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Innovation and Practice of Modern Science and Technology Introduction Course
Author: Yao Chunmei
Science and technology, especially high and new technology, has become the leading force of economic and social development. How to introduce "high, innovative and sophisticated" scientific and technological knowledge into classroom teaching, combine professional education with comprehensive ability training, and link professional basic theory with applied technological innovation is an urgent problem. Based on the teaching practice of Introduction to Modern Science and Technology, this paper makes an exploratory study on the teaching concept, teaching content and teaching methods of Friendship Course.
Keywords: introduction to modern science and technology; Scientific literacy; STS educational concept
University professional education focuses on the professional knowledge and skills of various disciplines. This teaching mode has great professional advantages, but it is not conducive to students' overall grasp of the relationship between scientific knowledge systems, resulting in closed disciplines and separation of arts and sciences, which hinders the development of students' comprehensive ability. Moreover, the curriculum and content often lag behind the speed of scientific development, and it is difficult for many cutting-edge knowledge to enter the classroom. Students lack a basic understanding of "high, new and sophisticated" scientific and technological knowledge and its development process, and lack an understanding of the impact of scientific and technological development on social progress. Thus affecting their scientific literacy and the formation of scientific values. Therefore, we try to establish a teaching team composed of multidisciplinary teachers, and set up a course —— Introduction to Modern Science and Technology, which is based on introducing the frontier knowledge of science and technology, interspersed with the background of Scientific Outlook on Development and the exploration of science and technology application, and form a curriculum system with the intersection of arts and sciences, the infiltration of science and engineering, the combination of professional foundation and technology application, and the integration of science education and humanities education as an important supplement to professional education. Based on the teaching practice, the author makes an exploratory study on the teaching concept, teaching content and teaching methods.
First, a clear curriculum objectives, innovative teaching concepts
1 Set teaching objectives around the integration of science and humanities education.
As a comprehensive course of introduction to modern science and technology, the core goal of its teaching is to comprehensively cultivate and improve college students' scientific literacy.
The lack of scientific literacy, innovative spirit and practical ability is not only reflected in some liberal arts students, but also in some science and engineering students. The object of science education is not only liberal arts students, but all students, with their own emphasis. What's more, science and humanities are complementary. Science without humanities is lame, and humanities without science is blind. As a cultural phenomenon, science has a profound humanistic foundation from the beginning. Innovation ability and pioneering spirit are more from the collision and exchange between natural science and social humanities.
This enlightens us to establish the teaching goal of the course around the integration of science and humanities education, and make clear that the basic dimension of cultivating contemporary college students' scientific literacy is (1) acquired scientific knowledge, and use these scientific knowledge to define problems, acquire new knowledge, explain scientific phenomena and make scientific inferences about scientific events. (2) It is clear that science is a form for human beings to acquire knowledge and explore, and it is a typical feature of understanding scientific activities. (3) is to understand how science and technology form our material world, intelligence and cultural atmosphere. (4) Be a reflective citizen, actively engage in science-related events, and have their own unique scientific consciousness.
For liberal arts, science and engineering students, by understanding the frontier of science and technology, we should know and understand the influence of science on economic development, social progress and human development, and focus on cultivating students' attitude towards science, observing and thinking about the scientific nature of problems and scientific critical spirit, including the scientific and technological ability to solve practical problems, and learn to use and manage science and technology to adapt to modern social life. For science and engineering students, we should pay more attention to the ability of combining professional knowledge with applied technology and strive to cultivate the ability of technology application and innovation.
2 Strengthen the educational concept of "STS" and deeply understand the relationship between science and technology and society.
STS education is science, technology and social education. While learning modern science and technology, we should give full play to the educational function of modern science and technology on the mind. Starting with the important problems related to science and technology facing the world at present, this paper probes into the interactive relationship between science, technology and society, and probes into the influence of scientists and decision makers on this interaction; Make contemporary college students have a clear and profound understanding of the relationship between science and technology and society, man and nature, and society, establish new values of coordinated development of science and technology and society, and improve their scientific literacy in participating in social democratic decision-making.
Second, grasp the pulse of the times and innovate the teaching content.
1 reflect the frontier of science and technology and innovate the teaching system of the course.
According to the development trend of science and technology in 2 1 century-science and technology cross-integration, science and technology integration, high socialization of science and technology and high level of science and technology society, a theoretical system with frontier topics of science and technology as the main line and integration of science and technology is established. The teaching content of the course is divided into three parts: natural science, high technology and scientific and technological development strategy. The natural science part mainly teaches the subject structure, main achievements and cutting-edge reports. The high-tech part mainly teaches population health and modern biotechnology, resources and environmental technology, photoelectric information technology, advanced manufacturing and construction technology. Science and technology development strategy mainly teaches science and technology and social development, science and technology innovation and the road to strengthening the country. In the overall structure and arrangement, it fully reflects the interdisciplinary, pluralistic and forward-looking characteristics of the course, timely reflects the frontier trends and hot spots of science and technology, interspersed with the exploration background of Scientific Outlook on Development and the application of science and technology, and pays attention to the differences between different disciplines, forming a curriculum system with the intersection of arts and sciences, the infiltration of science and technology, the combination of professional foundation and technical application, and the integration of science education and humanities education. Guide students to selectively carry out special research according to their professional characteristics and personal interests, and emphasize the cultivation of students' scientific thinking methods, exploration and innovation abilities.
