In hand-drawing, we should pay attention to the expression of shape, color and texture, as well as design ideas and composition layout. Let's follow me to learn the hand-drawn skills and drawing process, hoping to help you!
Hand-painted skills 1. Conceptual modeling
First of all, we should use perspective to express the structure of the object, build a spatial framework, then use artistic methods to express light and shade, color and texture, and finally complete the spatial representation diagram, thus reflecting the designer's intention. In the process of painting modeling, the focus is on the performance of perspective. It is not enough to express the three-dimensional effect with a single line. In order to strengthen the three-dimensional sense, we must use the relationship between light and shade. In hand-drawn expression, the application of three aspects and five tones in sketch can be summarized and simplified according to the needs of design effect. In the actual design performance, you should choose complex and universal expressions according to the different uses of the renderings, so as to express your design ideas more clearly.
Grasp the color
The colors of general renderings should be concise, general and vivid, so as to reduce the complexity of colors. In order to enhance the artistic effect, some color renderings can be represented by colored paper as the background color. First, the colors are unified; second, the painting time is saved; third, the colors can be well unified to enhance the painting and interest.
When using color to express the effect diagram, we should not only show the relationship between color and object brightness, but also pay attention to the texture effect of different materials. According to the characteristics of different surface materials, the corresponding pen lifting methods should be adopted. If the surface texture is not obvious, you can keep the direction of the pen consistent, and the colored pen should have speed. Clean and neat, the dark parts can be drawn with changing strokes, and the colors are cold and warm.
Pursuing texture
In art, grasping the realism of different objects in different ways is called texture. The expression method of texture plays a great role in indoor hand painting. The purpose of learning expression techniques is to make the renderings of design results more realistic and convincing. The natural characteristics of different substances are called natural textures, such as air, water, rocks, bamboo, etc. The expression after artificial treatment is called artificial texture, such as brick, ceramic, glass, cloth, plastic and so on. Different textures give people a variety of feelings such as softness, truthfulness, smoothness, tenacity, transparency and turbidity.
(1) shows metallic texture. The transition between light and shade is soft, and the contrast is strong under the irradiation of light. When expressing the surface with strong glossiness, we should pay attention to the treatment of highlights, reflections and reflections. The brush strokes should be parallel and neat, which can be expressed with a ruler.
(2) Expressed the texture of transparent materials. Glass (colored and colorless) should master the polygonal relationship between reflected part and transmitted light. Transparent materials are basically expressed by the background color of the environment and the color of light irradiation.
(3) wood grain. Mainly the performance of wood grain, according to the variety of wood. First paint a layer of wood background color, and then draw wood grain lines by hand. Wood grain lines are shallow first and then deep, which makes wood grain naturally smooth.
(4) the performance of stone texture. Stones are widely used indoors. Its texture is hard, smooth and bright. When displaying, we should paint a thin layer of background color according to the inherent color of the stone, leaving high light and reflection, and then draw the texture of the stone appropriately with Gou Xianbi.
(5) Expression of leather and plastic texture. Leather and plastic surfaces are smooth and non-reflective, between glass and wood. They are not as bright as glass, but they are very shiny compared with wood. The transition between light and shade should be slow, and the coloring should be natural and even.
4. Layout of ideas
Correctly grasping the concept and conception of design and deeply understanding the design intention are the primary focus of learning performance techniques. Therefore, we must improve our professional theoretical knowledge and cultural and artistic accomplishment, and cultivate creative thinking ability and profound understanding ability as an important training purpose throughout our study.
Composition is an indispensable initial performance stage in any painting, and decorative design performance diagram is no exception. The so-called composition is to organically combine many modeling elements on the screen, arrange them in appropriate positions in the screen according to the theme required by the design, and form a picture that is both opposite and unified, so as to achieve a visual and psychological balance.
As a future decoration designer, hand-drawing is a professional language. Compared with computer graphics, it is highly efficient and expressive, which is irreplaceable by computers and cannot be discarded. Hand-painted techniques should be maintained and developed, and more attention should be paid to the experience accumulation of hand-painted sketches and creative performance analysis diagrams. In addition, the communication medium between designers and computer draftsmen also lies in sketches, which is essential. With the continuous improvement of owners' aesthetic level and cultural accomplishment, it is not far to report or exchange ideas directly with sketches. Therefore, the artistic characteristics and advantages of hand-drawn design determine its position and role in expressive design, and its expressive skills and methods are full of natural artistic temperament, so expressing artistic beauty between design rationality and artistic freedom has become the goal pursued by designers. Designers' expressive skills and artistic styles are matured through constant tempering and accumulation in practice, so understanding and mastering the techniques and methods is the basis for the maturity of expressive techniques, and the effect of hand-painted expression can reach the realm of both form and spirit, which is the highest realm that art endows environmental images with spirit and life, and also the embodiment of artistic quality and value.
