Silicosis is the most common type of pneumoconiosis, which is caused by long-term inhalation of a large number of dust containing free silica, mainly the extensive nodular fibrosis of the lungs. In severe cases, it affects respiratory function and loses the ability to work.

The clinical manifestations are generally asymptomatic or not obvious in the early stage, and the symptoms get worse with the development of the disease. Reflex cough is caused by inhaling silica dust, but the degree and sputum volume of cough are closely related to respiratory tract infection, but not the degree of silicosis. A few patients may have phlegm and blood. If there is repeated massive hemoptysis, tuberculosis or bronchiectasis should be considered. In the early stage, I often feel acupuncture-like pain in the middle and upper chest, which has nothing to do with breathing posture and labor, and mostly occurs when the climate is changeable. The degree of chest tightness and shortness of breath is related to the scope and nature of the lesion. If the lesion is extensive and progresses rapidly, shortness of breath will be obvious and gradually aggravated. Patients can still have dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, palpitations, loss of appetite and other symptoms.

Strengthen preventive measures

(1) Strengthen publicity and education on dust hazards;

(2) Improve the production process and speed up the renovation of equipment;

(3) Strengthen ventilation measures and close or partially pump the dust source;

(4) Regularly check the physical condition of workers exposed to dust, and replace workers who are not suitable for this situation in time;

(5) Strengthen the use of personal protective equipment.