What is Comenius' main educational thought?

Comenius lived in the historical period when the old and the new turned in Europe. On the one hand, the new capitalist mode of production has developed to varying degrees in all countries. At the same time, the modern natural science system is increasingly formed and humanism is prevalent. On the other hand, however, feudal conservative forces still dominate in most countries, and religious theology is still deeply imprisoning people's thoughts. This contradiction and struggle between the old and the new is inevitably reflected in Comenius, and has had an important impact on his educational thought.

What is the significance of Comenius' educational thought?

Comenius' thought of coming to education laid the foundation of modern bourgeois education theory system and had a wide and far-reaching impact on future school education. Especially after the middle of19th century, in the wave of universal education in capitalist countries, Comenius' educational thought once again attracted people's attention, and was highly praised through the propaganda of German educators, which won him his due position in the history of education. Some people say that he is "the real founder of educational science", a symbolic figure in the history of education, the last educator in European feudal society and the first educator in the new bourgeois period.

A Brief Introduction to Comenius' Preschool Education Thought

First, education should follow the characteristics of infants' physical and mental development. He believes that the physical and mental development of infants is different from that of adults and has its own unique characteristics. They are energetic, full of blood, easy to receive education, active in imagination, eager for knowledge, quick thinking, firm and lasting memory, flexible fingers and strong plasticity. Although there are some shortcomings in his understanding of infants, most of them are scientific. Secondly, I think early education is very important. He believes that the education of infants and young children should be grasped early and everything should be started. The education of infants has a far-reaching impact on their future development. It is better and easier to prevent falls through education than to save them. His theory is based on psychology: people's initial impression is very deep and difficult to change. The importance of preschool education is now increasingly confirmed by psychology and pedagogy, and it also verifies the scientific nature of Comenius theory. Here, I want to talk about the practical significance of the view that "preventing crime through education is much better and easier than saving falling". Thirdly, I put forward my own unique views on the purpose and task of preschool education. First, he believes that "the purpose of preschool education is to cultivate children's physical strength, intelligence and morality, especially to pay attention to children's health and prepare for future school study." Children will eventually enter school and receive school education. Before that, we should give them some basic knowledge and learning ability to adapt to school life as soon as possible, which is in line with the principle of gradual education. Secondly, he believes that the task of preschool education is to teach children all the knowledge needed by human life, give them the basic knowledge of algebra, geometry, optics, electricity and other natural science knowledge, and teach them some social knowledge to develop some religious and moral habits. Of course, restricted by the times and scientific development, his thoughts also have limitations. This is what we should pay attention to in our study and research.

〈〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉𝶹𝶹𝶹𝶹𝶹〉 12

Comenius was a Czech educator in the17th century, and his educational thoughts were embodied in his masterpiece On Great Teaching.

What is Comenius' educational thought?

The theory of universal wisdom is the core of Comenius' educational thought. The so-called "universal wisdom" means that all people can acquire extensive and comprehensive knowledge through education and wisdom can be fully developed. He advocates learning extensive knowledge and mastering the essence of subject knowledge; Emphasize that what you have learned should be useful to real life; Attach importance to natural science knowledge and the study of various languages; Pay attention to the cultivation of students' action ability. In his educational masterpiece "On Great Teaching", he begins with the clear meaning that "it expounds all the art of teaching all knowledge to everyone" and tries to realize the ideal of "all-intelligent education" and "all-intelligent school" through educational experiments.

Comenius also put forward many important teaching principles in the Great Teaching Theory, such as intuition principle, inspiration and guidance principle, ability principle, step by step principle, consolidation principle, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude principle and so on. These principles are still the basic principles that our teachers follow in teaching activities.

Lu's educational thought is full of wisdom, which was put forward by the educator Comenius in his masterpiece _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

On Great Teaching, 10 Select "B"

Fill in the blanks:

Second, 1 1, the theory of biological origin

12, society

13, church education

14, purposeful training

15, transporting talents

Meng Lu 16

17, education

18, teaching

19, Great Teaching Theory

20. Educational orientation

Comenius's "Qi" Education Thought

Comenius, deeply influenced by humanism, is full of confidence in human wisdom and creativity, and advocates the harmonious development of human beings through education, hoping to improve society and realize the equality of sects and nationalities through education.

The theory of universal wisdom is the core of Comenius' educational thought. The so-called "universal wisdom" means that all people can acquire extensive and comprehensive knowledge through education, so that wisdom can be fully developed.