2. Integrate theory with practice to promote the connection between basic knowledge and applied technology.
Under the influence of traditional educational concepts, people often think that teaching is mainly a process of knowledge accumulation, so mastering knowledge itself is the ultimate goal of learning. Learning is essentially to increase these factual materials and problem-solving skills, rather than emphasizing the application of knowledge in real situations. Under such a teaching philosophy, it is often thought that the abstract knowledge that students get from school can be directly transferred to the new situation of practical application. Obviously, this does not meet the requirements of cultivating applied talents. Therefore, the relationship between scientific discovery, technological invention, industrial production and social life is discussed through the development process of natural science and high technology in teaching, aiming at stimulating students' enthusiasm for pursuing science. Focus on market demand, scientific knowledge preparation, technology research and development, capital investment and other scientific and technological development factors, and tell students what to discuss and how to do it. Pay attention to the application of knowledge in the real environment, pay attention to the scientific basis and technical elements of high technology; Let students and teachers explore how scientific knowledge can be combined with applications to produce new technologies, and how new technologies can be combined with markets to form enterprises; This is another reform strategy we have adopted. In this way, not only can the application demand of knowledge become the driving force to promote students' cognitive development, but more importantly, it can put students in the real world, establish the connection between problems and life, and strengthen the connection between concepts and contents and social, economic and technical conditions; Facing the reality and strengthening the practice link can also enable students to truly form the experience of knowledge application and innovation in the process of jointly exploring and solving problems, and strengthen the practical significance of science and technology to the vast world.
Grasp the true nature of science and technology as "human" and realize the communication and reconstruction between science and technology and humanities.
In the era of utilitarianism, humanistic education is important because it directly touches the cultivation of students' values. Strengthening STS education in science and technology education is to try to communicate and reconstruct modern science and technology with humanistic education, pay attention to introducing various viewpoints in scientific research, and explain through the development process of science and technology that any scientific achievement is a product of society, not something that a few people can get in an ivory tower. Educate students to understand the role of society, collectivity and practice in scientific development. While studying modern science and technology, we should understand and reflect on why human beings should engage in science and technology, what attitude, what methods, what achievements and how to use science and technology. All this involves people's interest tendency and value judgment as the main body of science and technology, which embodies human's humanistic attitude towards science and technology.
In the era of coexistence of multiple values and collision of multiple cultures in 2 1 century, we should infiltrate the spirit of science and technology education and humanistic spirit into professional education, establish a value orientation for students, and grasp the true attribute of science and technology as "people" so that contemporary college students can grow into intellectuals with scientific rationality and foresight in the new era.
4. Expand the discipline map from the perspective of globalization and highlight local characteristics.
We are in the information society in the era of knowledge economy, and the trend of globalization is increasing day by day. The "correlation" between regions of the world is increasing day by day. The biggest impact of globalization on higher education is that universities all over the world participate in global competition directly or indirectly. The talents trained by universities should not only meet the needs of domestic markets in various countries, but also meet the trends and requirements of the global job market. Corresponding to this change, the course "Introduction to Modern Science and Technology" must broaden the subject territory, integrate with China's local characteristics in a global perspective, fully reflect the world's scientific and technological trends, show the latest scientific and technological progress in contemporary China and the development status of national industries, and inspire the confidence and fighting spirit of contemporary college students to revitalize national industries.
Third, the combination of exploration and application, innovative teaching methods
1 Pay attention to subject inquiry teaching, and cultivate subjective consciousness and innovative ability.
The "teaching process" is first and foremost a "learning process" for students. "Teaching" means more control and domination, while "learning" means more initiative and freedom. Therefore, establish a teaching team composed of multidisciplinary elites to effectively organize multidisciplinary teaching; Teachers try to stimulate students' learning interest and motivation from the perspective of teaching design, classroom teaching, social practice and teaching evaluation. Taking the frontier topics of science and technology as the main line, some topics are offered for students to choose freely. In teaching, through the interaction between teachers and students, we should create a positive learning environment and atmosphere, create a teaching situation conducive to students reaching the other side of rational thinking, and guide students to carry out inquiry teaching and corresponding practical activities. Through the determination of research topics, the definition of investigation questions, the choice of research methods and the development of social practice activities, students' subjective consciousness and innovative ability are cultivated, so that students can learn scientific research methods and cultivate scientific spirit. Only through inquiry activities can students truly understand the history and essence of the development of science and technology, and internalize their understanding of science and technology and their experience of scientific inquiry into scientific literacy.
2. Improve the construction of three-dimensional teaching resources and build an autonomous learning platform for students.
Make full use of modern educational technology and information technology to build rich three-dimensional teaching resources such as text textbooks, multimedia courseware, online courses and audio-visual databases. As a beneficial extension of classroom teaching, it provides information resources and communication platform for students' autonomous learning.
3. Carry out practical activities to realize the interaction between science and technology education and society.
In order to enhance students' understanding of learning content and gain practical experience and feelings, we take scientific and cultural activities as the main carrier in course teaching and arrange corresponding social practice activities. These practical activities not only expand the content of classroom teaching, but also cultivate and exercise students' practical ability, realize the interaction between science and technology education and society, and receive good results.
4. Improve examination and evaluation methods to improve students' scientific literacy.
Take homework+class discussion+research report+written test as a comprehensive evaluation of students' learning status. In addition, for those who have performed particularly well in scientific and technological services and popular science education activities, the winners in scientific and technological production and innovation competitions will be given corresponding bonus points respectively. This assessment method, which pays attention to students' learning process, comprehensive quality and innovative ability development, increases the difficulty of assessment and evaluation, but provides students with a space for selective and free development, which is widely welcomed by students and is more conducive to promoting students' overall scientific literacy.
Editor Yang Yunan