Most children in kindergartens are between 1.9 and 2.8 years old, which is the so-called preschool class. Especially after the age of 2, children begin to talk, think and play games, and have a preliminary self-awareness and requirements for people and things. He has independent needs, and he is stubborn and doesn't listen to adults' orders: sometimes he insists on doing things that he is not allowed to do, which makes adults feel that children become naughty, disobedient and difficult to take care of.

Psychologically speaking, this age stage is the first turning point of children's psychological development, and some people become the "first resistance period" or "first crisis period". From the perspective of education, this is a critical period that deserves our serious consideration. If education is improper, children's stubbornness and disobedience will develop into bad qualities such as willfulness and stubbornness.

How to educate kindergarten children? We have tried and explored the following aspects by using the method of game education:

First, according to the psychological development characteristics of preschool children who basically know the world through physical activities, indirect education through games is adopted.

Before playing table games, the teacher always arranged the children and gave each table a basket. Often the teacher hasn't finished handing out the toys. You're crying here and catching them there. Some even cried and pushed their companions down. The teacher coaxed this, and that cried again, waiting for you to say that you can't hit the children. Someone there hit their companions' heads with building blocks and scratched their faces. ............................................................................... Although the teacher repeatedly stressed the education "Don't throw toys on the ground, pick them up quickly, but only a few children listened to the instructions. You haven't finished picking them up here, and they all threw toys on the ground there."

Analyze the reasons:

Kindergarten children are young, their speech is still in the process of formation, and their development level is very low, so they often don't understand the speech transmission of adults. It is very important for preschool children to transmit words, while kindergarten children can only rely on personal practice and actually play with and operate objects under the correct guidance of adults, thus gaining direct experience. Therefore, it is particularly important for kindergarten children to use sports activities for education, and the best way of sports activities is games.

So how should kindergarten children educate them with games?

Use creative game artistic conception to germinate children's desire to participate in learning and games

1. Teachers should first carefully design different theme game schemes with artistic conception, pay attention to creative guidance, and show the playability of the game in the form of game tone and game; In the process of designing games with different themes, we should correctly introduce and show some simple structural skills to children: arrangement and stacking; In the game, humorous and exaggerated language is used to guide children to learn to play, cherish and tidy up toys; In order to stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of children to participate in games.

For example, the theme game of Magic.

There is a table and a box of building blocks in front of the teacher, and the children are sitting around the teacher.

First of all, the teacher proudly told the children: "Today, the teacher is going to perform magic tricks for the children. What will it be? " Are the children optimistic together? "Then he took out a cube building block from the box and put it gently on the table. Then he carefully put the same building blocks on it. A building block is put together and an isosceles triangle is placed on it. He asked the child, "What have I become? Children, let's count the floors of this building, shall we? " "12345, oh! I have already changed a five-story building, and I want to change a six-story building. "In the teacher's monologue, I will focus on using cylindrical building blocks. In terms of operation skills such as lifting and capping, I can use cuboids to change into seven-story and eight-story buildings. Then by asking, "How did you see the teacher change the building?" "Who can do magic different from the teacher? "Please invite 1-2 children to play with the magic of changing buildings. The teacher gave specific help and guidance, and the whole class expressed appreciation and congratulations. Then the teacher used the magic of "I will also turn the building into a box" to perform the scene of gently putting all the building blocks covered with the building into the box and putting them in order. At this time, the key point is to guide children to learn to care for toys and tidy up toys; Finally, the teacher went to several desks where the building blocks were ready, lifted the lid and said, "I have many building blocks here." Who wants to play the magic of changing buildings? "At this time, children's desire to change buildings is very strong. I changed the subject and said, "today, the teacher invited all the children to play the magic game of changing buildings, okay?" "

invite

At this time, teachers should pay attention to children's interest in games and keep good order. For example, it can be organized like this: "Now whoever touches his head will gently move the chair to the upper position and change the floor. Let's race to see who changed the building, understand? " The teacher asked the children to sit around the table one by one, while holding the children gently in the chair. In the process of children's play, teachers praise children in time and give specific and timely guidance and help.

