Fan Wen, an undergraduate majoring in chemistry: Reflections on the teaching of chemical thermodynamics in energy and chemical engineering [Abstract] Chemical thermodynamics is a basic course with strong theory and logic in energy and chemical engineering. This paper expounds the author's teaching practice and teaching experience on how to improve students' interest in learning this course during the teaching process of chemical thermodynamics. By defining the teaching content and main line, changing the traditional single classroom teaching, combining classroom teaching with subject dynamics and engineering practice closely, stimulating students' interest in learning, cultivating students' autonomous learning ability and engineering consciousness, so as to meet the requirements of cultivating leading figures in the field of energy and chemical industry.
[Keywords:] chemical thermodynamics; Energy chemical engineering; Teaching practice; Teaching experience
Chemical thermodynamics is one of the compulsory courses for students majoring in chemical engineering. This paper mainly talks about the application of thermodynamic laws in the field of chemical engineering, including the law of mutual transformation of various forms of energy in chemical processes and the limit conditions for the process to approach equilibrium. Cultivating students' thinking methods of analyzing and solving practical chemical problems [1-3] is an important professional theoretical basic course. However, the content of the course is abstract and the calculation is complicated, which makes students feel very difficult to learn and lacks practical application. In the course of learning, students feel afraid and tired of learning, and can't achieve good teaching results. Therefore, we have carried out some reforms and attempts on the teaching content and methods of this course, hoping to stimulate students' interest in learning, and then better master this course, and lay a solid foundation for the follow-up professional courses. The major of energy and chemical engineering newly opened in Wuhan University in 20 13 was developed from the major of "power plant chemistry" opened in the former Wuhan Institute of Water Resources and Electric Power 1958. Mainly for the electric power industry and efficient clean energy fields (including supercritical thermal power, nuclear power, biomass energy, hydrogen energy, new chemical power supply, etc. ), cultivate future industry development leaders who master the basic theory of chemistry and chemical engineering and the professional knowledge and skills of energy chemistry. At present, there are four main research directions in this major: water treatment, material corrosion and protection, chemical supervision and control, and energy chemistry. In order to meet the requirements of the school for the development of new majors and the construction of first-class disciplines, chemical thermodynamics, a professional basic course for chemical engineering majors, was newly set up among junior students on 20 15. How to arouse students' enthusiasm in class, cultivate students' innovative ability, consolidate students' professional foundation, make students understand and master the basic concepts of this course in the course of 54 hours of study, and link abstract theory with actual energy chemistry process is the core teaching task of this course. Based on the training objectives of energy and chemical engineering specialty in our university, this paper discusses the teaching experience of chemical thermodynamics, focusing on the exploration and practice of teaching methods, which lays the foundation for cultivating leading figures in the field of energy and chemical engineering.
1 define the teaching content and the main line of the course.
Combined with the characteristics of the course of chemical thermodynamics in our school, such as engineering application as the center and wide coverage of professional research direction, Chemical Thermodynamics, edited by Zhu Ziqiang and published by Chemical Industry Press, is selected as the teaching material [4], and students are also encouraged to use some reference materials (Chemical Thermodynamics, edited by Feng Xin, 2008; Chemical Thermodynamics (2nd Edition), edited by Chen Zhongxiu, 2000; Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics (original seventh edition), edited by J.M. Smith, translated by Liu Honglai, 2007)[5-7]. Chemical thermodynamics has developed for a long time and has formed a relatively complete knowledge system. How to effectively teach key knowledge points to students within 54 hours is the key to the teaching practice of this course. Because the students of this major have systematically studied the equation of state related to ideal gas and its application in the physical chemistry course of their sophomore year, they will not repeat it in this course, but focus on the two-parameter equation of state, chemical thermodynamic analysis, solution thermodynamics, fluid phase equilibrium and chemical reaction equilibrium which are widely used in engineering practice. In teaching practice, firstly, the structure of chemical thermodynamics textbook is analyzed in detail, and the knowledge points are arranged reasonably around the main line content; Secondly, establish the logical relationship between knowledge points, so that students can establish the framework diagram of chemical thermodynamics in their brains; Finally, according to the needs of energy and chemical engineering specialty, the content of the textbook is appropriately deleted and supplemented, and the application ability of chemical thermodynamics is enhanced in combination with the trend of the discipline, such as the calculation of open circuit voltage of fuel cell and the calculation of gas composition in the process of water/carbon dioxide co-electrolysis to produce syngas.