He advocates learning extensive knowledge and mastering the essence of subject knowledge; Emphasize that what you have learned should be useful to real life; Attach importance to natural science knowledge and the study of various languages; Pay attention to the cultivation of students' action ability.

(7) Comenius' masterpiece of educational thought is extended reading:

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During his work in Hungary, Comenius was determined to reform and innovate, and compiled the famous children's enlightenment book World Illustration. This is the first illustrated online book for children in the history of western education, which is novel in conception, extensive in content and illustrated, and can be called a necessary teaching material.

Comenius explained the characteristics of this book in the preface: "This book is not long, but it is a bird's eye view of the whole world and the whole language. It is full of illustrations, names and descriptions of things." Therefore, he called the "world map" "a glimpse of the world".

The position, function and significance of Comenius' educational thought in the history of western education

(A) on the purpose of education

Comenius' theory of educational purpose first reflects the contradiction between religious view and secular view in his world view. He believes that the ultimate goal of education is to prepare people for eternal life. He inherited the viewpoint of the Bible, and his outlook on life is strongly religious. He believes that the real life of human beings is not the ultimate goal, but the ultimate goal of life is to move towards a higher stage, that is, eternal life. He confirmed that "secular life is only the preparation for eternal life, and its purpose is to make the soul take the body as the intermediary to prepare all kinds of useful materials for future life". At the same time, he believes that education has its secular purpose, and people should live a secular life. Comenius' view of secular life is contrary to that of Catholic monks. He does not treat secular life with negativity and abstinence, nor does he regard secular life as the source of darkness and evil, but understands it with a positive and optimistic spirit. He believes that the purpose of secular life is to create a happy life. Therefore, people's real life should be centered on their own service and enjoyment. The so-called service is to serve the society, the country and others. The so-called pleasure mainly refers to the happiness of the soul. In order to make life happy, soul happy and serve the society and the country, people should become rational animals and masters of everything. In other words, people should have all the knowledge and be able to use everything to serve mankind. In short, the training goal of education should be to train people into people with extensive knowledge and serve the motherland for life; The purpose of education is to give people knowledge, virtue and piety, and make people understand and use everything.

(B) On the role of education

Comenius spoke highly of the role of education. First of all, he thinks that education plays an important role in human development. Comenius accepted the influence of Renaissance humanism and thought that man is the most beautiful and perfect creation, so education can play a great role in man. He pointed out that people become human only because they received the proper education at the most suitable age, that is, childhood. He is convinced that "everyone can be a person." He believes that everyone has the intelligence to receive knowledge. If the intelligence is too low to receive education, "it is difficult to find one out of a thousand people". Even for such a person with extremely low intelligence, education can still play a certain role. "②

Secondly, he believes that education can promote social development. Comenius said: "Education is the main means to save mankind", "it is the wealth that educated people can use" and "it can reduce darkness, trouble and conflict in society".

Third, he attaches importance to children's differences and acquired education. Comenius spoke highly of the role of education, but also attached great importance to children's natural quality or quality differences. For these children with different qualities and personalities, teachers should "use appropriate training to make them virtuous", which he thinks is within our power. Comenius also thinks that "human beings are born eager for knowledge", but in fact some people lack the tendency to love learning, which is due to "parents' doting, the temptation of social environment and teachers' incompetence." He solemnly put forward: "Before imparting knowledge to students, a teacher must make students thirsty for knowledge and be able to receive teaching, so they are prepared to receive all kinds of education."

"Nine" Comenius' educational thought can be summarized as life education theory. Is this sentence correct?

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Comenius was deeply influenced by humanism and put forward that "man is the noblest, the most perfect and the most beautiful in creation". He affirmed his understanding of people in On Great Teaching. He believes that man is God's perfect creation, and he is God's love and image. He said that "man should be a rational animal, the master of all creation, and the image and love of the creator in tangible creation". He thinks that everything is man-made and man has unlimited potential, and compares man to a small universe, so he puts forward the famous seed theory. Compare the psychology of people who come into the world to the seeds of plants or trees. They are born with the seeds of erudition, virtue and piety, and their quality lies in education. He spoke highly of people's status, value and significance, paving the way for his later universal education of "teaching all knowledge to all people". Pan-intellectual education is also the core of Comenius' whole educational thought. It has adapted to the needs of the times and society, laid a foundation for the establishment of independent and systematic pedagogy, and had a great influence on the formation of western educational theory system and the development of modern education in China.