A large number of literary works with both quality and beauty have been selected in the Chinese textbook of the Soviet Education Edition, and some of them have created characters with an open mind, boundless love and lofty soul. Some describe the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and show natural beauty; Show the long history and splendid culture of the Chinese nation; There are ancient and modern poems that express the beauty of language and music, writing and architecture, poetry and rhythm. These texts all reflect the inner beauty of the works in different ways and are full of simple aesthetic feeling. The strong humanistic atmosphere embodied in the teaching materials affects students all the time, making them accept the ideas of truth, goodness and beauty as well as knowledge. Therefore, as Chinese teachers, we should make full use of the moral advantages of Chinese subjects and actively explore how to make good use of Chinese textbooks in Chinese teaching. It is necessary to thoroughly study the teaching materials, fully tap the moral education content in the teaching materials, find the breakthrough point of moral education, and strengthen the infiltration of moral education. In teaching practice, teachers should not preach in an empty and boring way, and artificially set a high level. Teachers should avoid going to extremes in teaching: they should not only teach Chinese knowledge, but also emphasize ideological education. Teachers should prepare lessons thoroughly, and combine teaching with emotion and teaching with reason in teaching, so as to achieve the effect of teaching and educating people. For example, the text "Sunset in Sanya" allows students to experience the beauty of color, shape and artistic conception of the sunset in Sanya and stimulate their thoughts and feelings of loving nature and the motherland. The text of "Lugouqiao bonfire" enables students to understand the historical facts of the "Lugouqiao Incident", understand the crime of Japanese aggression, and arouse their reverence for the heroic actions of our soldiers and civilians in fighting against aggressors. The poem Ode to a Lime helps students to understand the noble quality of the poet's resolute struggle against evil forces.
Second, grasp the educational level in Chinese teaching, identify the moral education point, choose the infiltration method, and give full play to the moral education function of Chinese subject.
Suhomlinski said: "Moral principles can only be pursued, acquired and experienced by students themselves, and only become students' independent personal beliefs can they truly become students' spiritual wealth." And our primary school Chinese teachers shoulder the two major tasks of "teaching" and "educating people". Therefore, in Chinese teaching, we should grasp the educational level, identify the moral education point, choose the infiltration method, and give full play to the main channel role of Chinese classroom teaching, so that students can get vivid and natural ideological and moral education while acquiring knowledge and developing their abilities, and receive the effect of "spring breeze melts rain and moistens things silently".
1, with the help of solid and effective Chinese teaching activities, moral education is infiltrated into the understanding and application of language and characters.
Most of the texts in primary school Chinese textbooks published by Jiangsu Education Publishing House are excellent in quality and distinctive in theme, and they are all excellent products for ideological and moral education of students. However, the intention of moral education in textbooks is deeply hidden between the lines of every article, and there is no direct expression. Therefore, to appreciate an article, we should move from words to emotions and from eyes to heart. In teaching, we should grasp words, phrases and sentences, combine the training of listening, speaking, reading and writing, and train students in a down-to-earth manner. With the help of solid and effective Chinese teaching activities, moral education is infiltrated into the understanding and application of language and characters, and the effect of "sneaking into the night with the wind and moistening things silently" is achieved. For example, when teaching the text "The Last Posture", I grasp the three actions of "pulling, supporting and protecting" to highlight "supporting" and guide students to understand and feel "what kind of supporting is this". Supporting on the table and hunching means that Mr. Tan will use his flesh and blood to block everything that is smashed; Supporting himself on the table, Mr. Tan has put life and death at risk; Hold the desk tightly. He wants to protect the four students under the desk. Read this action repeatedly in combination with the following section, so that Mr. Tan's character image can be established in the students' minds and become tall. This kind of "support" made the students deeply moved and unforgettable, and paid high tribute to Teacher Tan.
Reading aloud is the most frequent and important training in Chinese reading teaching. The author's thoughts and feelings between the lines are easy to resonate with students, and can deeply infect students and cultivate their thoughts and sentiments. Teachers should grasp the key words, sentences and paragraphs in the text, guide students to read aloud with emotion, and let students understand in reading and read in understanding. For example, when teaching the text "Captain", I guide students to repeatedly read the dialogue between Halwei Captain and Locke's mechanic and Hautcoeur's first mate in the dark, and feel the spirit of Halwei Captain's loyalty and self-sacrifice.
