Small class safety activities "Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction" teaching plan 1 activity objectives:
1, through exercises, train teachers and children to pass through the safe evacuation passage in an orderly manner according to the environment of the kindergarten in case of earthquake.
2. Educate children to obey the instructions of teachers and adults and make basic self-help behaviors when encountering an earthquake.
3. Cultivate children's safety awareness and self-protection ability in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.
4. Test children's reaction ability and exercise their personal ability.
5. Experience the happiness of The Imitation Game.
Activity preparation:
1, video and pictures
2, understand the basic knowledge of self-help in the earthquake.
Activity flow:
First, feel the disaster brought by the earthquake to mankind.
1, tell the story of the earthquake.
Watch the video
Question: What do the children see? (Children answer: Children talk about their knowledge and feelings)
Watch the video again.
Know not to panic in the event of an earthquake, listen to the teacher's instructions, and evacuate in an orderly manner to avoid injury.
What should we do when the earthquake comes? (children's discussion)
2. Watch the video (ppt)
Pictures (videos) of people evacuating safely.
Second, teach children to evacuate safely and effectively.
1, learn the correct evacuation action.
Question: How can we protect ourselves when we leave during the exercise? The children discussed how to find the most effective protection method. (Put your head in your hands, lean forward and evacuate quickly)
2, show the class evacuation map (back door to the playground empty place)
Observe and find out the path and location of class evacuation in an emergency. Guide children to discuss: Why should we take the path marked in the picture when evacuating? Let the children know that the evacuation path marked in the picture is the closest passage to the outdoor safety area.
3. Inspire children to talk about evacuation methods and precautions. If it is orderly and not crowded; Listen to the teacher's instructions, etc.
4. Organize children's "practical exercises". Shock absorption and emergency evacuation in the exercise room. If the child is crowded and the evacuation time is too long, the teacher will take the child to find out the reason and practice again, so that the child can master the correct and rapid evacuation method.
Third, let children know some basic knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. (picture)
The dangerous vibration period of (1) earthquake is only about one minute. When a strong earthquake occurs, people at home can temporarily hide in solid furniture such as beds and tables (not below), or in small rooms with small span and strong rigidity such as kitchens and bathrooms. After the main earthquake, evacuate to the outside quickly, and pay attention to protect your head when you evacuate. You can protect your head with soft objects such as pillows. Pay attention to turn off the gas and cut off the power supply. People who live in tall buildings can't use the elevator, and don't run to the balcony, especially don't jump off a building.
(2) Students in class and children in kindergarten should hide beside desks and cots (not below). Listen to the teacher's arrangement and don't run around. People in theaters or other public places of entertainment should hide under the stage, orchestra pit, table and counter according to local conditions, protect their heads and never rush to the exit together.
(3) Passengers on the bus should hold their seats or the solid parts on the bus, and don't get off in a hurry. Moving vehicles should slow down and stop in an open place as far as possible.
(4) If you are crossing the bridge, you should firmly grasp the bridge railing and move to the shore immediately after the main earthquake.
(5) People walking in the street should not stay in narrow alleys, nor hide near wires, transformers, chimneys and tall buildings.
(6) People should also stay away from inflammable and toxic factories or facilities, such as petrochemical products, chemicals and gases. In case of fire or toxic gas pollution, you should leave the windward direction quickly.
Small class safety activity "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction" teaching plan 2 Activity objective: Through a series of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction activities, young pioneers can initially understand the causes, distribution, harm and defense measures of earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and mudslides. Understand the relationship between earthquakes and various disasters.
Activity preparation: Collect relevant information about the earthquake.
Activity flow:
I. Announcement of activities
1, young pioneers, the Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan has brought great pain and loss to the people of Sichuan. Who can tell us how much you know about earthquakes? (Team member answers)
2. Team members really know a lot. In this activity, let's learn how the earthquake happened and how to prevent injuries when the earthquake happened.
Second, the activity process
1, all groups communicate with each other to understand the cause of the earthquake.