2. Change the single classroom teaching mode and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability.
There are many and complicated design formulas for the course of Chemical Thermodynamics, and students are prone to fear and weariness at the beginning of learning. The traditional single classroom teaching mode has the characteristics of "teachers leading students' learning", which is quite different from the teaching purpose of "teachers guiding students' learning" in this course. Therefore, we should change the traditional single classroom teaching mode and fully adopt the teaching method combining "heuristic" and "participatory". First of all, teachers set questions (questions) in the preview stage before class to urge students to think, review old knowledge and preview new knowledge; Secondly, in the process of teaching practice, teachers use multimedia and blackboard writing to solve doubts, and deepen students' understanding of the principles, methods and applications of chemical thermodynamics by explaining examples and exercises. At the same time, in the teaching process, they should avoid falling into abstract preaching and boring formula derivation, and focus on explaining the application conditions and physical significance of chemical thermodynamics knowledge points. Finally, after the classroom teaching, teachers actively communicate with students face to face (discuss problems) and set up thinking questions for students to consult relevant materials. Through "doubt &; Mdash dispels doubts and doubts. The step-by-step teaching method of "answering questions" has achieved the purpose of drawing inferences about key knowledge points, at the same time attracted students' attention, cultivated students' autonomous learning ability and improved students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning.
3 Classroom teaching is closely combined with engineering practice to cultivate students' preliminary engineering concept.
Chemical thermodynamics is theoretical, and the basic concepts are abstract, so undergraduates have less opportunities to contact with scientific research topics and engineering practice in the learning process. Classroom teaching content is closely combined with scientific research topics and engineering practice, and a characteristic teaching mode of "application-centered" and "inquiry" has been established. Closely related to the practical chemical problems in the field of energy and chemical industry (especially supercritical thermal power, nuclear power, biomass energy, hydrogen energy, new chemical power supply, etc.). ) In our university, bringing scientific research achievements in frontier fields into the classroom can make them strengthen their scientific research ideas, stimulate their interest in attending classes and cultivate their innovative ability; At the same time, it can provide students with ideas and methods to solve practical engineering problems by using the basic principles of chemical thermodynamics, and cultivate students' preliminary engineering concept.
4 Research on evaluation methods
The traditional examination method based on a final examination paper is not conducive to the cultivation of students' ability, nor can it fully reflect students' mastery of what they have learned. In order to evaluate students' understanding of the course content more systematically and comprehensively, we have reformed and explored the examination methods of the course. At present, the general evaluation of course grades includes two parts: usual grades and final grades, in which the usual grades include students' comprehensive performance in class, course preview and homework, each accounting for10%; The final exam is an open-book exam, and the exam topics focus on the understanding of knowledge points and their application in the process of energy chemistry. However, due to the abstract and complicated calculation of the course content, some students are still afraid and tired of learning. Therefore, in the future teaching practice, we should consider further stimulating students' interest in learning, enhancing students' subjective initiative, introducing group discussion into classroom teaching, carrying out guided special research, combining the course content with the process of energy chemistry (especially subject dynamics), cultivating students' ability of consulting materials and division of labor and cooperation, and laying a solid foundation for students to study professional courses in the next step.
