Nowadays, people generally begin to pay attention to children's early education. It is understandable to put intellectual education in an important position in children's early education. However, the task of intellectual education is not only to impart cultural and scientific knowledge to children, but also to develop their intelligence. More importantly, intellectual education should have correct guiding ideology. Now many parents hope that their children will become the "pillars" of the country as soon as possible and build the "four modernizations". This understanding is a powerful driving force for the implementation of early education, which is commendable. If you become a "brilliant family", "parents live up to expectations", or even use children as a tool to hunt for fame and fortune, the harm to children is extremely great.
While educating children, we should not neglect moral education. Don't praise children too much to prevent them from becoming complacent, conceited and self-righteous. Otherwise, it is easy for children to be divorced from the masses and the collective, narrow-minded, short-sighted, lacking correct learning motivation, and only seeing the wisdom of individuals and the interests of families, but not the wisdom of the masses and the strength of the collective; Will not correctly handle the relationship between individuals and collectives, individuals and countries. Moreover, no child can be a perfect person. We should let them see their own shortcomings, be good at discovering and learning the strengths of others from an early age, and be willing to follow suit. Attention should be paid to training them to study hard for the "four modernizations", love the motherland, love * * *, love the collective, love labor and other excellent communist moral qualities.
When children receive education at an early age, they should not neglect physical education. Only when you have a healthy body can you have enough energy to engage in intellectual activities. The health status of children with extraordinary intelligence after early education is easily overlooked. Because they have a strong interest in learning, strong self-learning ability, quick response, can consciously overcome difficulties, persist in studying hard and practice hard, so they can learn more knowledge and skills than ordinary children. Correspondingly, their brains are heavier and their energy consumption is higher. Therefore, parents should pay special attention to children's physical education, protect their brains, don't ask too much of their children, let alone tie them too tightly and manage them too strictly, and help them establish a scientific work and rest system, pay attention to the regulation of their brains, and cultivate their children to develop good habits of regular exercise to ensure their health. Parents must pay necessary attention to this. Only in this way can children develop morally, intellectually and physically in an all-round way and become outstanding talents in the four modernizations.
Second, the relationship between knowledge and skills and intellectual development
The formation and development of intelligence can not be separated from certain knowledge and skills, especially in the intellectual activities of analyzing and solving problems with thinking. The study and mastery of knowledge and skills can not be separated from intelligence, because the study and mastery of knowledge and skills is a cognitive activity in itself, and intelligence must participate. The better the intellectual development, the easier it is to learn knowledge and master skills. The more knowledge and skills you have, the more you can promote intellectual development. It can be seen that the two are interdependent, mutually restrictive and mutually reinforcing. However, the two are not the same. A child with extraordinary intellectual development does not mean that he has mastered rich knowledge and skills. Some children have a good grasp of knowledge and skills, but their intellectual development is not necessarily extraordinary. This is a common phenomenon.
Therefore, in order to promote children's intellectual development, we must deal with the relationship between them. It is worth mentioning that the basic knowledge and skills of Chinese and mathematics can not be ignored, because Chinese and mathematics are indispensable tools for anyone to engage in study, further study and participate in various practical activities. At present, the development of science and technology is changing with each passing day, and the knowledge of arts and sciences permeates each other and is closely related. Therefore, children should master these two tools at an early age. Some children with extraordinary intelligence are fascinated by learning mathematics, but lack interest in learning Chinese, which is extremely unfavorable for all-round development. Some children are better than their peers in literacy, reading and composition. Parents think their children are great and extraordinary children. However, due to the neglect of the systematic mastery of basic mathematical knowledge, basic concepts and laws and the cultivation of basic computing ability, especially the cultivation and training of logical thinking ability, although the academic performance is good for the time being, the intellectual development is average, which affects the further development of children.
Third, correctly understand the relationship between memory and logical thinking ability.
In daily life, children's memory is often regarded as the only sign to measure whether children's intelligence is extraordinary. In fact, this is not comprehensive. Although memory is also one of the components of intelligence; Generally, children with extraordinary intelligence have the characteristics of strong memory; At the same time, the development of logical thinking ability is also inseparable from memory. The ability of logical thinking, especially the ability to creatively analyze and solve problems, is an important part and core of intellectual structure. Children with extraordinary intellectual development often stand out in this respect.
We know that some children can read two or three thousand words at the age of three or four and recite twenty or thirty poems by Comrade Mao Zedong. Ordinary parents or teachers think that this is an extraordinary performance of children's intellectual development, so they constantly ask their children to recite something from books. However, relying solely on rote knowledge is unreliable and will eventually be forgotten. Therefore, we can't regard children's amazing reciting ability as a manifestation of extraordinary intellectual development. For example, among the more than 100 "prodigies" selected in the Song Dynasty, few were successful. The reason may be that children's recitation ability is cultivated unilaterally, and the development of imagination and thinking ability is replaced by rote memorization. Song Gaozong once asked such a question: Why didn't any "prodigy" who won the award "become famous by taking the exam"? The courtier replied: these boys can only read aloud, but they don't know justice and rules. In other words, they can only recite, not understand, let alone use.
In contemporary daily life, there are often such examples. For example, some children look smart when they are young and have amazing ability to recite poems, but they are not as smart as ordinary children when they grow up. Some students usually study well, but they fail in some competitions and unified exams. This is mostly because when I was studying at school, I relied on rote memorization, or I was only used to answering questions in the way taught by a teacher. I will only follow the same pattern, and I won't draw inferences. Once the way of setting questions changes, it is necessary to use existing knowledge flexibly and creatively analyze and solve problems, and I don't know where to start. On the contrary, some students didn't do very well in school studies and exams, but they made a blockbuster in some competitions and unified exams, ranking among the best. This is related to their good thinking and flexible use of what they have learned. Therefore, we must educate all children to correctly handle the relationship between memory and logical thinking. Even materials that must be recited, such as letters, symbols, formulas, definitions, rules, etc. , we should try to find out some connections and relationships between these materials; Learning must not stay at the level of memory. On the basis of memory, we should also use abstraction, generalization, judgment and reasoning to continuously develop and improve our logical thinking ability.
Fourth, develop the relationship between intelligence and practical activities
The development of people's psychology is inseparable from practical activities. It is an objective law that children's psychological and intellectual development must also go through various activities.
Some parents attach great importance to early education, but lack correct educational methods. They are eager for success and always hope to get results in a short time, so they adopt closed-door teaching methods: surprise, surprise and hard irrigation, and don't let children participate in other activities. In ancient times, there were also such examples. Some parents even let their children sit in bamboo baskets and put them in bushes, "absolutely seeing and hearing" and "suffering day and night" in order to produce early results. This method blocks all the sources of children's wisdom, turns a blind eye, just rote learning, and is absolutely not good for developing children's intelligence. To cultivate and develop children's intelligence, children must be exposed to life, know the environment, be good at absorbing wisdom and nutrition from practical activities, learn to observe nature and society, develop their analytical and thinking abilities, and explore ways and means to solve problems. Only in this way can children really grow into pillars of the four modernizations.