2. Play a movie about the cause of the earthquake.
3. Show the collected knowledge about earthquakes.
Earthquake refers to the phenomenon that the lithosphere suddenly breaks under the action of internal force, and the energy inside the earth is released in the form of seismic waves, thus causing ground vibration in a certain range. Most earthquakes are related to geological structures. Earthquakes are most likely to occur in areas with faults in the earth's crust and certain activity of faults.
The magnitude of an earthquake is usually expressed by the Richter scale. The greater the energy released by the earthquake, the higher the magnitude. Every time the magnitude increases 1, the energy increases by about 30 times. Usually, earthquakes below magnitude 3 are not felt by people and become microseisms; Earthquakes of magnitude 5 or above will cause different degrees of damage and become destructive earthquakes.
Earthquake is one of the most harmful and influential geological disasters. China is one of the countries with the most serious earthquake disasters in the world. Most provinces and regions in China have experienced earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above. 1976 happened in Tangshan on July 28th. The earthquake of magnitude 8 turned this industrial town with a population of one million into ruins. This is the most destructive earthquake disaster in the world in the 20th century.
In the border area of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, modern crustal activity is strong, and earthquakes are imminent with high magnitude. Due to strong crustal activity, mountain fractures, broken rocks and severe weathering, coupled with clear wet and dry seasons, heavy rains are concentrated. Promote the sudden occurrence of landslides and mudslides. This time, 8 cases occurred in Sichuan. So far, there have been four aftershocks of magnitude 6 or above after the earthquake, which is more destructive than the Tangshan earthquake.
4, the defense of geological disasters
(1) If you encounter an earthquake in a theater, gymnasium, etc. You should be calm, especially when there is a power failure at the scene. Don't shout and don't crowd. You should squat down or hide under the row chairs, pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, protect your head with leather bags, and follow the instructions of the staff after the earthquake and evacuate in an organized manner.
(2) During an earthquake, when you are in a shopping mall, bookstore, exhibition hall, etc. , should choose solid counters, goods (such as low furniture) or columns, and squat down in the inner corner, cover your head with your hands or other things, avoid glass doors and windows, or squat down in the passage, waiting for the earthquake to subside and evacuate in an orderly manner.
(3) In class, students should hold their heads and close their eyes quickly under the teacher's command, and do not run around or jump off a building. After the earthquake, they should leave the classroom in an organized way and go to the nearest open area for shock absorption.
(4) The personnel who are attending classes in the venue should immediately stop attending classes, stabilize the mood of the players, prevent confusion and crowding, and evacuate to the venue in an organized and step-by-step manner.
5. Four Common Sense of Self-help in Earthquake
(1) Don't worry when there is a big earthquake.
Destructive earthquake takes only 12 seconds on average from when people feel the vibration to when buildings are destroyed. In this short time, don't panic, and make a quick choice according to your own environment to ensure safety. If you live in a bungalow, you can run to the door quickly. If you live in a building, don't jump off a building. You should immediately cut off the switch and gas, take refuge in places with small spans such as toilets, or under tables and beds, and evacuate quickly after the earthquake to prevent strong aftershocks.
(2) Many people look for hiding places first.
In schools, shops, theaters and other places where people gather, if you encounter an earthquake, you should avoid panic. After the earthquake, they should immediately hide under tables, chairs or solid objects and evacuate in an orderly manner. Teachers and other field workers must calmly instruct people to take electric shocks on the spot and never take the lead in running around.
(3) Stay away from dangerous areas
If you encounter an earthquake in the street, cover your head with your hands and quickly get away from the building and go to the center of the street. If you encounter an earthquake in the suburbs, you should pay attention to stay away from cliffs, steep slopes, river banks and high-voltage lines. Moving cars and trains should stop at once.
(4) being buried to preserve physical strength.
If you are unfortunately buried under the rubble after the earthquake, try to stay calm and try to save yourself. When you can't get out of danger, you should save your strength, try your best to find water and food, create living conditions, and wait patiently for rescuers.
Third, the team will summarize.