5 concluding remarks
In the teaching practice and attempt of chemical engineering thermodynamics, we should first make clear the teaching content and main line, break the single mode of students' listening, integrate theory with practice, arouse students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning, stimulate students' interest in the teaching content, and reform and innovate teaching methods in the teaching process to teach students in accordance with their aptitude, so as to lay a solid foundation for students to learn more professional knowledge of energy and chemical engineering and engage in new energy industry.
refer to
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Liang Hao, Liu Huiru, Wang Chunhua. Teaching Practice and Attempt of Chemical Thermodynamics [J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 20 10/0,37 (1):157-158.
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Zhu Ziqiang, Wu Youting. Chemical Thermodynamics (3rd Edition) [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2009.
Feng Xin, Xuan, Zhou, et al. Chemical Thermodynamics [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2008.
Chen Zhongxiu, Gu, Hu. Chemical Thermodynamics (2nd Edition) [M]. Beijing Chemical Industry Press 2000.
Smith JM, Van Nis HC, Abbott MM, Liu Honglai, Lu Xiaohua, Chen Xinzhi, etc. Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics (7th Edition). Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2007.
Abstract: With the continuous development of science and technology in China, chemical technology is more and more widely used in chemical production. As an important technology in chemical production, chemical technology can not only effectively save the time required for chemical production, but also improve the efficiency of chemical production. Therefore, after expounding the technical concept of chemical technology, this paper introduces the application of supercritical fluid technology, heat transfer technology and green chemical reaction technology in chemical production in detail, analyzes the existing problems of chemical technology at present, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures, so as to make chemical technology develop better in chemical production.
Keywords: chemical engineering technology; Chemical production; Application; analyse
In China, science and technology have always been an important production technology. With the rapid development of science and technology, chemical technology has been widely used in chemical production. Chemical technology is mainly to learn the relevant technologies that need to be adopted in the chemical production process. Its main purpose is to develop, design, manufacture and manage chemical engineering products. Because chemical technology can effectively improve product quality and work efficiency in chemical production, we pay more attention to chemical technology, and constantly extend it to all fields of chemical production, so that chemical technology can be better developed, and then continuously promote China's economic development and scientific and technological development, making our living conditions more superior.
Elaborate the technical concept of 1 chemical engineering technology.
Nowadays, chemical products have become very common items in people's lives, such as medicines, food and daily necessities, as well as agricultural medicines and raw materials needed for factory production. Therefore, chemical technology has become a hot technology, and people pay more and more attention to it. Chemical engineering technology is a technology applied to chemical production based on the combination of chemical theory and related technologies. It uses chemical equipment to produce products on a large scale through a series of chemical reactions. In the process of chemical production, chemical reactants and equipment have very high technical requirements for engineering, and the advantage of chemical technology is that it can meet the requirements of chemical reactions, thus improving the quality of chemical products. In addition, chemical technology has a greater advantage, that is, waste treatment. This technology does not have a big impact on the environment as much as possible, and meets the current production requirements in China.
2 Application of chemical engineering technology in chemical production
2. 1 application of supercritical fluid technology in chemical production
The main content of supercritical fluid technology is to control a certain temperature and pressure, so that the required fluid is in a state between liquid and gas. The characteristics of this fluid combine the advantages of gas and liquid. Its low viscosity is similar to gas and its high density is similar to liquid, which leads to its strong diffusion ability, which is between gas and liquid. At the same time, it also has strong solubility and compressibility. When this technology is applied to chemical production, supercritical fluid can be obtained by controlling temperature and pressure, and its advantages can be used for energy saving. Nowadays, we apply this technology to more fields, such as polymer materials, composite materials, organic materials and inorganic materials.
2.2 Application of heat transfer technology in chemical production
Chemical heat transfer technology is mainly divided into two aspects, one is micro-scale heat transfer technology, and the other is strengthening heat transfer process. Firstly, micro-scale heat transfer is a heat transfer technology focusing on thermal convection, heat conduction and thermal radiation, which is discussed and studied from spatial scale and time scale. This technology has been widely used in micro-nano science and achieved good results, so people pay more attention to its application in chemical production. Strengthening the heat transfer process, the main focus is to continuously improve the heat transfer coefficient in the production process by debugging the heat exchange equipment, so that it can continuously release heat to the outside world. In order to strengthen the heat transfer process, it is necessary to increase the temperature difference between hot and cold fluids, which must improve the heat transfer coefficient by changing the heat exchange area, thus improving the heat transfer efficiency and realizing energy saving and consumption reduction in the chemical production process.
