The sitting system began in the Zhou Dynasty. Qin's social organization is quite strict. Shang Yang's reform established the "sitting system", including: it is forbidden for father and son to share the same room, and citizens with more than two male laborers must be separated and independently compiled. At the same time, according to the military organization and the establishment of the government and the people throughout the country, five are five and ten are ten. Why not act without authorization, supervise each other and report to each other? Don't expose them, ten families sit together. This harsh law firmly binds farmers to the land, and the state directly controls the national labor force to ensure tax revenue. After reunification, Qin extended this to the whole country. Basic introduction

The Left-wing League system is a kind of law popularization method suitable for the regional closed education society, and its function is subversive. It criticizes all closed education and disintegrates it, thus realizing the unity of legal education. "There is a danger for everyone, and every family protects themselves. The ban is still connected with themselves. He should not only learn and obey the law, but also urge others to learn and obey the law. Learning law has also become a universal crisis. The compulsory force of the leftist punishment is used to popularize the law, the punishment will never leave, and legal education has become law. The historical origin of the sitting system began in Zhou, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period. Shang Yang, the chief architect of the Left-wing League system, regards population control and land possession as the top priority of the country, and strict household registration management is the population household registration management system in China. According to Zhou Li, the Zhou Dynasty set up a special post for the people. In rural grass-roots society, the "Li Wujia" system is often implemented, which is the most basic organizational form to control personal freedom in the authoritarian era. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Qi practiced the "Wu family" system. Why are there ten? The commander-in-chief and the commander-in-chief are responsible for Ye Li's public order. After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin implemented the law of "sitting with all the officers and men", which led to the development of the later system and became a form of personal control in the national grass-roots society for a long time. This enabled the implementation of the state's taxation, corvee and military service policies. The left-wing system embodies that the left-wing system strikes people who have certain social relations with crimes, and it is conviction rather than punishment. Therefore, it can be called "relationship method". Historically, the patriarchal clan system, which paid attention to intimacy, was the main social relationship to be maintained by the feudal legal system. Left-wing League system and patriarchal clan system accompanied the whole feudal civilization and jointly adjusted and maintained the social order for thousands of years. Society is always making progress in the process of elimination, and the reason why the system of "Left-wing League" which specializes in punishing human feelings and relationships has such lasting vitality itself shows that it is progressive, reasonable and in line with the law of social development. So how are these reflected? Han Feizi, a famous legalist representative in the Warring States period, once had an incisive exposition of "dividing the system", saying, "It is good to rule the country after one's husband dies, and to stop rape. What is this? "Its method is related to human feelings and governing the country, so what can we do to see each other? Day: Gary is just sitting by, and there are people who have contact with him, so I have to spy on each other, for fear that those who avoid it and are treacherous will not succeed, and there will be many peeping people. In this way, you should carefully monitor him and tell him the secret of rape. Those who accuse him will be exempted from punishment, and those who lose him will be punished. In this way, rape was carried out, and rape will not be elaborated. " This interpretation exposes the collapse of the system of "everyone is in danger, and every household protects itself" and mutual supervision. The emergence of the left-wing system has its inevitability. The economic characteristics of the Chinese nation's single agricultural means of production determine its closed lifestyle dependent on consanguinity, and its educational environment is relatively independent and closed. This can be seen from the problems left over from many remote villages, such as different pronunciation, different customs, and one village with one surname. In fact, the Leftist League criticized and disintegrated this closed form of education, adjusted and standardized the patriarchal social relations based on the emperor's ruling interests, unified the patriarchal society under Wang Fazhi, and the prohibition remained connected, resulting in the rule of law situation in which everyone feared for himself, everyone protected himself and everyone enforced the law, which objectively played a role in promoting the popularization of law and unifying the legal system. The characteristics of the left-wing system The left-wing system was written in Li Kui's "Fa Jing" in the late Qing Dynasty and the Warring States Period, and it ran through the legal history of feudal civilization. The corresponding penalties accompanying this system also reflected the characteristics of social contradictions at that time. Law, in a broad sense, is a summary of the law of social survival and development, and the corresponding punishment is a simulation of the crisis faced by social survival and development. Its essence is education. In this land of "the sea in the east and quicksand in the west" and "Shangshu Gong Yu", there are two rivers, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, which are nourished by people and rich in products. Apart from floods and droughts, other large-scale natural disasters are rare. So as to develop the overall innovation of social education productivity and natural material productivity, but only stay in the opposition between social education and material production, and stay in the economic form of "rule by man and support by man". In the feudal legal system, the inherent interests are relative. The contradiction between the Left-wing League system and the clan system is also a reflection of this social form, and the punishment also embodies the characteristics of war terrorism with violence, and the punishment is replaced by punishment and heavy punishment. The abolition of the joint seat system was one of the achievements of the legal reform movement in the late Qing Dynasty, which was inseparable from the efforts of Shen Jiaben and Wu, then ministers of law revision. Under their vigorous advocacy, the Qing court finally officially announced the abolition of continuous cropping system in 1905. At this point, the clan criminal sitting system was officially abolished in law. However, this abolition has great reservations. This reservation profoundly reflects the rulers' reluctance to part with this ancient system. Once necessary and possible, the rulers will not hesitate to pick up this rusty butcher's knife again and slaughter the people. For China, a country that has always maintained its confidence in tradition and is proud of its satisfaction, it is impossible to completely get rid of stereotypes, especially those that can serve tyrants and tyrants. Therefore, it is not surprising that some tyrannical makers will naturally cherish the memory of traditional culture-rich punishment methods, such as group punishment and sitting punishment. This also gives us a historical and cultural understanding of the phenomenon of clan punishment in modern society. Evaluation of the role of the left-wing system in promoting the popularization of law: the left-wing system is a system, in which a person commits a crime, and people who have some relationship with it are also implicated and considered guilty. "History of Han Criminal Law" records that "Qin used Shang Yang to sit side by side, so that he could participate in foreign affairs." In the Qin dynasty, the scope of sitting together included relatives sitting together, leading five people sitting together, positions sitting together, and different relatives sitting together in different historical periods. Zhuang Ting Jackie Chan, the author of the book "Ming History" in the "Ming History Case" of the Wenzi Prison in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, is dead, and his brothers, sons and nephews, readers and saviors still don't know in advance. Left-wing writers are mainly used for the first few "ten evils", such as rebellion, rebellion and trial. , thus directly threatening the entire ruling order. "Ming History Case" is not only "rebellion", but also used for serious criminal offences. For example, "if you don't commit a crime, kill three people who are not capital crimes and help others, you will all be put to death regardless of whether you obey it for the first time or not." Your wife will flow three thousand miles, the person who makes animal poison will be hanged, and the cohabitant will flow three thousand miles. " The harm of the left-wing system from the left-wing system to harmony and integrity Neighborhood relations were consolidated in a very cruel way in the Qin Dynasty, which is the so-called left-wing system. Is a family crime, neighbors sit together. This enabled the neighboring countries of the Qin Dynasty to form a relationship of mutual supervision. On September 29th, 2006, with the approval of the Supreme People's Court, Jilin Intermediate People's Court sentenced Sang Yuechun, the former president of Changchun Jigang Group, who had embezzled more than 65.438+0.2 billion yuan, to death for several crimes. The division of labor within this family-owned enterprise is clear: some are responsible for public relations and dredge the judicial department and government departments; Some act as thugs to maintain the internal order of enterprises; Some are responsible for "legal affairs", including going abroad to go to court, preventing employees from petitioning, putting pressure on the government and so on. After the merger of Yuguang Electronics Factory, Sang Yuechun fired more than 70 employees who opposed him in one breath. He also laid eyeliner in the factory and family area, and designed a set of "sitting system" modeled on the ancient "sitting system". If one person opposes him, many people will be implicated. From "Left-wing League System" to "Harmony and Honesty" Left-wing League System in North Korea In ancient times, when the Left-wing League system in North Korea committed a felony, the criminal himself and related suspects or relatives must also be punished, and all family members will be deprived of their second-class status. Punishment. Punishment. Transfer to a foreign official position, that is, attendance work in other regions. In the border areas or dangerous areas where Japanese pirates frequently appear in the south, they are often transferred to the northern Jurchen nationality. Confiscate all the property of the prisoner's family, and put the words "Broken House and Pig Ze" on the gate as the seal of the prisoner's house demolition. When committing a felony, the criminal himself, relevant suspects or relatives must also be punished, and all family members will also be deprived of their second-class status. External employment is a punishment.