Small class safety activities "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction" teaching plan 3 activity objectives
1. Help children master safety knowledge from an early age and establish safety awareness of self-protection.
2. Design safety education courses to enrich earthquake knowledge, improve earthquake awareness and children's ability to cope with danger.
3. Through drills, let children know the correct methods of shock absorption and evacuation when the earthquake comes, and train children to master the correct essentials of escape and calmly deal with earthquake disasters.
4. Teach children to be brave children.
5. Be able to express your views boldly and clearly.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
Teaching emphasis: let children know the correct methods of shock absorption and evacuation.
Teaching difficulties: to cultivate children's calm mind and escape essentials to calmly deal with earthquake disasters.
Activities to be prepared
Teaching tools:
1, earthquake safety publicity wall charts, courseware, earthquake video clips and love baskets collected by preschool teachers.
2. Small escape bag (flashlight, mineral water, bread, lighter, knife, rope, etc.). )
Activity process
First, warm up before class
The teacher led the children to listen to music with their eyes closed, so that the children could feel the feeling that the sky would fall apart when the earthquake came. The teacher observed the children's expressions.
After listening to the music, ask questions:
1. What is the sound of music? (the sound of an earthquake)
2. How do children feel after listening to music? (afraid)
Guide children to tell their own knowledge and feelings, and let them know that they should not panic in the event of an earthquake, obey the teacher's instructions, and orderly evacuation can avoid injuries.
What should we do when the earthquake comes? -(Children discuss problems)
Second, the children practice in their own way according to the results of the discussion, and the teacher observes and records the children's practice process.
Third, the teacher evaluates the children's evacuation drills, expresses his own views, tells the observation records, and summarizes the effect of the children's evacuation drills (from the children's evacuation routes and movements).
Fourth, teach children to evacuate safely and effectively.
1, learn the correct evacuation action.
Question: How can we protect ourselves when we leave during the exercise?
(Put your head in your hands, lean forward and evacuate quickly)
2. Show the class evacuation map, let the children observe and find out the path and location of class evacuation in an emergency. Let the children know that the path marked in the picture is safe and the shortest path. )
3. Take the children to observe the evacuation route, guide the children to discuss: how to take the fastest route to safety, and inspire the children to tell the evacuation methods and precautions (for example, you can divide into two teams, listen to the teacher's instructions in order, and don't crowd, etc. ).)
4, organize children to exercise, exercise indoor emergency shock absorption and evacuation ability. If the children are crowded during the exercise, the disorderly teacher should correct it in time and reorganize the exercise so that the children can master the correct and rapid evacuation method.
Five, let children know some basic knowledge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.
1, free discussion, teacher development.
A. If an earthquake suddenly occurs in the bungalow, you should quickly drill under the bed and table, and cover your head with bedding, pillows and washbasins. Then leave the house as soon as possible after the earthquake and move to a safe place. If the house collapses in the earthquake, you should stay under the bed or table and never move. Wait until the earthquake stops before escaping or waiting for rescue.
B. If you live in a building and there is an earthquake, the safest and most effective way is to hide in the smallest room between two load-bearing walls, such as bathroom and kitchen. You can also hide under tables, cabinets and other furniture and in the corner of the room, paying attention to protecting your head. Never go to the balcony or window to hide.
C. If there is an earthquake in class, don't panic, and don't run around in the classroom or fight to get out. Students near the door can run outside quickly, and students in the middle and back rows can hide under the desks as soon as possible and cover their heads with schoolbags; Students who lean against the wall should stick to the root of the wall and cover their heads with their hands.
D, if you have left the room, don't go back to the house to get things as soon as the earthquake stops. Because after the first earthquake, there will be aftershocks, which pose a greater threat to people.
E. If there is an earthquake in public places, don't panic and run around. You can improvise and hide in a safer place nearby.
F if you are in the street, don't run into the building to avoid danger. Don't stay in dangerous places such as tall buildings, billboards, narrow hutongs and bridges.
G, if buried in buildings after the earthquake, should try to relieve the pressure above the abdomen; Cover your nose and mouth with towels and clothes to prevent smoke suffocation; Pay attention to conserve physical strength, try to find food and water, create living conditions and wait for rescue.
