Top Ten Floods in the World in the 20th Century
1887 The Yellow River flood in China claimed millions of lives.
The flood-prone areas are mostly in the warm and humid zone and subtropical zone of the northern hemisphere, with dense population, high reclamation degree, numerous rivers and lakes and abundant rainfall. As a rather complex disaster system, flood not only has the flood of the whole water system, but also has local disasters of small-scale rainstorm; There are floods caused by excessive rainfall and secondary floods caused by storms, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tsunamis, avalanches and collapses. There are both natural floods and man-made floods.
The Yellow River is often called. China's sorrow? . It is not only a mother river that creates life and gives grace, but also a furious dragon. Smart and wise human beings miss this fertile yellow land, but the surging Yellow River seems to be dissatisfied with people's stubbornness and still rushes around the Central Plains without scruple. From the 12th year of Emperor Wendi in the Western Han Dynasty to the 20th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty in 2000, there were 3 16 floods in the Yellow River, that is, less than once in 6.5 years. However, it was the spring flood of 1887, which set a tragic record in the world history: this year, after the rainstorm hit Henan Province, the Yellow River swerved through Zhengzhou City and was executed. The fierce river surrounded Zhengzhou City in a few seconds, with a water depth of more than ten meters, destroying Zhongmou City. When the flood peak reached the ancient city of Kaifeng, the water level was nearly 40 meters, completely flooding thousands of villages and towns east of Kaifeng. Although the flood lacks accurate death statistics, the most conservative estimate is 6.5438+0.5 million, and some scholars estimate it is 7 million.
More than 7,000 people died when the dam of Hanston Reservoir burst.
1889 Johnston flood, USA
The Pennsylvania Hill Reservoir dam, which is higher than Johnston, burst its banks, and 20 million cubic meters of water pressure washed away the valley, leaving several towns and Johnston in ruins and 7,000 people dead. In a cemetery of thousands of people, the identity of the victims is unknown and cannot be marked. New york World Magazine published one of the most memorable afterwords of this disaster:? This horror from the sky will never disappear from any city in the United States. Terror followed, more and more worries, crowded cemeteries, broken families, deaths, and the scene was very tragic. Anyone who sees this miracle will be insane. ?
1908 Moscow flood, thousands of people died.
1908 Moscow flood
The annual precipitation in Moscow, Russia is only over 500mm. 1908 The summer climate is abnormal, and the rainfall in one week is close to that in the whole year. The 502-kilometer-long moscow river surged 10 meter, and the river overflowed its banks and invaded coastal towns. Moscow, which has never been hit by floods, has become Zeguo, 1/5 has no roof, and 100 people have lost their lives. Floods rushed along the streets and lanes, causing heavy losses.
19 13 American flood, almost half of the United States was flooded.
19 13 American floods
1 965438+At the end of March, 2003, heavy rain caused the river to surge and burst its banks, flooded a large area of land in Illinois, Indiana and Ohio, and caused heavy loss of life and property in Dayton, Middleton, Hamilton, Pique and Virginia. 1000 people died,1000 people disappeared and lost 50,000. According to news reports, Dayton's last call to the outside world said: Dayton has fallen, cut off from the outside world, and there is only one line to talk. The city government was completely submerged? The flood rushed eastward like a piece of paper. After crossing the city, people ran to the roof and were wiped out like flies.
192 1 year, the Mississippi river in the United States flooded 67 thousand square kilometers of land.
192 1 Mississippi flood in the United States
Also known as the Mississippi River? Old man river? The water here is as muddy as mud soup, and it is flooded almost every year before it is treated. 192 1 April, 2008, a rainstorm occurred in the upper reaches, causing a catastrophic flood in the history of the founding of the United States. 67,000 square kilometers of land in the middle and lower reaches were flooded, many urban and rural buildings were destroyed, thousands of people were flooded and more than one million people were homeless. Flood education has alerted Americans to understand that simple flood control is not feasible, and comprehensive measures such as dredging, damming, canal opening and soil and water conservation must be implemented. As a result, the Mississippi River has been strengthened, making it the largest river in the world.
1943 The flood in Bangladesh killed 3 million people, which is the most deadly disaster in this century.
Bangladesh flood 1943
1843 In August, there was a general rainstorm in Bangladesh, and the rainfall in the Himalayas was more than normal. The water level of the Ganges rose sharply, and all the deltas were submerged. Bangladeshi territory became Wang Yang in 1/2. Although there were few casualties during the flood, due to crop failure, more than 3 million people starved to death in 1944, ranking first in the catastrophe with the largest number of deaths in this century.
195 1 Italian flood, the biggest flood in Europe since this century.
195 1 Italian flood
195 1 in the summer of, heavy rains continued in the Alps, flash floods broke out in northern Italy, rivers of all sizes flooded, the Bo River, the largest river in China, soared and several reservoirs burst. The flood peak swept through the downstream villages and towns, tens of thousands of hectares of fertile land in Bohe River Basin were buried by mudslides, and Bailiwoye became a barren land, killing more than a thousand people. This is the biggest flood in Europe since this century.
1954 Yangtze River flood, drowning 34,000 people.
1954 Yangtze River flood
From late July to early August, 250,000 square kilometers of land 1954 in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China was continuously rainstorm, and the water level of Jingjiang levee exceeded the safe flow for three times, reaching 7 1900 cubic meters at the maximum. In desperation, the Jingjiang flood diversion scheme was considered. Although Wuhan was saved, the affected population 18900 drowned 34,000 people and flooded 34,000 fertile fields.
199 1 year, Bangladesh was flooded, covering two thirds of the country.
199 1 Bangladesh flood
1988 The flood in Bangladesh (which flooded two-thirds of the country's land and lost the homes of 30 million people) was the worst rainstorm and flood in the world in the past century. 199 1 was hit hard again, and the affected population110, isolated mountains, tall buildings and forest spires. Island? It was dark and crowded with people, and poisonous snakes and beasts also concentrated on isolated islands to escape. The battle between man and beast crushed the earth, and the scene of the end of the world was terrible. Death1380,000 people, loss of $3 billion.
1952 Japan flood, the biggest flood in Japan in a hundred years.
1952 Japan flood
1On June 22nd, 952, a typhoon landed from Shizuoka, Honshu Island, Japan, causing 200 casualties. The rainstorm brought by typhoon made the inland sea coast of Seto suffer the most. Rivers flooded, dams collapsed, rice fields disappeared, and national traffic was paralyzed. By July 25th,130,000 people had died. This is the biggest flood in Japan in a hundred years.