Respect children's learning characteristics and guide them to develop happily.
Children's learning characteristics are determined by their related psychological characteristics.
Psychological characteristics related to learning mainly include:
1. Low behavioral intention. That is, many behaviors of children are unintentional, such as unintentional attention, unintentional memory, unintentional imagination and so on. Note that 3 years old can only last for 3-5 minutes.
2. Emotional. That is to say, many behaviors of children are controlled by emotions. They will do it if they are willing, or they will not do it if they are unwilling, or they will do it if they are interested, or they will not do it if they are not interested. You won't be rational until you are 5 years old. This is related to children's self-centered thinking and narrow attention.
3. Perception is the main information input channel. The development of feeling and perception begins in the sixth month of the fetus, and the development of language begins around 1 year, that is, the development of children's language lags far behind that of his feeling and perception. Therefore, the information channels for children to know things are mainly senses and perception, supplemented by language. With the growth of children's age, especially after they enter primary school, language information gradually becomes the main source of information for them to understand things, and perception retreats to auxiliary information.
4. The concrete image of thinking. Because children have a small vocabulary and underdeveloped language skills, they often think in the form of images in their minds, instead of thinking in the form of language and concepts like adults. And many concepts children can't understand.
The above psychological characteristics of children determine that the learning process of children has its own characteristics.
1. Starting point of learning: What children are interested in is the starting point of learning. Then adults guide him to achieve the educational goal and make him achieve the goal of development. For example, if children like cars, they can be taught to know the types of cars, say children's songs about cars, sing songs about cars, draw cars, count cars and run like cars, so that they can cultivate their language, art and body from a child's interest.
2. Learn in life and games. Because children's attention is mostly unintentional, you can't let them sit still and concentrate before they start studying. You can only learn imperceptibly in life and games.
3. Learning level: gain rich perception and experience, rather than accurate knowledge that can be expressed in words. You don't have to know a few words, numbers or poems to think that your child is smart. The key is to let children feel the happiness in the learning process and the happiness brought by what they have learned. This feeling is with children all their lives.
4. Content of learning: cultivate various abilities, not book knowledge. There are five main aspects, namely, health (physical and mental health; Develop good living habits; Improve self-care ability; Develop basic movements; Improve safety awareness and self-protection ability), language field (develop good listening habits; Improve language understanding and expression ability; Like reading; Develop good reading habits; ), social learning field (positive emotions; Will associate with others; Abide by an understandable code of conduct; A preliminary understanding of the surrounding environment), scientific fields (curiosity and thirst for knowledge; Will express and communicate the process and results of exploration; Know common animals, plants and daily necessities; The importance and interest of experiencing mathematics; Have a preliminary awareness of environmental protection), art field (feel and love the beauty in the environment, life and art; Express your feelings and experiences in your favorite way). The learning content is extremely rich. Only by respecting children's psychological characteristics and learning characteristics can children feel a sense of success and competence in their studies, and gradually establish confidence in themselves and trust in their surroundings.
In addition, psychologically, after the age of two, the child has the first psychological rebellious period, and the previously obedient child suddenly becomes disobedient, showing why everything is done by himself. This is the normal psychological reaction of children and the beginning of the development of children's self-awareness. Parents should correctly understand and guide.