Great Expectations, also known as Tears of a Lone Star, is an educational novel written by British writer Charles Dickens in his later years. The background of the story is from 18 12 Christmas eve to 1840 winter. Pip, the hero of Orphan, tells the story of three life stages from the age of seven in an autobiographical way. [1] This novel starts with Dickens' style of expressing Tao, and expresses his views on life and human nature through the ups and downs of orphans in the play. This novel was serialized from August 1860 to 186 1 in the weekly magazine All Seasons of the Year produced by the author. It has been adapted into movies, TV plays and stage plays for many times in the past hundred years, with a total of 59 chapters, describing Pip's three life stages. The first stage consists of 19 chapters, and the second and third stages each have 20 chapters. In some versions, the number of chapters in each stage starts from chapter 1, but both the original version and the latest version are written from chapter 1 to chapter 59. At the end of chapters 19 and 39, the author tells readers that Pip has completed a life stage. In the first stage, Pip is an orphan, living with her grumpy sister and gentle husband Joey. Although Pip was poor in food and clothing, he was satisfied with this life and his friends until he was hired by the cynical Miss Havisham to play with her proud and beautiful adopted daughter Estella. From then on, Pip gradually fell in love with Cynthia and despised the family and friends around him. Pip originally studied with the blacksmith Joey, hoping to make a living by his own skills, but one night, Jaggers, a famous London lawyer, was entrusted by a mysterious man to go to London for gentleman training, and Pip's life was greatly reversed. The second stage is London. Pip learned to be a gentleman, got a good education, put on beautiful clothes and lived a high-class life there. When I was a child, I had to live by manual labor. Now I have a generous living allowance. When he adapted to this new environment, he not only made a large number of celebrities and descendants, but also competed with them for the heart of Sifengna. The biggest competitor is Bentley Cumur. Pip not only changed his position, but also began to have a sense of class: when Joey sent Pip important information, Pip was ashamed of his old friend's rude behavior. At this moment, the mysterious man who supported him to live a high life appeared, Pip's dream was shattered, and another new stage of his life began. In the third and final stage, he gradually realized a series of moral, physical and economic dilemmas in the upper-class life he deliberately created. One surprising truth after another made him deeply doubt the values he had longed for before. After he rashly abandoned some important things in the past, he is now water under the bridge. The ending of the original book is gloomy and sad, but under the pressure of the publishing house, Dickens wrote a satisfactory ending for Pip. This new ending is considered as the final version. Throughout the book, Dickens, as Pip, has been recalling the past and telling his views on life. Although Pip knew all the results from the first chapter, he only used the method of foreshadowing to let readers know only when the incident happened. In the initial ending, Pip met Estella in the street, and she remarried to a doctor after her husband died. Estella exchanged a few brief pleasantries with him, and then he believed that he would not win her heart in the end. Now, at least he is glad to see Estella is completely different from her before. She is no longer the heartless girl trained by Miss Havisham. After people told him that the ending of this version was too unhappy, Dickens published a revised version with a vague ending, in which Pip revisited the overgrown garden of Shatis Manor after hearing that Estella's husband Jumur had died. He accidentally saw a bigger, more delicate and gentler Estena, who admitted that she had changed. Pip and Estella left the garden hand in hand. Pip knew that nothing could separate him from her. 」

Great Expectations, also known as Tears of a Lone Star, is an educational novel written by British writer Charles Dickens in his later years. The background of the story is from 18 12 Christmas eve to 1840 winter. Pip, the hero of Orphan, tells the story of three life stages from the age of seven in an autobiographical way. The book Great Expectations has 59 chapters and describes the three stages of Pip's life. The first stage consists of 19 chapters, and the second and third stages each have 20 chapters. In some versions, the number of chapters in each stage starts from chapter 1, but both the original version and the latest version are written from chapter 1 to chapter 59. At the end of chapters 19 and 39, the author tells readers that Pip has completed a life stage. In the first stage, Pip is an orphan, living with her grumpy sister and gentle husband Joey. Although Pip was poor in food and clothing, he was satisfied with this life and his friends until he was hired by the cynical Miss Havisham to play with her proud and beautiful adopted daughter Estella. From then on, Pip gradually fell in love with Cynthia and despised the family and friends around him. Pip originally studied with the blacksmith Joey, hoping to make a living by his own skills, but one night, Jaggers, a famous London lawyer, was entrusted by a mysterious man to go to London for gentleman training, and Pip's life was greatly reversed. The second stage is London. Pip learned to be a gentleman, got a good education, put on beautiful clothes and lived a high-class life there. When I was a child, I had to live by manual labor. Now I have a generous living allowance. When he adapted to this new environment, he not only made a large number of celebrities and descendants, but also competed with them for the heart of Sifengna. The biggest competitor is Bentley Cumur. Pip not only changed his position, but also began to have a sense of class: when Joey sent Pip important information, Pip was ashamed of his old friend's rude behavior. At this moment, the mysterious man who supported him to live a high life appeared, Pip's dream was shattered, and another new stage of his life began. In the third and final stage, he gradually realized a series of moral, physical and economic dilemmas in the upper-class life he deliberately created. One surprising truth after another made him deeply doubt the values he had longed for before. After he rashly abandoned some important things in the past, he is now water under the bridge. The ending of the original book is gloomy and sad, but under the pressure of the publishing house, Dickens wrote a satisfactory ending for Pip. This new ending is considered as the final version. Throughout the book, Dickens, as Pip, has been recalling the past and telling his views on life. Although Pip knew all the results from the first chapter, he only used the method of foreshadowing to let readers know only when the incident happened. Ending Charles Dickens wrote two endings for Great Expectations. In the initial ending, Pip met Estella in the street, and she remarried to a doctor after her husband died. Estella exchanged a few brief pleasantries with him, and then he believed that he would not win her heart in the end. Now, at least he is glad to see Estella is completely different from her before. She is no longer the heartless girl trained by Miss Havisham. After people told him that the ending of this version was too unhappy, Dickens published a revised version with a vague ending, in which Pip revisited the overgrown garden of Shatis Manor after hearing that Estella's husband Jumur had died. He accidentally saw a bigger, more delicate and gentler Estena, who admitted that she had changed. Pip and Estella left the garden hand in hand. Pip knew that nothing could separate him from her. 」

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