Classification: teaching notes

The so-called "sunshine education" means that teachers care, understand and inspire students with love, so that they can become a new generation with lively personality, self-reliance and cooperation. It is embodied in five aspects: providing a suitable growth environment, which is the premise of sunshine education; Giving two kinds of care, understanding and trust is the motive force of sunshine education; It is the content of sunshine education to cultivate IQ, EQ and EQ (EQ here refers to a concept that reflects people's will quality and its development level, including self-control, determination, perseverance and persistence of will). Learning to care, learn to learn, learn to do things and learn to survive is the goal of sunshine education. Carry out five educations (morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and harmony) (the so-called "harmony education" here is guided by the concept of harmony and neutralization, and educate the younger generation in harmony, cooperation and gregarious, so that they can be kind to themselves and others.

First, the realistic background of "sunshine education"

With the development of modern society and the intensification of competition, more and more social problems have emerged. Some people have poor psychological endurance, lack of self-confidence and poor self-control, resulting in one kind or another human tragedy. Therefore, it is very important to have a good attitude and willpower to constantly surpass yourself. The eighth curriculum reform emphasizes the formation of positive learning attitude, so that the process of acquiring basic knowledge and skills becomes the process of learning to learn and forming correct values at the same time. Therefore, education should not only cultivate students' knowledge and skills, but also pay attention to the process and methods, and pay attention to the formation and development of students' emotions, attitudes and values. Students' emotions, attitudes and values should be formed and developed in rich practical experience.

In July 2005, our school made a survey on students' psychological status. It is found that divorced families, single-parent families, families where fathers leave home to work and mothers educate their children alone account for a relatively high proportion, and individual classes account for more than 1/3. This student group has no sense of security, lack of initiative and abnormal psychological state. At the same time, it is found that "excellent students" often show a strong sense of superiority and high expectations; "Underachievers" think they are losers, with a strong sense of inferiority and low self-evaluation. Both groups are depressed and anxious. Students generally lack positive, active and optimistic psychological attitude, that is, sunshine mentality. Therefore, how to make students have a positive, active and optimistic attitude is a major issue facing school leaders and teachers. Therefore, the call of the times and the need of development have given birth to a brand-new educational concept-sunshine education, which adapts to quality education.

In China, Moziqiao Primary School in Chengdu, Sichuan Province and Wuhan No.25 Middle School started sunshine education earlier. At the same time, in Jinan, Qingdao, Guangzhou and other places, some schools are conducting "sunshine education" experiments. These schools pay attention to changing the concept of education. Under the guidance of the strategy of "low starting point, small steps and quick running", the experience of sunshine education has aroused strong repercussions and provided more space for our in-depth research. Therefore, we advocate: cultivate life with life, nourish love with love, convey warmth with warmth, spread respect with respect, and enlighten wisdom with wisdom, so that every student can grow into a sunny teenager who can be a man, learn, keep fit, appreciate beauty, be creative, have scientific literacy, have humanistic literacy and have personality specialties, and let our school become a sunny school built by teachers and students, and let our education become a caring school.

Being able to treat others, society and the whole world correctly is the way of sunshine education.

Second, the theoretical basis of "sunshine education"

1, Zhou Hongyu's theory of "sunshine education"

Zhou Hongyu, deputy dean of the School of Education Science of Huazhong Normal University, doctoral supervisor and advocate of "Sunshine Education". This scholar who actively advocates "sunshine education" discusses the current school education and family education with "gray education syndrome": "Just as gray is between white and black, bright and dark, school education and family education are not blameless and useless as some people say, but have advantages and disadvantages." At present, the "grey education disease" has some disadvantages, such as ineffective implementation of national education policy, biased, difficult, narrow and strange teaching content, relatively outdated teaching forms and methods, and disharmony between teachers and students. These disadvantages have brought many bad results to the younger generation: sensory dullness, increased diseases, distorted personality and weak ability.

In his view, what education lacks most now is "sunshine"-"let yourself shine, give others sunshine, and let everyone shine together." "Sunshine Education" is an educational concept for all students, all aspects of students' development and the whole process of students' development. It is also an educational model of moral, intellectual and physical beauty, moral, intellectual and physical beauty and moral, intellectual and physical interaction. First of all, it pays attention to the growth of all students rather than a few top students, all aspects of students' development rather than individual aspects, and the whole process of students' development rather than the final result of development. Secondly, it emphasizes that educators should care, understand and inspire students with love, so that they can become a new generation with lively personality, physical and mental health, self-reliance, self-improvement and cooperation, let themselves shine, let others shine and let everyone shine together, which embodies the caring nature of education and meets the inherent requirements of education. In addition, sunshine education emphasizes that the younger generation should be self-reliant and cooperative, which reflects the pertinence of education and meets the practical needs of education.

It can be seen that sunshine education is based on Marx's theory of all-round and free development of human beings, takes the development of students as the goal, and advocates students' conscious, voluntary and independent development as the main body, thus achieving the perfection and all-round progress of personality; Based on the subjective education theory of modern education, we should recognize and respect students' subjective position, give full play to students' subjective role, emphasize teacher-student cooperation, take students as the foundation, recognize differences, develop individuality, cultivate specialties, and give full play to students' initiative and creativity, so that every development subject can become a ray of sunshine in sunshine education, making our society brighter, our life warmer and our tomorrow brighter.

2. Constructivism curriculum theory

Constructivism holds that the main task of curriculum and instructional design is to create a real and complex learning environment for students' active learning and knowledge construction. In the learning environment alleged by constructivism, the four elements of teaching in the traditional sense "teacher", "student", "teaching material" and "media" have completely different roles and relationships: teachers are no longer imparting and inculcating knowledge, but guiding, helping and promoting students' learning activities; Students are no longer passive recipients of knowledge and simple responders to external stimuli, but knowledge builders who actively study and explore; Textbooks are no longer the main basis and important carrier for teachers to impart knowledge, but the cognitive object of students' knowledge construction and learning activities; Media is not only a teaching tool, means and method for teachers, but also a tool, means and resource for students to know, communicate and cooperate in learning activities. Constructivism theory, which emphasizes students' "active learning", provides necessary strategic guidance for our sunshine classroom.

3. seligman's positive psychology.

It is generally believed that success must have two elements: talent and motivation. However, in recent years, Dr. Martin seligman, an internationally renowned psychologist and professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States, believes that this view is not perfect. He believes that success requires persistence, especially persistence that never gives up. Optimism is the soul of persistence. The choice of life explanation form-optimistic form or pessimistic form-has a great influence on adults' lives. Different choices can not only make people feel depressed in the face of setbacks, but also make people enjoy the sunshine. Based on seligman's positive psychology, the sunshine psychological education course for primary school students tries to change the traditional negative psychological education mode and let students enter the sunshine with a positive and optimistic attitude.

Third, the definition of "sunshine education"

Sunshine education is "education with respect, understanding, appreciation and encouragement as the core symbol, and laying the foundation for students' happy life with true love and true knowledge". Sunshine education is an education that allows every child to enter the sunshine; It is an education full of respect, understanding, appreciation and encouragement; It is an education that advocates teachers to obey nature, admit differences, pursue sunshine and tolerate failure; It is to guide students to believe in themselves, encourage themselves and surpass their education; It is an education that respects the life characteristics of each student and taps the life potential of each student.