The capital of Hubei Province, located in the east of Jianghan Plain, where the middle reaches of the Yangtze River meet the Hanshui River. East longitude11341'-1505', north latitude 29 58'-3122'. China is one of the sub-provincial cities of 15 and one of the seven central cities of China. It is the largest city in Central China, the financial center, transportation center and cultural center in Central China of China, and the mega-center city in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River, the third largest river in the world, and its longest tributary Hanshui divide Wuhan into three parts, forming a pattern of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang separated by a river. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote here that "the Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower and plum blossoms fall into the river in May", so Wuhan has been called "the river city" since ancient times.
2, the four seasons climate
Wuhan belongs to the north subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, which is characterized by abundant rainfall, abundant sunshine and distinct four seasons. In a year, the average temperature in June is 5438+ 10, and the lowest is1℃. The highest average temperature is 28.7℃ in July and August, and it is 135 days in summer. Because Wuhan is located at 30 degrees north latitude, the height of the sun can reach 83 degrees at noon in summer, living inland and far away from the ocean, the surrounding terrain is like a basin, which is easy to dissipate heat, there are many rivers and lakes, and there is a lot of water vapor at night. Coupled with the urban heat island effect and the subtropical high pressure control in summer drought, the highest temperature in the urban area can reach 42 degrees, which is very sultry. It is one of the three major stoves in China. The highest extreme temperature is 44.5℃, and the lowest is-18℃. The rainy season in early summer is relatively concentrated, and the annual precipitation is 1050 ~ 1200mm. The active accumulated temperature in Wuhan is between 5000℃ and 5300℃, and the frost-free period is 240 days.
3. Administrative divisions
Wuhan has jurisdiction over Jiang 'an (07), Jianghan (08), Qiaokou (09), Hanyang (10), Wuchang (1 1), Qingshan (12), Hongshan (06) and Caidian (. The first seven are central cities. It has jurisdiction over 108 sub-district offices, 2 1 town, 15 townships and 3 140 mass organizations, including 1 107 community neighborhood committees and 2033 villagers' committees.
4. Natural resources
Wu Hanyou is blessed with natural resources, which are rare in big cities at home and abroad. First, adequate water resources. The city is criss-crossed, with lakes and ports intertwined. The Yangtze River and Hanshui River meet in the city center and accept the confluence of the north and south tributaries. Many large and small lakes are embedded on both sides of the river, forming a water network of lakes and swamps. The city's total water area is 2205.06 square kilometers, accounting for 25.79% of the city's total area, ranking first among big cities in China. The second is inexhaustible products and biological resources. This city is known as the land of plenty, with more than 240 kinds of food crops. 50 cash crops; There are 1 1 orders,1/families, 88 species of fish, 45 species of aquatic animals, 8 orders, 14 families. Third, rich mineral resources. At present, 38 kinds of mineral resources have been discovered in our city, including 24 kinds of proven reserves (excluding groundwater), accounting for 30.38% of the province's proven reserves. Accumulated proven reserves are 9,665,438+256,500 tons, and retained mineral reserves are 798,297,500 tons. Non-metallic mineral resources are very rich, mainly including timely sandstone for building materials, clay for bricks and tiles, limestone for ash making, limestone for flux and dolomite for metallurgy. Among them, the reserves of bentonite, metallurgical dolomite and glass timely sandstone rank first in the province, and the reserves of gypsum rank third in the province. There are 384 mineral deposits with proven reserves in the city, including 4 large mineral deposits, 4 medium mineral deposits 10, 43 small mineral deposits and 327 ore occurrences.
5. Finance and finance
general situation
Wuhan is the largest industrial and commercial city in Central China, with a complete industrial system of steel, automobile, photoelectricity, chemical industry, metallurgy, textile, shipbuilding, manufacturing and medicine. During the late Qing Dynasty and the National Government, three towns in Wuhan were once known as "Chicago of the East". After the founding of New China, Wuhan was a national key industrial base, and a large number of enterprises with the prefix of "Wu" such as WISCO, Wuzhong, Wu, Wuchuan and Meat Federation were built one after another, which greatly enhanced Wuhan's economic status and urban strength. From 65438 to 0959, Wuhan's total industrial output value was second only to Shanghai, Beijing and Tianjin, ranking fourth in the country [2], and this ranking remained until the early days of reform and opening up. After the mid-1980s, with the country vigorously promoting the coastal opening-up strategy, coupled with backward ideas and slow pace of reform, Wuhan, located in the hinterland of Central China, was gradually surpassed by many cities in the Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Bohai Rim. This situation has changed since entering 2 1 century, and the city appearance and economic development have made great progress.