2. Chinese classroom teaching should be combined with students' real life and deepen moral education.
In Chinese classroom teaching, teachers should make full use of moral education materials in textbooks, identify the breakthrough point of moral education, adhere to positive inspiration, guide students to contact their real life, pour out their inner feelings and inspire each other on the basis of understanding the content of the text, and be influenced and infected by the thoughts and feelings of the text in a subtle way. For example, when teaching "learn to cooperate", in addition to the examples of cooperation in the text, I also guide students to associate examples in life, such as various collective appraisal activities in schools, radio exercises, tug-of-war competitions, etc., so that students can understand the connotation of cooperation in their own experiences and be subtly affected.
3. In composition teaching, seize the opportunity and combine it with moral education.
Composition is a creative thinking process for students to contact and experience life, creatively refine life, beautify life and integrate into their own emotions. Composition is a creative work for students to express their thoughts and feelings by using language, which embodies their self-personality and inner feelings. Composition teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching and an important way to shape students' minds. Therefore, in composition teaching, students can be guided to observe the society in an all-round way, understand the society more deeply, praise the truth, goodness and beauty in life, attack the false, evil and ugly in reality, cultivate students' correct view of right and wrong and organically infiltrate moral education. If the six-year study life in primary school is coming to an end, students must have a lot to say to their teachers. I will instruct the students to write a letter to their teacher. When doing the problem, inspire students to review the teacher's care and teaching in their six-year study life, and express their attachment and gratitude to the teacher through specific examples and typical scenes.
4. Extracurricular extension and continuation of moral education.
Extracurricular reading is an important way to implement Chinese moral education. Actively carrying out Chinese extracurricular reading with rich content and various forms is not only conducive to developing students' will and personality characteristics, but also conducive to cultivating students' noble moral sentiments. Teachers should recommend relevant reading materials to students according to their age characteristics, hobbies and ideological reality, list the bibliography and guide students to read. It is necessary to strengthen reading guidance, stimulate students' interest in extracurricular reading, and teach them reading methods, especially evaluation and appreciation methods, so that students can gain something from reading.
Practically carrying out Chinese extracurricular activities to promote students' moral education. Chinese extracurricular activities can not only enrich students' Chinese knowledge, but also promote students' Chinese ability and ideological and moral edification. The design of extracurricular activities should be close to students' real life, hierarchical and targeted, insist on choosing positive and good examples, and cultivate excellent moral quality, enterprising spirit and patriotic feelings. By rehearsing the short plays "Apologize with a humble apology" and "The little reporter wearing a red scarf", investigating the environmental pollution around us, telling the success stories of celebrities, giving a speech on "I choose myself" and making "My Growth Book", the cultivation of Chinese ability and moral cultivation are organically combined, and moral education is truly integrated into Chinese extracurricular activities.
Third, seriously study students, set an example and practice, and deepen the effect of moral education.
Students are the masters of learning, and teachers' propaganda should not replace students' moral education practice. Only by cherishing and respecting students' unique understanding, experience and sentiment can Chinese classroom moral education be actively accepted by students. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully analyze and study students, treat them differently, and teach them according to their psychological status, age characteristics and learning stage, which is included in moral education. In Chinese teaching activities, students should be guided to actively deepen their understanding and experience, to feel and think, so that they can be infected by emotions, enlightened by thoughts, enjoy aesthetic pleasure and experience the charm of moral education.
Students' ideological and moral character is mainly cultivated by teachers. Confucius said, "It's just and not ordered; His body is not right, although he does not obey. " In Chinese classroom teaching, teachers are the direct role models of students, and teachers' emotions and attitudes directly affect students. Teachers should infiltrate moral education in the classroom, set an example after class, establish a good image in students' minds with elegant appearance and civilized speech, play an exemplary role, cultivate students' correct learning motivation, good style of study, strong will and civilized behavior habits, and improve students' ideological and moral quality.
In short, as Chinese teachers in primary schools, we should constantly explore, study and accumulate in practice, integrate moral education into Chinese teaching, put morality into practice, and truly achieve the realm of "spring breeze melts rain and moistens things quietly".