1. Functional specificity:

The prison people's police is an important criminal law enforcement force in the country, and its functions are special. The state's criminal litigation activities include five procedures: filing, investigation, prosecution, trial and execution. Judging from the purpose of national criminal judicial activities, the fundamental purpose of criminal judicial activities in China is to prevent and combat crimes, execute penalties and punish criminals, and the penalty execution task undertaken by the prison people's police is particularly important. The central tasks of the first four procedures are to arrest criminals, identify crimes, determine penalties, and more importantly, execute penalties. Only through the execution of punishment can we implement the national judgment, turn criminals into law-abiding citizens and realize the fundamental purpose of punishment. It can be seen that penalty execution is the most important content in criminal judicial activities. Therefore, this special administrative management and its function are unique to the prison people's police.

2. Role diversity:

Due to the needs of work, the prison people's police have a unique police identity, and they are special civil servants who exercise state functions and powers, but they also have multiple social roles. In the execution of penalty, they are not only concrete executors of penalty execution, but also educators, who undertake the task of educating and reforming criminals in execution, and at the same time, they are organizers, who are responsible for organizing criminals' execution labor. As the prison people's police, only by fully performing their duties and playing a variety of roles can criminals who undermine social order be transformed into law-abiding citizens and negative factors be turned into positive factors.

3. The task is arduous:

In the process of punishing and reforming criminals by prison people's police, the process of transforming criminals into law-abiding citizens is a very complicated and arduous social project, which is determined by the working object.

The task of the prison people's police is arduous, mainly because:

(1) The prison people's police are facing criminals, a special group that endangers society. They are not only complex in nature and diverse in criminal means, but also have criminal experience, and their ideology and behavior habits are antisocial to a certain extent.

(2) The prison people's police should not only deal with criminals for many years, but also reform them, which is the most arduous task of all.

(3) The prison people's police have legal means, administrative means and economic means to manage prison activities, as well as social coordination means and educational means. Only by making full use of diversified means and comprehensive management means to manage prisons can we lay a foundation for reforming criminals.

4. Environmental specificity:

The work of the prison people's police to punish and reform criminals is completed in the prison environment, which has the particularity of the working environment. Its main performance is:

(1) workplace specificity. On behalf of the people's government, the prison people's police exercise supervision and management over prisons and maintain social order.

(2) the specificity of the work object. The prison people's police work with criminals who are sentenced to death with a two-year suspension of execution, life imprisonment or fixed-term imprisonment according to law.

(3) the prison is closed. Due to the particularity of working objects and the needs of jobs, high walls, power grids, special facilities and special criminal groups constitute a unique working environment, and the biggest feature of prison environment lies in its closeness.