industry
Wuhan is an important industrial base in China. Now it has formed an industrial system with relatively complete categories and strong supporting capacity. Wuhan is vigorously developing modern manufacturing industry, focusing on promoting industrial technology upgrading and cluster development. Focus on the development of steel, automobiles and mechanical equipment, electronic information, petrochemical industry, environmental protection, tobacco and food, household appliances, textiles and clothing, medicine, paper making and packaging and printing. At the same time, use industrial policies to guide enterprises to concentrate in the park. Focus on the development of steel, chemical and environmental protection industries, automobile and electromechanical industries, photoelectric and biomedical industries, food industries and urban industries.
foreign investment
Wuhan is one of the first cities in China to open to the outside world along the Yangtze River, and has always been a hot spot in the central and western regions and one of the first choice cities for foreign investment. At present, Wuhan is the city with the highest French investment in China. As of June 5th, 2006+10/October 8th, the total investment of France in Wuhan has reached nearly 2.2 billion US dollars, accounting for one third of the total investment of France in China. In addition, among all foreign investments in Wuhan, Hong Kong accounts for the largest proportion.
finance and trade/commerce
Compared with other capital cities in Central China, Wuhan's main financial indicators are in the forefront. As of August 2009, there are five financial institutions headquartered in Wuhan: Hankou Bank, changjiang securities, He Zhong Life Insurance, Bank of Communications International Trust and TF Securities. Twenty Chinese banks and five foreign banks have set up offices in Wuhan. Among them, China Industrial and Commercial Bank, China Construction Bank, China Agricultural Bank and China Bank have more than 100 outlets in Wuhan, and the bank density in Wuhan ranks first in Central China and fifth in China. At the same time, Wuhan is the only inter-provincial branch of China People's Bank, which is responsible for the jurisdiction of Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi [5]. Relying on the existing foundation and great potential of Wuhan's financial industry in the future, Hubei Province and Wuhan City plan to build Wuhan into a financial center based in Hubei and radiating the central areas of neighboring provinces.
Wuhan city circle
On June 8, 2003, 165438+ Hubei Province made a major strategic decision: to build a "Wuhan city circle". Wuhan city circle, also known as "1+8", takes Wuhan as the center and includes eight cities around Huangshi, Ezhou, Huanggang, Xiaogan, Xianning, Xiantao, Tianmen and Qianjiang. The construction of city circle involves many fields such as industry, transportation, education, finance and tourism. Hubei 9 municipal government departments took the initiative to dismantle market barriers and build a cooperation platform. Industry and commerce, personnel, education and other departments promise to establish an integrated policy framework in terms of market access, talent flow, children's enrollment, and residents' employment, so as to improve the overall competitiveness of the city circle. From June, 5438 to February, 2007, the central government officially approved Wuhan city circle as a national "two-oriented" special zone.
Step 6 transport
Nine provinces pass through
Known as the thoroughfare of nine provinces, Wuhan is the largest land, sea and air transportation hub in China. It is about 65,438+0,000 kilometers away from big cities in China such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xi 'an and so on. It is the "heart" of China's economic geography, with the functions of connecting east and west, connecting north and south, and maintaining the quartet. Five railway trunk lines such as Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Kowloon, Han, Shanghai and Jinggang and six national highways such as Beijing-Zhuhai and Lurong meet here, and Wuhan is becoming one of the four major railway transportation hubs in China. Water transport has formed a passenger and freight network of "integration of trunk and branch, connecting rivers and seas", and Wuhan Port is an important hub port and opening port in the Yangtze River basin of China. Wuhan Tianhe Airport is the largest airport in Central China, the only entry and exit port in Central China that can handle visas on arrival, and the four major hub airports in China. The huge regional transportation advantage has promoted the rapid development of modern logistics industry in Wuhan. With the goal of building a national logistics hub city and rationally planning and arranging a modern logistics system with modern logistics parks, logistics centers and distribution centers as nodes, Wuhan's role as a bridge connecting domestic and foreign markets and promoting the interaction between the eastern, central and western regions is gradually emerging.
highway
The total mileage of Wuhan Highway reaches 1. 1.0039 million kilometers (including Tongcun Highway).
