The nutritious lunch plan will make children in poor areas not only eat enough, but also eat well; The policy of free admission to the nearest school in the compulsory education stage will cool down the fever of choosing schools and classes; The targeted enrollment plan in poverty-stricken areas has enabled many children with difficulties to realize their college dreams. The implementation of various policies shows that the state attaches importance to education.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the overall development level of China's education has reached the upper-middle level in the world: the gross enrollment rate in the three years before school reached 77.4%, which was higher than the average level of 69.2% in middle-and high-income countries; The net enrollment rate of primary school is 99.9%, and the gross enrollment rate of junior high school is 1.04%. The popularization rate of compulsory education exceeds the average level of high-income countries, taking the lead in achieving the goal of universal education among nine developing China countries in the world. The gross enrollment rate of high school education reached 87%, which was nearly 1 1 percentage point higher than the average level of middle and high income countries. The gross enrollment rate of higher education reached 42.7%, exceeding the average level of middle and high income countries.
The popularization of education has been significantly improved, education equity has made important progress, the quality of education has been steadily improved, and education reform has been comprehensively promoted. Today, China is striding forward towards the goal of "making 654.38+300 million people enjoy a better and fairer education".
Input: the proportion of education funds in GDP has exceeded 4% for five consecutive years.
After the college entrance examination every year, the bursary management centers of local education bureaus are busy.
Last August, Tan Honglai from Badake Village, Zhudong Town, Panxian County, Guizhou Province was admitted to Liupanshui Teachers College. Together with the admission notice, there is also a brief introduction to the financial aid policy for college students. "I really don't know what to do without national student loans and grants." For Tan Hong, who directly benefits from the state subsidy policy.
Giving priority to financial input is an important prerequisite for developing education. The continuous increase of national financial input ensures that no student will drop out of school because of financial difficulties. In 20 12, the national fiscal expenditure on education reached 2.3 trillion yuan, which exceeded 2 trillion yuan for the first time, accounting for 4.28% of the GDP, achieving the goal of 4% proposed in the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020) and becoming an important milestone in the history of education in China.
Since then, the central and local governments have continuously expanded their investment in education. The national fiscal expenditure on education is 2.4 trillion yuan in 20 13 years, 260 million yuan in 20 14 years, 2.9 trillion yuan in 20 15 years and 3. 1 trillion yuan in 20 16 years, accounting for more than 4% of the GDP.
At the beginning of this year, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Education Development" further clarified: "Ensure that the proportion of national fiscal education expenditure to GDP is generally not less than 4%, ensure that fiscal general public budget education expenditure only increases year by year, and ensure that the average general public budget education expenditure according to the number of students in school only increases year by year." This "one is not less than one, and one is only increasing but not decreasing" fully embodies the determination of the party and the state to firmly implement the strategy of giving priority to the development of education.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the use of state financial education funds has always adhered to the principle of "ensuring basics, making up shortcomings, promoting fairness and improving quality", insisting on tilting towards rural areas, remote and poverty-stricken areas and ethnic minority areas, insisting on tilting towards compulsory education, vocational education and preschool education, insisting on tilting towards rural teachers and students with financial difficulties, and the degree of education security at all levels has been continuously enhanced.
Fairness: The living allowance policy benefited nearly 6.5438+0.3 million rural teachers.
Once upon a time, in poor rural areas, schools were just a row of low-rise bungalows, and the playground was just a mud field. Today, the school is brand-new: the five-star red flag is flying high, the plastic playground is flat and wide, and the windows of the teaching building are bright and clean.
Giving children in poverty-stricken areas a good education is an important task of poverty alleviation and development, and it is also an important way to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. In the past five years, the party and the country have played a series of "combination boxing" to let the sunshine of education shine on every corner.