Big cook

For another example, the teacher prepares all kinds of tableware and a small table, and the children sit in a semicircle. The teacher mysteriously told the children that "today the teacher will be a chef and cook for the children", and then took out the tableware and said the name of the tableware to himself and put it on the small table, such as gas stove, small pot, cutting board, knife and shovel.

The teacher took a building block and told the children, "This is a big fish I bought. I want to cook braised fish, and then I say to myself, scale off, cut fish, wash fish and cut fish. " Start to braise in soy sauce, put oil, onion, ginger, garlic, fish, soy sauce, vinegar, fish, cook and plate.

The teacher took another piece of wood and told the children, "This is the sparerib I bought. I'll make another sweet and sour sparerib. While talking to yourself about the exercise plan, do corresponding actions, such as washing, folding, burning, filling, smelling and tasting. " I cooked rice and soup in the same way and distributed them to the whole class.

The teacher once again introduced the game of building a park in Gai Lou. When introducing the game, the teacher first prepares toys such as tigers, pandas and bears. After learning about animal toys, teachers and students asked, "Where have children seen these animals?" Introduction of the game I want to build a park for small animals. When the teacher demonstrated the game, he knocked down the pavilion without showing any trace, and some building blocks fell to the ground. The teacher quickly said, "Oh, I collapsed the panda house", and then spoke slowly while picking up toys on the ground. I'm going to pick up the building blocks that fell on the ground, and I'm going to cover them again. Repeatedly demonstrate the construction process of gently moving the chair to pick up the building blocks and newsstands under the table, and invite individual children and teachers to pick up, pick up and build together.

The teacher's treat.

Use the game "",please watch the teacher "kill the fish", the fish escaped and fell to the ground. The teacher exaggeratedly said, "The fish has run away again, and I want to get it back", and then let the children see that the teacher cooked the fish, accidentally shoveled the pot and fish to the ground and picked it up immediately.

Take advantage of the "I am a driver" game. Let the children appreciate the scene where the teacher uses building blocks to build a car, drive a car and give a key performance. He accidentally overturned the car, and after it fell under the bridge, he salvaged it. The teacher deliberately raised his voice and slowed down, saying, I want to get the car up and start driving again.

In a series of game activities, pay attention to the mutual penetration of educational methods and ideas, pay attention to creativity, guide children to play in middle school with artistic conception and rich and interesting game content, learn to play in school, and learn to use one thing for multiple purposes. For example, the building blocks in the doll's house game are vegetables, fish and chickens, and transportation is always used in traffic light games. When they arrive at the construction site, they become building materials. Because children learn to find substitutes according to the needs of the game, children are more interested in the game and have more active thinking.

Children in kindergartens have poor independence and love to imitate others, seeing what their peers are playing, what they are playing, and what they want when they see what others have.

So what we pay attention to is that there are not many kinds of ready-made toys for children, but many similar ready-made toys are displayed in toy baskets for children to choose from.

In the game, first of all, the teacher always pays attention to his words and deeds, pay attention to his words and deeds.

Furthermore, set an example for children to imitate at any time in the game;

So-and-so, you are great. The building you built is tall and good.

So-and-so children can pick up toys on the ground. What a good boy.

So-and-so, you are so cute that you can help children pick up toys.

So-and-so, you are really capable, and your cooking is really delicious.

"So-and-so, you are really capable. You have never dropped a toy." Give him a kiss and touch him casually to show his praise and love.

4 Put toys according to the child's personality.

For children who are withdrawn and inactive, we will use some toys that can be pulled away to arouse their interest in playing, and cooperate with the children's song "Lalala, pull up my puppy, who wants my puppy?" to cultivate children's lively and cheerful personality. For restless children, we deliberately guide them to choose to play games such as centerfold, building blocks, dollhouse and barber shop, and cultivate and train their self-control ability.

Second, according to the characteristics of preschool children's thinking and intuitive action, use games for education and training.

Kindergarten children's thinking is always carried out in action, which is inseparable from their perception of things and their own actions, and has intuitive actions. In other words, all kinds of psychological activities in this period are restricted by the current direct perception of things and actual activities, which are very specific and direct; The abstraction of understanding and the foresight of planning are still very poor, and the analysis and synthesis will not be very complicated; Attention and mood are also very unstable, which is an important period for the formation of behavior habits. We should educate them positively and set up imitators, not only preaching, but also not telling irony and irony. Otherwise, it will often cause adverse effects that go against the original intention. For example, an individual child knocked on the bowl with a spoon, and the teacher said, "Who knocked on the bowl?" As a result, the whole class immediately knocked hard.