National Highway/Provincial Highway: 3 16, 3 18, 106, 107, 16 meet here.
Expressway: Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Hurong Expressway, Han Shi Expressway, Tianhe Airport Expressway, Tianhe Airport No.2 Expressway (opened in 2009), Wuhan Outer Ring Expressway, Han Cai Expressway, Hanyi Expressway, Hezuo Expressway (under construction), Han Hong Expressway, Xiaoxiao Expressway (opened in 2009), Daihuang Expressway, Hanma Expressway and Cai Wu Expressway. Wuhan is actively building a "half-hour traffic circle" between the central city of Wuhan and Wuhan Ring Road (Wuhan Outer Ring Road), a "1 hour traffic circle" between Wuhan and eight cities, and a "four-hour traffic circle" between Wuhan and neighboring provincial capitals.
railway
Wuhan is one of the most important railway hubs in China, located at the intersection of Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Hantie Railway, Changjing Railway, Wujiu Railway, Wuma Railway, Shanghai Railway and Beijing-Hong Kong High-speed Railway. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway passes through the city, and four intercity railways are under construction: Wuhan-Guangzhou Railway Passenger Dedicated Line (Jinggang Railway Passenger Dedicated Line), Shiwu Railway Passenger Dedicated Line (Jinggang Railway Passenger Dedicated Line), Hanyi Express Railway (Huhanrong Railway Passenger Dedicated Line) and Wuhan-Ezhou-Huangshi, Wuhan-Xiaogan, Wuhan-Huanggang and Wuhan-Xianning.
aviation
Wuhan is the aviation center in central China. There used to be three passenger airports in Wuhan: Nanhu Airport, Wangjiadun Airport and Tianhe International Airport. After Nanhu Airport moved to Tianhe International Airport, two passenger airports in one city were used at the same time. Later, due to the needs of Wuhan's urban development and aviation development, Wuhan Airlines (now Eastern Airlines Wuhan Co., Ltd.), which was originally operated at Wangjiadun Airport, also moved to Wuhan Tianhe International Airport.
Wuhan Tianhe International Airport, a 4E first-class airport, is the only comprehensive hub airport and the largest aircraft maintenance base in Central China designated by the Civil Aviation Administration of China.
water transportation
Wuhan is an important port of the Yangtze River and the largest port in Central China. There are Hannan Shamao Port, Yangsi Port, Wuhan Port and Yangluo Port. Wuhan Port is the transit point of the Yangtze River "golden waterway".
bridge
There are many bridges in Wuhan because of its unique geographical environment. From upstream to downstream, there are five highway Yangtze River Bridges and two Yangtze River Bridges, namely Wuhan Junshan Yangtze River Bridge (the fourth Yangtze River Bridge), Wuhan Baishazhou Yangtze River Bridge (the third Yangtze River Bridge), Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge (the first Yangtze River Bridge and the highway-railway bridge), Wuhan Erqi Yangtze River Bridge (the seventh Yangtze River Bridge under construction), Wuhan Tianxingzhou Yangtze River Bridge and Wuhan Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge (the fifth Yangtze River Bridge). From upstream to downstream, there are six highway bridges and two railway bridges on the Hanjiang River, namely Wuhan Outer Ring Hanshui Bridge, Shanghai Hanrong Railway Bridge (under construction), Changfeng Bridge, Yin Zhi Bridge (Wuhan Jianghan Second Bridge), Railway Bridge, Yuehu Bridge, Wuhan Jianghan First Bridge and Qingchuan Bridge. In 2009, Wuhan will start construction of the Sanguan Bridge on the Han River, which is also the ninth bridge on the Han River in Wuhan and the Yingwuzhou Yangtze River Bridge (the eighth Yangtze River Bridge). Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge is the first bridge in Wanli Yangtze River. Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel, the "First Tunnel of Wanli Yangtze River", was completed and opened to traffic at the end of 2008. And there are many overpasses in Wuhan. Since 2007, the overpass construction in Wuhan has reached its peak due to the requirement of the Wuhan Municipal Government to build a 30-minute unblocked project in Wuhan.
Wuhan cross-river tunnel
Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel (completed, started on June 28, 2004, with a total construction period of 45 months, and was put into trial operation from February 28, 2008 to March 2009. Then gradually improve the tunnel operation and maintenance management methods, and sort out the relevant materials for completion acceptance. The "Yangtze River First Tunnel" will take 20 1 1 to be officially opened to traffic.