2. Look at the pictures and demonstrate the courseware and videos.
3. The teacher supplemented the correct methods of avoiding danger, escaping and saving oneself.
4. Educate children to love society and care for others from an early age by watching pictures and videos of the state supporting and helping the disaster areas after the Wenchuan and Yushu earthquakes.
5. The teacher and the children piled wishing star together, blessed the children in the disaster area and threw wishing star into the basket of love.
Sixth, the end of the activity
Summarize the main content of this section: what should I do if the earthquake comes?
Let the children carry their escape bags and rehearse correctly. What should they do when the earthquake comes?
Teaching reflection
Through the study and practice in this section, let the whole class know that although earthquakes are unavoidable and uncontrollable at present, as long as you master some skills, you can minimize the losses caused by disasters. Don't flinch when encountering difficulties, don't panic when encountering dangers, learn to treat natural disasters calmly, cultivate emotional friendship between children from an early age, and establish a love nest where one party is in trouble and all parties support.
Encyclopedia: The place where the earthquake started is called the source, and the ground directly above the source is called the epicenter. The strongest ground motion of destructive earthquake is called earthquake zone, which is often the area where the epicenter is located. Earthquakes often cause serious casualties, which can cause fires, floods, toxic gas leakage, the spread of bacteria and radioactive substances, and may also cause secondary disasters such as tsunami, landslides, collapses and ground fissures.
Small class safety activities "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction" teaching plan 4 I. Public earthquake prevention knowledge
1. How did the earthquake happen?
Because the earth is constantly moving and changing, it gradually accumulates huge energy, which leads to the sudden fracture of rocks or the original fault movement. This is an earthquake. Most earthquakes occur in the earth's crust.
2. Be prepared for family earthquake prevention.
(1) Residents in earthquake danger areas, earthquake-prone areas and areas where earthquake prediction has been issued shall make family earthquake prevention plans.
(2) Prepare food and drinks according to the seismic requirements of the government or relevant departments. See what your house is like. Are there any disadvantages to earthquake resistance? Find out the surrounding environment.
(3) Is the building quality good? Is it in disrepair? Buildings that are unfavorable to earthquake resistance should be reinforced, and dangerous buildings that are not suitable for reinforcement should be evacuated. Is the building structure conducive to earthquake resistance? Heavy decorative items, such as parapets and high doors, should be removed.
(4) Reasonable arrangement of furniture and articles. Remove or fix the objects hanging on the wall to prevent people from falling. Clean up the sundries and make the doorway and corridor clear. Keep flammable, explosive and toxic substances in a safe place. Fix tall furniture to prevent dumping and injury; Furniture items should be placed at the bottom, but not at the top. Empty solid furniture in case of earthquake. Prepare a family shockproof bag and put it anywhere for easy access.
Second, self-help and survival during the earthquake.
The phenomenon of early warning, the existence of early warning time and the space of shock absorption are the objective basis for people to save themselves and survive in the earthquake. As long as they have a certain knowledge of shock absorption and make certain preparations in advance, they can seize the early warning opportunity and choose the correct shock absorption method and space during the earthquake, and there is hope of survival. Whether to run or hide during an earthquake, most experts in our country believe that it is a better way to avoid nearby during an earthquake and evacuate to a safe place quickly after the earthquake. Shock absorption should be chosen in a solid place indoors, under (next to) objects that can cover the body, which is easy to form a triangular space, a small place with support, and an open and safe place indoors.
1, school shock absorption
In class, under the command of the teacher, hold your head quickly, close your eyes and hide under the desk. When you are in the playground or outdoors, you can squat down in place, protect your head with your hands, and pay attention to avoiding tall buildings or dangerous objects. Don't go back to the classroom Evacuation should be organized after the earthquake. Classes should be held outdoors when necessary.