Rendering specification 1. Rendering in the rendering process:
The market or customer service department places an order (effect chart task list), signs the task list and fills in the schedule.
The drawing model supervisor confirms the signature and sends the sample to Party A..
Adjust according to Party A's opinions and send the samples to Party A for confirmation.
The person in charge of pasting materials and rendering samples confirms and signs the samples and sends them to Party A..
According to Party A's opinions, adjust the renderings and pictures of local important materials and submit them to Party A for confirmation, and submit them to the supervisor for post-processing.
Deliver it to Party A for local adjustment, and send it to Party A to inform the marketing department to complete the feedback from the marketing department and fill in the task list for completing the effect diagram.
Submit it to the department head for filing, and submit the task list and drawing backup file at the end of the month for accounting and upgrading.
Second, the overall principle:
1. All the designer's tasks are placed in the working disk folder, which is named according to the year, month and project name. (09. 10.0 1XXXXXX)
2. The rendered project file must include model folder (original model and modified model cannot be replaced), material folder (including all materials), rendered file (rendered TIF picture and TGA channel folder) and photon file.
3. The model mapping (referring to the material texture and mapping coordinates) is not completed, or it is forbidden to start the vr renderer without the approval of the supervisor.
4. All monomer models, materials, renderings and photons must be real names.
5. Establish a model by eliminating the accumulation of wood. If a single object consists of multiple parts, it must be grouped;
Third, the model requirements
(1) The unified size of the building model is millimeters (mm).
(2) Import the CAD file into MAX and return to zero;
(3) The same object must be copied through association;
(4) The accurate scale must be consistent with the actual object size;
(4) Try to use broken lines instead of curves;
(5) When building a transparent mapping object, only one piece is needed;
(6) When building a large number of objects such as window frames, try to use a bar on the same line;
(7) At the beginning, try to control the number of segments and try to delete the non-meeting;
(8) The terrain is built into pieces, and the side faces are sealed with kerbs, leaving no bottom surface;
(9) Coplanarity is not allowed (walls made of different materials are easy to be coplanar). [1]( 10) Handover shall be seamless and aligned.
Grasp the number of (12) model faces: generally, the number of faces is less than 100 objects and less than150,000 faces. There are less than 300 complex single objects and less than 300,000 surfaces (25% of the complex buildings in Europe). The aerial view of this group is less than 1000 objects and less than 2 million surfaces.
Rendering is a more general term. We subdivide it into architectural renderings, decoration renderings and industrial product renderings. This paper focuses on the architectural renderings and decoration renderings. Understanding architectural renderings can be divided into
1. Advertising renderings: This rendering method focuses on the environment and greening around the building, and has little requirement for the performance of the building itself. Then more emphasis is placed on the color of the internal renderings, especially on the contrast between cold and warm colors. The color saturation of the whole picture and the contrast between light and dark are relatively more artistic and idealistic. Most of the renderings in this respect are favored by general builders and can be accepted by ordinary people. The advantage is that the visual effect is good and it is easy to attract buyers. The disadvantage is that the credibility is low, and developers often fail to achieve the expected results in the renderings.
2. Photo renderings: This expression method focuses on the true reproduction of the whole building. Usually, such renderings are gray, and the requirements for the authenticity of the surrounding environment are strict, so try to pursue the photo effect. The production method generally needs to be synthesized by a large number of real digital pictures. Advantages: high credibility. Through it, you can basically imagine the effect of the whole building after completion. Disadvantages: the production is difficult and the visual impact is not very good. But this kind of effect expression technique will be an absolute development direction in a year or two, for the simple reason that people gradually don't believe in those perfect effect diagrams.
3. Structural renderings: This kind of renderings are mainly aimed at people with higher education and architects themselves, with the focus on trying to reflect the beauty of the building itself. Mr. Lu Zhenggang, general manager of Beijing Crystal Stone, once said that there are two kinds of performance of architectural roaming animation, one is realism. The main pursuit of this kind is to be as close to real life as possible. 2. The category of architecture is mainly used to reflect the architect's creative conception and the process of design completion when designing a building. This kind of performance doesn't need blue sky, wide land, many people and cars, nor many environmental flowers and plants. It just shows the building itself.
The same is true in the performance of static renderings. Our focus is to reflect the beauty of the building itself, so the sky, background, trees and so on can be omitted. This kind of renderings are mainly used for bidding. The decoration renderings are relatively simple. We only need to make it according to a certain proportion according to the scheme provided by the designer. We only need the level of the main space when lighting, because the indoor space is not as wide as the outdoor space, and it is easy to make the whole space look dull and unchanged when lighting. Another point in the performance of the decoration renderings is that the whole picture should be as warm as possible.
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