2.3 Application of Green Chemical Reaction Technology in Chemical Production
Usually, the products produced by chemical production will generally have some impact on our lives, so we need to adopt green chemical reaction in the process of chemical production to prevent environmental pollution, which is a technical method to solve the pollution problem from the source. Green chemistry can only solve the harm caused by chemistry to people and the environment by using chemical techniques and methods combined with relevant knowledge. The main requirements are that reagents, catalysts, raw materials, products and by-products used in chemical production must be harmless to human beings and the environment, and at the same time, they must be environmentally friendly. For example, in the use of green and non-toxic raw materials, biological raw materials can be used instead of petroleum raw materials. For example, in the production process of chemical product nylon, benzene-containing petrochemical raw materials were originally used. We changed their raw materials into biological raw materials, and they can also be made into nylon, which not only protects the environment, but also protects the human body from harm. In addition, this technology has also played a huge role in the production of green food. Green food is very beneficial to human body, and chemical agents are generally prohibited in its production process, which not only reduces the harm to human body, but also reduces the impact on the environment. However, the cost of producing green food is high. In order to reduce the cost and improve the quality, we can combine chemical technology with biotechnology, develop gene technology and improve and promote the yield and quality of crops. The combination of biotechnology and chemical reaction technology can be fully utilized in the follow-up process.
3 Problems existing in chemical engineering technology today
3. 1 chemical technology needs to be further improved.
At present, chemical technology in China is widely used, but there are still some shortcomings. The application of dropwise condensation in industry is still not well implemented, because the condensed droplets can not be preserved for a long time after obtaining dropwise condensation, so we should do further research on this issue to solve this problem. Let China's chemical technology develop better and people have better living conditions.
3.2 lack of chemical engineering and technical personnel
Another serious problem in chemical engineering is the problem of technical personnel. Only by using talents with strong chemical professional knowledge can the quality of chemical production be better improved. However, there is such a problem in China now. The general technical ability and professional ability of chemical workers are not strong, mainly because of China's education system. Contemporary college students have a good grasp of theoretical points, but the practical operation is seriously lacking, which leads to the shortage of technical talents, thus affecting the progress of chemical technology.
4. Put forward the countermeasures of developing chemical engineering technology.
4. 1 continuous improvement of chemical engineering technology
With the continuous development of science and technology in China, chemical engineering technology will become more and more advanced. We should constantly update our technology to adapt to the development of social science and technology. We should constantly add new technologies while consolidating traditional chemical technologies, and discard the disadvantages, so as to achieve better development of chemical engineering technology.
4.2 Training chemical technicians
The importance of talents is obvious to all, and chemical technicians play a vital role in the development of chemical industry. Therefore, for the better development of chemical engineering technology, we pay attention to cultivating chemical technical talents. Chemical production enterprises can cooperate with relevant professional colleges and universities, so that students with professional counterparts have the opportunity to go to the production factory for relevant internship operations, and cultivate technical talents with solid theoretical knowledge and certain operational ability to work.
5 conclusion
The wide application of chemical technology in chemical production not only promotes the development of social economy, but also improves people's living standards. Through the continuous influx of technology and talents, China's chemical technology will have a better development.
References:
Wang,,, Ma Chao, et al. Discussion on the application of chemical technology in industrial production [J]. Big Science and Technology, 20 15, (27):283~283.
Hou, Wang, etc. Application analysis of chemical engineering technology in chemical production [J]. Shandong Industrial Technology, 20 15, (14):9 1.
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Liu Yang. Application analysis of chemical engineering technology in chemical production [J]. Theoretical research on urban construction (electronic version), 20 15, (9):662~663.
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