Exam-oriented education (also known as cramming education) is generally regarded as an educational system with the main purpose of improving students' ability to take exams and attaching great importance to test scores, recitation and problem solving, which corresponds to quality education. This kind of education system is the only popular education system in Middle Ages and modern East Asia and Europe, because a large number of technical talents can be trained through the guidance and strict training of masters. However, under the capitalist reform, European and American countries gradually turned to "quality education" after the demand for pioneering generalists increased greatly, while East Asian countries still adhered to the examination-oriented system.
This kind of education is a part of cramming education, which instills knowledge into students blindly, just like stuffing ducks, that is, duck farmers put feed with high sugar content into their mouths to make them gain weight quickly, while others, such as the ability of ducks to paddle for survival, will not become the focus of attention.
China is the most populous country in the world, and the level and quantity of teaching resources in different regions are also uneven. The teaching resources in poor areas are backward and exam-oriented education is scarce, while the teaching resources in developed areas are advanced. Quality education can meet the fair competition in developed areas and select excellent creative talents, but it ignores the educational development in poor areas. Its essence is to compete for teaching resources, which is unfair. The final result will only be that the developed areas will become more and more developed and the poor areas will become poorer and poorer. Although exam-oriented education has its drawbacks, it can provide a fair and just education model for all regions in China, so that poor and backward regions can also have the opportunity to receive higher education.
"Examination-oriented education" takes examination as the main educational goal. It is a one-sided educational model. The disadvantages of this educational model have had a huge and irreversible impact on China's basic education. Paying attention to intelligence while strengthening the all-round development of moral education, intellectual education, physical education and aesthetic education is the only way for future development.