should be strictly controlled for obesity above moderate level. Female patients are required to limit their food intake to 5 ~ 6.3 mj (1200 ~1500 kcal) /d, and it will be invalid if it exceeds 6.3 mj/d. Men should be controlled at 6.3 ~ 7.6 mj (1500 ~1800 kcal) /d, and according to this standard, they are expected to lose 1 ~ 2 kg per week. Food should ensure an appropriate amount of animal protein containing essential amino acids (accounting for one third of the total protein), and the intake of protein should be no less than per kilogram of body weight 1g per day. We should strictly limit the intake of fat and sodium to avoid water and sodium retention during weight loss, which is also conducive to lowering blood pressure and reducing appetite. In addition, candy, beer, etc. Limited as described above. If you still can't lose weight after several weeks of diet control, you can reduce the daily total calories to 3.4 ~ 5mj (800 ~ 1200kcal)/d, but if the calories are too small, patients are prone to fatigue, fatigue, chills and listlessness. , must be strictly observed. According to research, in the early stage of diet therapy, protein consumed more, which led to rapid weight loss and negative nitrogen balance. When the low-calorie diet is continued, the protective nitrogen storage reaction occurs, and the nitrogen balance is gradually rebuilt, so the fat consumption gradually increases, but the fat output is about 65,438+00 times that of protein, so the amount of fat tissue loss is obviously less than that of protein tissue. On the contrary, the more protein is synthesized, the more weight can be gained, which is the adjustment process after the human body restricts calories.