7. dialect
Wuhan is located in the central area, and various dialects meet, forming a special Wuhan dialect. Wuhan dialect is the mother tongue of most residents in Wuhan, and it is also popular throughout Wuhan and even Wuhan city circle. Wuhan dialect belongs to dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect. This is an idiom about dialects, which means: dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect, dialect.
In recent years, Mandarin has had a great influence on Wuhan dialect, which has led to a large number of phonetic, grammatical and lexical phenomena unique to Wuhan dialect being replaced by Mandarin, forming a new Wuhan dialect, especially in areas with dense universities. The new Wuhan dialect can be understood as tone sandhi Putonghua to some extent. Xia Yutian, an artist from Wuhan, described Wuhan dialect as "clever in handling things and full of chatter in his throat". Due to the government's vigorous promotion, Mandarin began to affect the pronunciation of Wuhan dialect. At the same time, Wuhan also has "Bend Mandarin", that is, Wuhan dialect is put on the tone of Mandarin, which is usually used for teasing. Wu Hanyou TV Station has opened up dialect programs, such as News Story Meeting, City Teahouse and A Xing's Joke.
8, gourmet snacks
Snacks in Wuhan are mainly breakfast, which Wuhan people call "premature". Breakfast has always been very important to Wuhan people, so it is always premature to enrich the content and variety. Regan Noodles is a major feature of Wuhan. Wuhan cuisine has inherited the style of hubei cuisine. There are many rivers and lakes in Hubei, and aquatic products are extremely rich. Therefore, it is essential to supply fresh river food on the dining table in Wuhan. Wuchang fish is famous on five continents because of the famous sentence written by President Mao Zedong in 1958, "Drink only Changsha water and don't eat Wuchang fish". There is also the Liangzi Lake crab, which is also an indispensable delicacy on the table of Wuhan people. Regan Noodles, Mianwo, MiBaba, fish paste powder, roasted plum, Huanxituo, sesame seed cake, fried dumpling, jiaozi, wonton, glutinous rice chicken, bean skin, melon seeds, oil pier, duck neck of Jason Wu Road, soup dumpling, roasted sweet potato, glutinous rice fried dough sticks, crispy jiaozi, rice cake and steamed stuffed bun. Four Seasons Mei-Tangbao, Cai-Regan Noodles, Tan Yanji-jiaozi, Shunxiangju-Roasted Plum, Fuqing-Beef Rice Noodles, Wufangzhai-Tangyuan, Xiaotaoyuan-Stewed Soup, Laoqianji-Shredded Beef, Mianwo, Tian Qiheng-Nao Paste Soup Powder, and New Farmers' Special Beef Bone. Felmy Ba, assorted bean curd, cold noodles, fried chestnuts in Liangxiang, glutinous rice flour, fried ginkgo (ginkgo fruit) and Wuhan-style snacks include fried oil cakes, fried dough sticks, steamed dumplings, fried dumplings, steamed buns with sauce meat, Huanxituo, rice cakes, glutinous rice, glutinous rice buns, rice wine and so on.
9. Understanding Wuhan ● Wuhan is a civilized ancient city with a history of 3,500 years and the earliest megacity in China.
● Wuhan is the capital city of Hubei Province, with a population of 8 million and an area of 8,494 square kilometers.
● Wuhan is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, forming a unique geographical pattern where the two rivers meet and the three towns stand.
Located in the hinterland of China, Wuhan is an important hub of China's railways, waterways, highways, aviation and telecommunications.
● Wuhan is a famous river and water city in China, with a total area of 2 187 square kilometers.
● Wuhan is the hometown of mountains and rivers looking for bosom friends.
● Wuhan is the hometown of Baiyun Yellow Crane.
● Wuhan is the birthplace of modern industry in China.
● Wuhan is the birthplace of China Modern Expo.
● Wuhan is the place where the first shot to overthrow the feudal dynasty was fired.
● Wuhan is a famous historical and cultural city in China named by the State Council.
● Wuhan is an excellent tourist city in China named by the National Tourism Administration.
● Wuhan is listed as "Urban Sustainable Development Plan" by the United Nations.
● Wuhan is the birthplace of high-tech photoelectric technology products in China Optics Valley.
● Wuhan is the center of industry, finance, commerce, scientific research, culture and education in Central China.