Definition of sitting posture

Wei Yang (that is, Shang Yang) reformed the State of Qin, and in order to consolidate the imperial system, he promulgated the Lianzuo Law. This is based on household registration. Weiyang Legalist School believes that in order to realize the "supreme rule" of the monarch, it is necessary to make "husband and wife should not abandon evil and cover up evil, should not harm their relatives, and should not hide from each other." In other words, the closest husband and wife and friends can't shield each other, but should report to the government, so that any "evil" and "wrong" can't be hidden. Only in this way, "those whose potential is difficult to hide are not unreasonable" (Shang Jun Shu Zheng pian) [1]. The purpose of implementing the law of sitting together is to let the people guarantee each other, supervise each other and expose each other. If one person is guilty, five people sitting together, even one foot, can't do evil. The organization of "martial arts" has been mentioned many times in Qin Law, such as "What are the neighbors? The neighbor is Wu, and his name is (also). " Anyone who is a "servant" below a doctor should be included in the "Wu" household registration. If a person commits a crime, he should be a servant. This method of sitting together is not only practiced among the residents of the village, but also in the ranks of the army. "The Book of Shang Jun" says that "the law between the lines is five consecutive lines" ("Painting Strategy"); He also said that "in a war, five people come (as" bunches ") as friends, one feather (as" escape ") and four people are light (as" thirty ")" (the year of territory), which means that in a war, five people are registered on the roster, one person escapes and the other four people are punished. Sitting together means that a person is involved in a crime because he has a certain relationship with the criminal.