2, family shock absorption
The earthquake warning time is short, and the indoor shock absorption is more real, and the triangular space formed after the collapse of indoor houses is often a relatively safe living place for people, which can be called shock absorption space. This mainly refers to the space formed by large collapsed bodies and supports. The places that are easy to form a triangular space indoors are: under the edge of the kang, near the solid furniture; Root and corner of interior wall; Kitchen, bathroom, storage room and other small places. Be careful not to jump off the building, stand outside the window and go to the balcony.
3. Shock absorption in public places
Listen to the instructions of the field staff, don't panic, don't rush to the exit, avoid crowding, avoid crowds, and avoid being pushed to the wall or fence.
In theaters, gymnasiums, etc. : Squat down or lie under a row of chairs; Pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans; Protect your head with a schoolbag, etc. After the earthquake, listen to the command of the staff and evacuate in an organized manner.
In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways, etc. : Choose solid counters and commodities (such as low furniture). ) or pillars, and squat down in the inner corner, and cover your head with your hands or other things; Avoid glass doors and windows, glass windows or counters; Avoid tall and unstable shelves or shelves with heavy objects and fragile items; Avoid tall or hanging objects, such as billboards and chandeliers.
4. Outdoor. buffer
Site selection of open space shock absorption: squat or get down to avoid falling; Don't run around and avoid crowded places; Don't go back indoors casually; In the moving electric (automobile) car: Hold the handrail tightly, avoid falling or bumping, lower the center of gravity, hide near the seat, and get off after the earthquake.
5. Self-help methods in special dangerous situations
When gas leaks: block your nose and mouth with a wet towel, never use an open flame, and try to be active after the earthquake.
When toxic gas leaks: When the chemical plant is on fire, when toxic gas leaks, don't run in the downwind direction, go around to the upwind direction during the day, and try to cover your nose and mouth with wet wool.
In case of fire: lie on the ground and cover your nose and mouth with wet hair. After the earthquake stops, move to a safe place, crawl forward and go against the wind.
Dangerous places that should be avoided: factories that produce dangerous goods; Dangerous goods, inflammable and explosive goods warehouse, etc.
6. What if it is buried?
After the earthquake, aftershocks will continue to occur, and your environment may deteriorate further. You should strive to improve the environment, stabilize the environment, and try to get out of danger. Try to avoid unstable collapsed objects, hanging objects or other dangerous objects above your body; Move the movable broken bricks and other sundries around you to expand the activity space. Be careful not to use force when you can't move to prevent the surrounding debris from further collapsing; Try to support the rubble with bricks, sticks, etc. To prevent being buried again during aftershocks; Don't use indoor facilities casually, including power supply and water supply. , and don't use open flames; When smelling gas, toxic odor or excessive dust, try to cover your nose and mouth with wet clothes; Don't make a hullabaloo about, keep your strength and gently ask for help.
7. Actively participate in self-help and mutual aid.
Rescue method: When excavating the buried personnel, protect the support to prevent further collapse and personal injury; Expose the injured person's head first, remove foreign bodies in his mouth and nose, and keep breathing smooth. If suffocation occurs, give artificial respiration immediately. When the oppressed can't climb out by themselves, don't pull and pull, so as not to cause further harm; For people with spinal injuries, door panels or hard stretchers should be used for handling; When you find a survivor who can't be rescued at the moment, you should mark the rescue.
Principle of saving people: save near first, then save far; First save the easy, then save the difficult; First save young adults and medical staff and increase helpers.
8. Tips for post-disaster life under special circumstances
Pay attention to diet and personal hygiene.
Pay attention to fire prevention when building a living earthquake-proof shed.
Actively invest in recovery and reconstruction work.
Small class safety activities "Earthquake prevention and disaster reduction" teaching plan 5 Activity objective: Through the activities, students can initially understand the causes, distribution, harm and preventive measures of earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and mudslides. Understand the relationship between earthquakes and various disasters.
Activity preparation: collect relevant information about the earthquake; Rehearse the program; Courseware making, etc.
Activity flow:
First, situational introduction
Earthquakes around the world have brought great pain and loss to countless people. What earthquake knowledge have you learned?
Today, let's learn how earthquakes are caused and how to prevent them.
