Bochun, Ming Dow, was born in Luoyang in the Song Dynasty. Cheng Yi and his brothers are called "Cheng Er" in the world. His family has been an official for generations, and his great-grandfather Cheng Xizhen was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Shangshu Province. His grandfather Cheng Hao presented the third secretary of history to Kaifu instrument, and his father Cheng Jun was an official and a doctor in Taizhong. Influenced by family studies since childhood, especially by his father Cheng Jun, he is famous for his non-Wang Anshi's new law. After the promotion of Jinshi, the calendar officials were the master book of Jingzhao House, the master book of Shangyuan County of Jiangning House and the order of Zezhou Jincheng. At the beginning of God's reign, he served as an imperial adviser. Because of his disagreement with Wang Anshi's political views, he was not reused, so he devoted himself to academics. Song Shiyuan said: "I have the ambition to seek Tao. It is rampant in various factions, and people have been released for decades, returning to the' Six Classics' and then getting it. " Initiating "Luo Xue" with his younger brother Cheng Yi laid the foundation of Neo-Confucianism. In education, he set up schools in Songyang and Fugou successively, and devoted himself to educational research. He wrote a lot of books and formed a set of educational ideology. Cheng Hao pointed out that the purpose of education is to cultivate saints. "The gentleman's learning, must first learn the sage. If you are not a saint but for yourself, you will abandon it. " Filial piety is filial piety, and younger brother is younger brother, so it is only a saint. "That is to say, the highest purpose of education is to make the educated follow the laws of nature, love the people, love things, and abide by feudal ethics. Learning the Analects of Confucius and Mencius is "knowledge". " What is ridicule when you read The Analects of Confucius and Mencius without knowing it? "Great Learning and The Doctrine of the Mean cannot be neglected." The way of a university is to be well-known and knowledgeable, and The Doctrine of the Mean is not as brilliant as The Doctrine of the Mean. In short, education must take Confucian classics as teaching materials and Confucian ethics as the basic content of education. Cheng Hao also suggested that reading should aim at "explaining meaning and principle" and pay attention to reading methods. It is a great misfortune for scholars to "study on the premise of being poor and practical" and not "get stuck at the end of the chapter and sentence". Cheng Hao's educational thought, like his Neo-Confucianism, has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Later generations set up shrines or academies where he gave lectures to commemorate the origin of studying. In the first year of Jiayou, Song Renzong (1056), Ercheng Temple was established in the place where the Book of Changes was published in Shi Jing (now on the left side of the Wanfo Pagoda in Kaifeng, Henan). In the 20th year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1489), Li Yan, the governor of Henan Province, built the Daliang Academy in Ercheng Temple and dedicated Ercheng in the lecture hall. In addition, Songyang Academy was established to commemorate Cheng. "Preface to the Records of Songyang Academy" said: "Songyang Academy, the place where books were collected in the Song Dynasty, had a free time and gave lectures with a group of disciples". His works were collected by later generations as Cheng Ercheng's suicide note, including Cui Yan, Zhu's suicide note (the original book of Cheng Ercheng's quotations), Waishu and Cheng Hao's anthology.

Cheng Yi (1033 ~ 1 107) educator. Uncle Zheng, known as Mr. Yichuan, was born in Luoyang in the Northern Song Dynasty. For Hao Cheng's brother. Calendar officer Ruzhou should be promoted forever, and Professor imperial academy from Xijing. In the first year of Yuan You (1086), in addition to the secretary of the provincial school, he also gave a storyteller in Chongzheng Hall. Together with his brother Cheng Hao, he founded Luo Xue, which laid the foundation of Neo-Confucianism. Influenced by his father's family studies, his political thoughts were greatly influenced by his father's process. He recommended his father's opposition to Wang Anshi's new law as "one person is the only one", and said that his younger brother Cheng Hao praised Gong Jing (Wang Anshi) for saying that "there are many differences, everything must be discussed". His brother Cheng Hao not only has the same academic thought, but also has the same educational thought.

At the age of 24, he taught in Jingshi (now Tazuo, Kaifeng, Henan Province). Song Shenzong Xining for five years (1072) taught in Songyang with his younger brother. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), Fugou County was famous for "establishing a state of emergency, and the sons of Juyi should teach it". In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Wen Yanbo presented the manor of the town (now Yichuan County, Luoyang, Henan Province) to Cheng, who built his own academy and gave lectures for nearly 20 years. Like Cheng Hao, he advocated that the purpose of education is to cultivate saints. "The sage's ambition is to make the old people feel safe, which is believed by friends and cherished by few people." The saint takes heaven and earth as his heart, and "everything is repeated, but it is appropriate." Therefore, education must take cultivating saints as its professional ambition. In terms of educational content, it advocates taking ethics as the foundation, and "a scholar must be a prophet." Benevolence is the same thing, and righteousness, wisdom and faith are all benevolent. "History of Song Dynasty" said that he "learned from the scriptures in good faith, took the university, the Analects of Confucius, Mencius and the golden mean as the key link, and reached the Six Classics".

Education focuses on moral education and self-cultivation through knowledge, discipline and poverty. "If you know it, you should gradually realize its wisdom", and knowing it lies in poverty, that is, doing justice. The way to know is to "do things right". "Ge," "Ge" is to know the reason from the inner feeling of things. "If the eyes and ears can see and hear but not be far away, the qi is limited and the heart is far away", so the key to understanding things lies in the "heart". The heart is "in harmony with heaven and earth, with the sun and the moon, not outside", so knowledge attaches importance to "inner feelings" rather than external things. In learning methods, emphasis is placed on seeking the meaning. "Anyone reading a text must first understand its meaning and then seek its meaning. Without knowing its meaning, no one will understand it. "

In addition, it advocates thinking when reading, "if you don't think deeply, you can't achieve your studies." Or: "Did the scholar get it without thinking?" His educational ideas and thoughts have a great influence on later education. Later generations once set up academies in the places where he gave lectures as a memorial, such as Henan Songyang Academy and Yichuan Academy. In addition, there are academies in memory of him all over the country, which are intended to follow suit and show his thoughts. His works were collected by later generations as Complete Works of Henan Ercheng, Collected Works of Cheng Yi, Yi Zhuan and Jing Shuo.