The design of teaching system is to examine education and teaching itself as a whole system, and to design, develop, operate and manage it in a systematic way, that is, to design, implement and evaluate the teaching system as a whole, so as to make it a system with the best function. Therefore, systematic method is the core method of teaching system design and the consensus of researchers and practitioners. Both macro-teaching system design and micro-teaching system design emphasize the application of systematic methods.
The systematicness of the teaching system design process determines that the teaching design should start from the overall function of the teaching system, comprehensively consider the position and function of teachers, students, teaching materials, media and other factors in teaching and their relationships, and form the basis for formulating and selecting strategies by using system analysis techniques (learning demand analysis, learning content analysis and learner analysis); Through strategy optimization technology (the formulation of teaching strategy and the selection of teaching media) and evaluation control technology (experiment, formative evaluation, modification and summative evaluation), the optimal scheme for solving complex teaching problems related to people is gradually formed, and the best effect is achieved in implementation.
2. Theory and innovative design of teaching system.
As a sub-category of design science, teaching system design not only has the basic characteristics of general design activities, but also has its own uniqueness due to the complexity of teaching situation and the rich individual differences of teaching objects.
First of all, design activity is a kind of theoretical application activity, which determines that the design of teaching system must be carried out under the guidance of certain theories, and it is a comprehensive application of learning theory and teaching theory; Secondly, there is a certain distance between the highly abstract theory and the practice with rich situations and constant development and change. Contradictions always exist, and it is impossible for theory to foresee all problems. Problems in real life sometimes require innovative application of theory, or even transformation, expansion and reconstruction of theory to adapt to new situations and new problems that the original theory failed to foresee. Therefore, the design of teaching system is a combination of theory and creativity. In practice, we should not only carry out teaching design according to the theory of teaching system design, but also develop the theory in practice and creatively apply and develop the theory of teaching design.
3. The planning and flexibility of the teaching system design process.
There is a certain pattern in the process of teaching system design, which is often expressed by the linear program of flow chart, and the teaching design needs to be carried out according to the established link flow. However, according to the viewpoint of system theory, the relationship between these elements is nonlinear, and they influence and complement each other. For example, teachers choose appropriate teaching strategies and results evaluation methods according to teaching objectives and learners' characteristics. Similarly, the evaluation of the implementation effect of teaching strategies in turn urges teachers to adjust teaching objectives and strategies. Therefore, in practice, all links should be considered comprehensively, and sometimes even the links of analysis and design should be adjusted according to needs, and the mode should be used creatively on the basis of reference mode.
4. The concreteness of teaching system design
Teaching system design is a theory and method developed to solve specific problems in teaching, that is, to solve practical problems in actual teaching, thus forming an optimized learning and teaching system. Therefore, the design process of the teaching system is specific, and the work of each link is also very specific. It can be seen that the success of the teaching system design project depends on the collaborative work of teaching designers, subject experts (including teachers), media designers and other parties.