Second, the activity process
1, communicate with each other in the group to understand the cause of the earthquake.
Students show their knowledge about earthquakes and communicate with each other.
3, preliminary understanding of the correlation of various geological disasters.
Various geological disasters not only have their own formation, development and disaster-causing laws, but also have certain correlations among disasters and between disasters and other factors. There may be several geological disasters in an area, and they are related in origin. For example, in the process of a disaster, there is often a primary main disaster that induces other disasters. For example, earthquakes cause disasters due to the destruction of production and living facilities, and at the same time cause ground fissures and fires. Due to casualties and the destruction of medical facilities, it may cause epidemics. Human activities and their impact on the natural environment can indirectly or directly induce geological disasters. For example, the destruction of vegetation by human beings increases the amount and speed of surface runoff, which is an important reason for the increase of debris flow frequency. Large-scale human engineering activities cause landslides and other disasters from time to time.
4. How to carry out personal protection when an earthquake occurs?
(1) If you are indoors, you should hide under solid furniture nearby, such as a writing desk, a solid bed, a kang edge of rural soil, or you can hide in a corner or a small-span bathroom and kitchen with many pipes and good integrity. Be careful not to hide under the outer window, in the elevator, or jump off a building.
(2) If you are in the classroom, you should quickly hold your head, close your eyes and squat under the desk under the teacher's command. As soon as the earthquake stops, evacuate quickly and orderly, and don't crowd when evacuating.
(3) If you are outdoors, try to stay away from narrow streets, tall buildings, tall chimneys, transformers, glass curtain wall buildings, viaducts and yards where dangerous goods and inflammables are stored. After the earthquake stops, don't run back to the collapsed building easily to prevent aftershocks from hurting people.
(4) If you are in a department store, you should hide near pillars or large commodities, but try to avoid glass cabinets. When you are upstairs, you should seize the opportunity to gradually move to the bottom.
(5) If you are in the factory workshop, you should squat down beside large machine tools and equipment nearby, but pay attention to leave dangerous places such as power supply, gas source and fire source.
(6) If you are in a moving car, tram or train, you should grasp the handrails to avoid falling and bumping, and at the same time, you should pay attention to personal injury caused by falling luggage.
(7) No matter where you hide, try to protect your head with a quilt, pillow, schoolbag or other soft objects. If an open flame is being used, please put it out quickly.
5. Earthquake protection exercise.
Third, the class meeting summary: tell me what you have gained from this class meeting?
Small class safety activities "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction" teaching plan 6 activity objectives:
1, through practice, train children to pass through the safe evacuation passage in an orderly manner according to the environment of the kindergarten in the case of an earthquake.
2. Educate children to obey the teacher's command and make basic self-help behaviors when encountering an earthquake.
3. Cultivate children's safety awareness and self-protection ability in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.
Activity preparation:
1. Teachers and children collect information or pictures about Wenchuan earthquake in newspapers and magazines.
2, understand the basic knowledge of self-help in the earthquake.
Activity flow:
First, listen to music.
1 Please close your eyes and listen to the music, so that the students can feel the feeling of the sky falling apart during the earthquake. The teacher observed the child's expression.
2. After listening to the music, ask: What does the music show? How do children feel after listening to music? (fear, worry) guide children to tell their knowledge and feelings. Know not to panic in the event of an earthquake, listen to the teacher's instructions, and evacuate in an orderly manner to avoid injury.
What should we do when the earthquake comes?
Second, the children conduct evacuation drills independently. According to the results of the discussion, the children practiced in their own way, and the teacher observed and recorded the children's drills.
Third, children evaluate their own evacuation drills.
Fourth, teachers express their views on children's evacuation drills, tell observation records and summarize the effect of children's drills (teachers evaluate children's evacuation routes and movements).
Fifth, teach children to evacuate safely and effectively.
1, learn the correct evacuation action.
2. Question: How can we protect ourselves when we leave during the exercise? The children discussed how to find the most effective protection method. (Put your head in your hands, lean forward and evacuate quickly)