But Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, saw it, and I will give him and his descendants the land on which he trod, because he followed me wholeheartedly. Shen 1:36
Caleb and Joshua were almost stoned to death.
"Caleb"
The name Caleb () comes from the Hebrew word "dog" (), which may have two meanings when used as a name: it means "courage" or "tenacity"; Or express an identity, meaning "servant".
This name is actually a very common name in ancient times. It has the same name in Ugarit, Phoenician, Ancient Arabic, Amorite, Akkadian and Aramaic. The explanation of this name may be taken from the fierceness and tenacity of dogs, so as a boy's name, it means "brave" or "tenacious".
Another explanation is that this name is often associated with the names of various gods to express the meaning of servants. Is there a name called Kalbi-(il)s in Akkadian? N, Kalbi-(il) Marduk, Kalbi is "Caleb" and S? N is the Mesopotamian moon god (it should have nothing to do with the English word "sin"), marduk is a local god, and these names mean servants of these gods. Is there a name klb in Phoenician? Lm, klb is Caleb, and? Lm is god. "God's dog" means "God's servant".
The seal of Megiddo, 8th century BC. On Shimei and the Servant of Jeroboam
There may be two different people named Caleb in the Bible. One is Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies we are familiar with; The other is Caleb, the son of Heathrow, who only appears in Chronicles 2:18–50. The relationship between these two Calebs is another problem, so I won't go into details here. What we want to emphasize is that Caleb, who we are familiar with, is the son of Jephunneh, and Jephunneh is a Kenizite.
Caleb the Edomite
When Caleb is mentioned in the Bible, it is emphasized that he is the son of Jephunneh. Although the word "someone's son" is common in the Middle East, it is not always added after the name. Caleb's name is mentioned 26 times in the Bible, of which 16 is "the son of Caleb and Jephunneh".
In the Bible, it is mentioned three times that Yefuni is a Kenizi (Min. 32: 12; Book14: 6–14). The word Kenizi () also appears in Genesis15:19–21,as an existing resident of the promised land given to Abraham by God.
The word obviously comes from "Kinas" (? ) changed. Hebrew often ends with a place name or a person name? To express the people in a certain place or the descendants of someone. So "Israel" is the change of "Israel".
There are three people in the Bible named Kenas. One is Caleb's brother (book15:17; Stone1:13; 3:9, 1 1; 4: 13); One is Caleb's grandson (Chr 2. 4: 15). Neither of them can be the ancestors of the Koenigs. The last one is Kena, Esau's son, sometimes called the Kena patriarch (Gen. 36: 1 1,15,42; 1: 36,53). This Kenaz should be the ancestor of the Koenigs.
(As for why God mentioned the "Gini coefficient" to Abraham in Genesis 15: 19, it may be because it is a prediction of the future, or it may be because people directly filled in familiar names when writing the Bible. For example, Zhuang 14: 14 mentioned Dan city, while Shi18: 27–29 clearly told us that it was not until the period of judges that the city was renamed as "Dan". )
Three times in the Bible, Caleb was clearly associated with the tribe of Judah. In Numbers 13:6 and 34: 19, it is said that Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, belongs to the tribe of Judah. These two Chinese translations are slightly different, the original text is exactly the same, "belonging to the Jewish tribe" (? )。 Here, a preposition is used to mean "belonging", instead of directly saying Caleb of the tribe of Judah. The Bible clearly expresses the relationship between Caleb and the tribes of Judah. When Judges 14:6 mentioned that people from the tribe of Judah came to Joshua, Caleb spoke on behalf of the tribe of Judah, and the Bible clearly mentioned that he was a Kenizite.
According to the above scripture, we can draw the conclusion that Caleb was originally born in the Kenizi tribe in the east, but his family eventually became a part of the Jewish tribe and acquired land in Judah. He himself became the proud leader of the tribe of Judah.
Hichem, the author of the original fantasy art "North Africa" by veterans.
Follow wholeheartedly: Caleb's "Gorgeous Turn" in Faith
How did Caleb, who was born in Edom, "turn around beautifully" confidently, becoming not only a real Israeli, but also a model for a whole generation who came out of Egypt? In Deuteronomy 1:36 quoted at the beginning of this article, Moses said that only Caleb (Joshua was omitted here) could enter, followed by 1:37, and Moses complained that even he could not enter. So in a sense, the reward Caleb received was what Moses wanted, and the whole generation of Israel received the greatest blessing at that time.
The Bible explains that Caleb was blessed because he "followed the Lord wholeheartedly".
The phrase "follow the Lord wholeheartedly" is rare, but it only appears six times in the Bible, and five times it is used to describe Caleb. (These six times are min 32:12; Shen1:36; Book 14:8, 9, 14) The first word of this sentence is the verb "overflow" and "full", the second word is the preposition "after XX", and the last word is the name of God. So the literal translation of this sentence should be, "completely after the Lord." Chinese translation means "follow wholeheartedly" or "follow wholeheartedly".
Although Caleb was born in Edom, his early existence in Israel, his "gorgeous turn" in faith to become the leader of the tribe of Judah, and the clear records in the Bible all show us again that God's voters have regarded the faith given by God as the most essential symbol from the beginning.
We see the same revelation not only in Caleb, but also in Abraham and Jacob. All of us in China, as long as we rely on God's grace and "follow the Lord wholeheartedly" in confidence, can also make such a "gorgeous turn" and become God's blessing to China and the world.
Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what?
Caleb's daughter is Absa (Shu15:18–19; Shi1:12–15) is an activist woman rarely recorded in the Bible. Like a tiger without a dog.
Caleb's son-in-law is Othniel (Shu15:17; Judges 1: 13), and Osnier is the first judge in Judges (Judges 3: 7–11) and the best judge considered by theologians. How brave this family is!
But the Caleb family also gave birth to a black sheep, that is, Nabal, the ex-husband of David's wife Abigail, and a rich man (Sam 1. 25:3). No matter how strong the belief tradition is, if there is no good teaching, our descendants will also go astray. Be alert!
Except Caleb, only one person in the Old Testament was described as "following the Lord wholeheartedly", and that was King David. Kings 1 1:6 records that "Solomon did evil in the eyes of the Lord, unlike his father David who followed the Lord wholeheartedly." King Solomon is also an example that we need to watch out for. Without a good education, we may be like King David, with the older generation following wholeheartedly and the next generation going too far.
Wang Lin//Franklin Wang Jian's first page was originally published on September 7, 20 17; On September 3, 20 17, 17 published "He is a foreigner, but he became a hero of Israel and realized Moses' dream" on the micro-reading WeChat account.