According to the characteristics of kindergarten children's thinking development, we have made the following tentative explorations:

1 The child sits in a semicircle. Tableware, napkins and popcorn should be prepared first, and the position should be fixed. There is a basket of napkins and a bucket for spoons on the long table. There is an empty aluminum bucket and an empty red basin for bowls beside the long table. The teacher told the children happily, "I'm going to play buffet games today. I picked up a bowl of popcorn and ate it with relish." After eating, I said to my children, "I will put bowls and spoons." He went to the long table, put the spoon in the small bucket, put the bowl in the aluminum bucket, and picked up the appliances for the disabled to introduce to the children. He said that "teachers can also use napkins" and carefully wiped their mouths and hands, exaggerating and putting them in empty pots. Similarly, another teacher also played a buffet game. When the children are interested in playing games, the teacher immediately leads: "Shall we play buffet games together today? Where should I put the bowl after dinner? "Where did you put the spoon? Why do you need napkins? Where should I put it when I finish? Children identify, answer and play in groups and boys and girls, and teachers coach and evaluate them. Children learn how to set tableware and use napkins in different ways in the game. And in real life, children can be reminded, trained and trained as required, so that they can start and end at any time, help and praise at any time, and children can develop good hygiene habits.

The relationship between the children who just started school and the teachers is not harmonious, and there is a sense of strangeness and fear between them. Children can't express themselves, cry too much, pee their pants too much, and pee everywhere. Individual children can urinate at any time while eating, playing and sleeping, and no one will take off their pants. The teacher always asks "who wants to pee, come and pee", but it has no effect.

We use the puppet show "I want to pee" to educate children's conscious requirements. The children sat in a semicircle and watched the puppet show: introducing the puppet rabbit, monkey and goat teacher. One day, the rabbit, the monkey and the goat teacher played games together. When the rabbit wants to pee, he loudly says to the goat teacher, "I want to pee." Teacher goat patted Xiao Tu on the head and said, "Good boy, please." The little monkey wanted to pee, but he had fun, so he peed his pants while playing. My pants are wet and there is urine all over the floor. Little monkey continues to play. Inadvertently, the little monkey slipped on the wet floor, his coat was wet and his head was smashed ... After performing twice, the teacher asked, "What kind of animals do you like and why?" Who needs to pee? Who pees on their own? "

In daily life, we always guide children to imitate children who urinate consciously and praise children who say "I want to urinate" at random. Now there are fewer children in the nursery who pee their pants, and even fewer people pee everywhere. From "Who wants to pee" to "I want to pee"; The change from most children wetting their pants to individual children wetting their pants makes us understand a truth. Children's good hygiene habits need to be suggested, prompted, learned and imitated by methods that children can easily accept, teachers need to do more seductive training, and teachers need persistent praise and encouragement to make children make rapid progress and growth. We also use this method to teach children to learn "I want to drink water, I want to add rice, I want to add vegetables, I want to drink soup, I want to take off my clothes" and so on, and the effect is very good.

Third,

Kindergarten children have a preliminary self-awareness, no sense of right and wrong, and they will not be humble. They are self-centered and self-centered. No matter what happens, they must be satisfied with him, or they will make a scene. In this regard, we have made the following tentative exploration.

1、

In life, children often sit in the wrong position. We found that the winners are always the relatively strong children, and those who are not seated are always the timid and introverted children; If both sides are strong, there will be crying when grabbing chairs. Either one side is pushed to the ground, or the other side is beaten and cried, and sometimes there are scratches on his face. Teachers often give priority to persuasion, such as: "Don't hit children", "Don't rob others' chairs" and "Be a good boy and give him your seat" .........................................................................................................................

When the kindergarten children arrive, through the comparison between "person" and "me" and "thing" and "me", they gradually realize the external things of the behavior object and the self of the behavior subject, thus forming their own understanding, that is, self-awareness begins to sprout. Self-awareness is the driving force of self-regulation. To this end, we have adopted watching sketches and playing sketches "Sorry, you are sitting in the wrong position" to help children learn to correctly handle the problem of sitting in the wrong position, so as to cultivate their civilized behavior and language.