77% of counties and 210.8 million compulsory education schools in China are included in the implementation scope of "comprehensively improving the conditions for running schools with weak compulsory education". Children in poor areas not only have laboratories and libraries, but also have high-quality educational resources such as "Banbantong"; The central government allocated a total of 159 1 100 million yuan for the "Nutrition Improvement Plan for Rural Compulsory Education Students", benefiting13400 schools with more than 36 million students. The phenomenon that rural students go to school hungry and eat cold meals has basically been eliminated; Since the implementation of the "Three-year Action Plan for Preschool Education" for two periods, the problems of "difficult admission" and "expensive admission" have been effectively alleviated. In 20 16, the gross admission rate reached 77.4%, which was 12.9 percentage points higher than that in 20 12. The implementation of the "Action Plan for Vocational Education Cooperation between the East and the West" has enabled the combined enrollment of the East and the West in secondary vocational schools to reach 300,000 people every year, and many families in remote and poor areas have realized the wish of "learning arts by one person and lifting the whole family out of poverty".
To truly realize educational equity, a team of rural teachers with excellent quality and high stability is very important. In the past, "unable to get down, unable to stay and unable to teach well" was a difficult problem for rural teachers in China. Fortunately, in June of 20 15, the first policy document specifically for the construction of rural teachers-Rural Teachers Support Plan (20 15-2020) was issued.
As a rural teacher, Willy of Caosi Primary School in Wangtuan Town, Lixin County, Anhui Province has experienced various changes in working environment and living conditions. "In addition to the national basic living allowance, I also have 500 yuan's hardship allowance every month. In addition, the school also arranged a circular dormitory and often organized exchange training. " Willy said, "Now everyone's enthusiasm is very high."
By the end of 20 16, among the 708 county-level units in poverty-stricken areas in 22 provinces, 684 had implemented the living allowance policy for rural teachers, with a coverage rate of 97%, benefiting nearly 8 1 10,000 schools and 0/0.3 million rural teachers. From the improvement of living conditions to the flow of teachers between urban and rural areas, from the evaluation and appointment of professional titles to the establishment of an honor system, a good situation of "getting down, staying and teaching well" is taking shape.
Reform: The proportion of public primary and secondary schools in big cities exceeds 90%
The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward "deepening comprehensive reform in the field of education", and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee made comprehensive arrangements for the reform. In the past five years, the education system has insisted on promoting development through reform, promoting fairness through reform, improving quality through reform and increasing vitality through reform.
On June 6 this year, Wu Zunmin, the parents of Shanghai candidates who stayed outside the examination room, was very happy: "Cancel the division of arts and sciences, and children can choose subjects they are interested in; There are two opportunities for foreign language exams, and the pressure on children is reduced. I really want to praise the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination! " As the most comprehensive and systematic reform of the examination enrollment system since the resumption of the college entrance examination, the promulgation of 20 14 "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System" conveyed the transformation of the college entrance examination from "grading" to "judging people".
Today, Wan, who is studying in Peking University Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, is very lucky: "I come from Shangba Township, Yunyang County, Chongqing. If it is not a special enrollment plan for poverty-stricken areas in the country, I never thought that I could come to Weiming Lake and Boyata. " Since the implementation of the "Special Plan for Targeted Enrollment in Poverty-stricken Areas" in 20 12, in the past five years, colleges and universities across the country have enrolled 274,000 students from rural and poverty-stricken areas, and thousands of poor students have realized their university dreams.
The school year is coming to an end, and Wang Jinhui's mother is very satisfied with her children's status: "The' sunshine placement' implemented in Tongling treats all children equally, without key classes, and the proportion of teachers is balanced, which is very reassuring." In recent years, compulsory education has basically realized entrance to the nearest school without examination, standardized entrance by scribing, and supervised entrance by sunshine. 19 the proportion of public primary and secondary school students in big cities above the provincial level has exceeded 90%, and the "school choice fever" has shown a cooling trend.
In addition, the "three priorities" principle of "meeting the needs of boarding, nutrition and transportation to and from school" makes the life of left-behind children no longer difficult; The policy of "giving priority to the inflow government, giving priority to public schools, and giving priority to the schooling of the children who move with them" has given the children who move with them a dependence; Measures such as "combining medicine with education", "entertaining education" and "sending education to the door" have made disabled students see hope ... The party and the state guarantee every child's right to education.
Education makes the country prosperous, and education makes the country strong. In the past five years, a series of achievements in education reform and development have really satisfied the people.
Education is the foundation of a strong country. Only by doing a good job in education can the country have hope!