Mental Health Education of Left-behind Children —— A Study on the Psychological Development of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas
Children are a vulnerable group in society. With the development of society, a new group of left-behind children in rural areas has emerged. Compared with non-left-behind children, they need people's care more. Children left behind in rural areas have some problems and conditions in personality formation, interpersonal communication, values and emotional cognition. The government should care about left-behind children, schools should also pay attention to the education of left-behind children in rural areas, parents should communicate with their children more and promote the interaction between children and families, society and schools.
Keywords left-behind children; Psychological development; Problem research
Left-behind children in rural areas refer to minors whose parents or both go out to work for more than half a year and are taken care of by one parent or other relatives, grandparents and peers. In recent years, due to the acceleration of urbanization in China, most of the rural surplus labor force began to integrate into the city and began to work in the city to earn money. However, due to the economic and living conditions of these rural surplus laborers, most migrant workers can't take their children with them, so they can only leave their children in the countryside and ask their elders or peers to take care of them, which makes a new special group of left-behind children appear. According to relevant surveys, at present, the number of left-behind children in China has exceeded 20 million, and this number will not decrease for a long time, and will even expand further. The education of more and more left-behind children has attracted more and more attention.
First, the performance and causes of psychological problems of left-behind children in rural areas
1. Personality defect
At present, most left-behind children in rural areas have certain defects in their personalities, which are characterized by being too inferior and introverted. In rural areas, most left-behind children are raised by grandparents or other relatives. Therefore, children lack fatherly love and maternal love. Therefore, the overindulgence of children is usually to arrange everything for them. In fact, children's autonomy is deprived and their ability to solve problems is greatly reduced. In the long run, children's personality will tend to be timid and introverted. In addition, children generally have the psychology of comparison, and the parents of left-behind children are not around, which often leads to a sense of insecurity. Compared with non-left-behind children, these children are more likely to feel inferior.
2. Children's emotional and cognitive disorders
Good communication between children and parents will contribute to the development of students' social behavior, especially children's mental health. Most left-behind children in rural areas lack opportunities for parent-child communication, and there is little communication between parents and children. Due to the lack of necessary communication and parental care, many left-behind children will have psychological barriers. The psychological barriers of left-behind children often affect their normal life and study. According to relevant surveys, many left-behind children are more anxious. Some left-behind children feel abandoned. Some left-behind children say that it is a painful experience to be away from their parents. Some left-behind children often don't know to whom to tell their difficulties and confusion.
3. Interpersonal communication barriers
Interpersonal communication barriers of left-behind children are a common problem. Usually, most left-behind children are not very interested in the group activities organized by learning, and are unwilling to participate in various activities with their classmates, which obviously shows the phenomenon of being unsociable. Children with interpersonal communication barriers don't like contact with people, prefer to be alone, and are somewhat withdrawn, which may lead to autism in severe cases. In the long run, communication barriers have arisen; There are also some left-behind children who will follow others to participate in group activities, very introverted and not active; Only about one third of left-behind children prefer and are willing to participate in group activities.
Second, effective countermeasures to solve the psychological problems of left-behind children in rural areas
1. The government should shoulder the responsibility of caring for left-behind children.
First of all, the government must bear the great responsibility of caring for left-behind children in rural areas. Nowadays, the problem of left-behind children in rural areas has become the focus of social discussion, and solving the existing problems mainly depends on the help of the government. The physical development and physical and mental health development of these left-behind children are directly related to the measures formulated by the government. Based on this situation, local governments should conduct in-depth investigations on the problems of left-behind children and gradually pay attention to the education of left-behind children in rural areas. At the same time, they can also put this issue into the work of sustainable development, and seriously formulate a set of perfect education to keep poor children among children. In the regional governments that accept migrant workers from rural areas, it is necessary to minimize population discrimination and increase the income of these migrant workers as much as possible, so that these migrant workers can afford the cost of their children's schooling in cities, and in this way, these children can stay with their parents, thus greatly reducing the number of left-behind children.
2. Schools should attach importance to the education of left-behind children in rural areas.
As the base of education, schools should pay special attention to the education of left-behind children in rural areas. The most important thing for schools to improve the educational effect of left-behind children is to narrow the emotional distance between urban children and these left-behind children in rural areas. Therefore, schools should try to take some effective measures, such as standardizing the behavior habits of left-behind children in rural areas, and combining self-discipline with other related methods as far as possible to educate left-behind children. These are very critical steps. On the other hand, schools should also pay more attention to the mental health education of left-behind children in rural areas, help these left-behind children overcome the psychological influence brought by their parents' absence, and then help these left-behind children establish correct attitudes and values towards life. In addition, the school can also consider establishing a file of left-behind children to clearly understand the students' situation, and open a home phone to make it convenient for parents to know the students' situation in time.
Parents should communicate with their children more.
Establish parent-child communication channels to promote more communication between parents and children. Parents who go out to work often lack normal communication channels with their children and cannot have normal emotional communication and parent-child interaction with their children. In this way, the left-behind children in rural areas are seriously deprived of the psychological environment they need for development, which is also one of the main reasons for their psychological problems. Therefore, in order to ensure the mental health of left-behind children in rural areas, their parents should establish good communication channels between conscious and unconscious to make up for the psychological defects of left-behind children. Parents who go out to work should keep in touch with their children's school and class teacher in their daily lives, keep abreast of their children's development and learning, and sometimes take time to visit their children at school so that their children can also have necessary education and guidance in physical and mental development and learning; Parents who go out to work communicate with left-behind children, try to reduce the differences between children and non-left-behind children, and let them feel that their parents care about themselves not far from themselves.
References:
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