Sketch content: Honghong leaves her seat to throw waste paper. Xiaogang came in from the outside and saw an empty seat and sat down. When Honghong came back, she saw that her seat was occupied by Xiaogang and said to Xiaogang, "Sorry, you are sitting in the wrong place. This is my seat. Will you please forgive me? " Xiaogang quickly said "I'm sorry, I'm sorry", got up and moved a chair to sit down. After we perform twice, please imitate the civilized expressions in the sketch. We will create opportunities to sit in the wrong position in the form of games, let children play and imitate, and give encouragement and praise in the game. When children understand it, they will use the above civilized behaviors and languages. We also invite children to appreciate and imitate another sketch to solve the problem of sitting posture dislocation.

Xiaohong put the book back and found that the seat was occupied by Xiaoming. He said to him, "Xiao Ming, you took my seat." It doesn't matter. You sit down and I'll move another chair. " Children learn to be modest in games, learn to speak in civilized language, and develop civilized behavior habits.

2、

In life, we find that kindergarten children feel fresh about everything, and they have to touch everything, run and jump by themselves. To play the slide, you don't climb backwards from the steps, you don't sit down, you slide down while lying down. Braver people stand and run down, play with wooden horses, and jump down before stopping; Otherwise, you are pushing a wooden horse around desperately, and then suddenly stop not to hide, not knowing the danger. You can throw a building block as a "bomb", use a small spoon as a gun, block the door with your body when you enter the classroom, and don't let other children in. Wash your hands uncharacteristically, turn on the tap, block it with your fingers, and cover it with your palm ... Sometimes he insists on doing what you don't want him to do, ignoring the instructions of adults and sticking to his own opinions. If we don't pay attention to him and give him proper education, these behaviors will develop into willfulness and stubbornness. Our method is:

Play to distract children.

Set imitation objects in the game;

Reward with food;

There is no limit to the reasonable needs of children, and physics is not blindly satisfied;

The requirements of educators are the same, but you can't ask for it, and so do I. One can never be a good policeman, and the other can never be a bad policeman.

In view of the disadvantages of parents' arranged substitution, we have adopted the following game education.

Fourth.

Parents take care of their children in kindergarten. Including eating, lifting pants and taking off clothes, children can't do anything, even if some children can, they don't want to do it themselves. Because he saw you doing it for other children, mentally unbalanced and jealous. If you take off his pants to pee, he will drag them in front of you and ask you to help him carry them. If you say, "Good boy, bring it yourself," he will immediately say, "You bring it, you come." Even when eating, most children rely on the teacher to feed them. Everyone shouts, "The teacher feeds me, the teacher feeds me ..."

1, practicing wearing and taking off shoes with the game "My Little Foot Hides" will be praised.

2. Play the game "I can pee by myself". Take off your pants and praise or reward your good work.

3. Use the "clothes selling game" to let children identify their own clothes, learn to fold clothes and arrange clothes.

4. Use the game "My little hands are the most capable" to learn to wash hands, put away toys and move small chairs.

Through our attempts to explore, we deeply realize that:

1, through the way of game education, it shortens the process of kindergarten children developing good healthy living habits, shortens the process of kindergarten children mastering moral behavior rules, and is conducive to children forming good behavior habits in real life. The application of game education plays an important role in promoting children's all-round development and the formation of good personality.

2. Teachers can educate, cultivate and train children through games with different themes and roles flexibly, purposefully and in a planned way according to the characteristics and specific circumstances of each child.

3. The game teaching method is most suitable for the age characteristics of kindergarten children, is most easily accepted by children, and can best mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of children; Only by giving full play to children's initiative can children receive better education and develop their body and mind better. The formation of children's good behavior cannot be achieved overnight. Teachers can't rely on whim, let alone preaching and boring practice. Only through various lively and interesting game activities can they effectively experience and imitate themselves. At the same time, teachers need long-term training and stick to it gradually after training. The game is a free, relaxed and fun-filled activity. Only by making full use of game activities to select and formulate more targeted educational contents and methods can we achieve better educational results.