Legal safety education materials (1)
Teenagers are the future of the motherland, the hope of the nation, and the builders and successors of socialist modernization. The party and the government are very concerned about and attach importance to the growth of teenagers. China has made great achievements in youth education and protection, and the juvenile crime rate has been relatively low in the world. However, in recent years, due to various negative factors and bad environment, the juvenile crime rate in China has become increasingly prominent, which has caused serious harm and great misfortune to society, families and individuals, and also posed a severe challenge to the strategic goal of governing the country according to law.
In the process of promoting the rule of law and building a socialist country ruled by law, we have an unshirkable historical responsibility to strengthen the legal education of teenagers and promote their healthy growth. To this end, we investigated the current situation, characteristics and causes of juvenile delinquency, and made some explorations on how to further strengthen juvenile legal education and prevent juvenile delinquency:
First, the current situation, characteristics and causes of juvenile delinquency
(1) The current situation of juvenile delinquency is not optimistic. Can it be used? Large quantity, great harm and fast spread? Nine words summary. In terms of quantity, there are about 250 million students in our country, among whom juvenile offenders account for about six ten thousandths of the total. Big cities are higher, reaching 20.6 per 10,000. Among them, juvenile delinquency accounts for about 70% of criminal offences; Judging from the harmfulness, teenagers' crimes are extremely harmful because of their immature physiology, simple thinking and impulsiveness. For example, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the first kidnapper in Shaoxing County, Chen Tiejiang (then 17 years old), often played truant, mixed with a group of idlers in society, got into the bad habit of gambling and playing video games, demanded more than 20,000 yuan for kidnapping money, and killed a 9-year-old boy, which caused great harm to society. From the perspective of spreading, juvenile delinquency has a strong imitation, and its criminal behaviors and means spread to form gangs, and similar cases spread rapidly and occur repeatedly in a certain area. Gang crime is getting worse and worse. For example, in Shaoxing a few years ago, organized gangs to commit crimes, such as? East street gang? 、? Chengnan gang? Wait a minute.
(2) At present, the main characteristics of juvenile delinquency are: ① Crime tends to be younger. According to statistics of relevant departments, in the early 1980s, the average age of juvenile first offenders was 16, but in the 1990s, the average age of first offenders dropped to 14- 15. (2) Social idle juvenile delinquency is prominent. Nowadays, most of the juvenile delinquents drop out of school, and some young farmers go out to work blindly. Most of them are idle in society, doing nothing, and prone to illegal and criminal acts. (3) Crimes committed by students in school are on the rise year by year, with junior high school students as the majority, accounting for 18-22% of juvenile offenders. The types of crimes are very complicated. They are extortion, theft and robbery, affray, hurting relatives, taking drugs, and some even commit computer crimes.
(3) The causes of juvenile delinquency are complicated and various. There are objective reasons such as social environment and subjective factors such as teenagers' own physiology and psychology. Subjectively speaking, teenagers are in a period of physical growth, knowledge acquisition and gradual formation of outlook on life and world. During this period, their ideological understanding gradually matured, they were sensitive, curious, imaginative and fond of imitation, but their ability to distinguish was poor, so that in the face of pursuing novelty and excitement, they were easily influenced by bad influences and led to crimes. From an objective point of view, since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in society, schools and family environment, and many new situations and problems have appeared that affect the growth of teenagers, including the mistakes in family education, the deviation of school education and the influence of various unhealthy or corrupt ethos in society, which will make teenagers embark on the road of illegal crimes.
Two, strengthen the legal education of young people, ways to prevent juvenile delinquency
In the face of the fact that some teenagers have weak awareness of law and discipline, weak awareness and ability of self-protection, and juvenile delinquency tends to be younger, it has become a top priority to further strengthen juvenile legal education. Then, how can we better grasp the legal education of teenagers and better safeguard their legitimate rights and interests? I think we can start from the following aspects:
(a) widely carried out to? Examples of two methods? Publicity and education activities as the main content.
Legal publicity and education is an important work content and means to implement Comrade Jiang Zemin's thought of governing the country according to law and by virtue, and to strengthen the ideological and political work of teenagers, and it is also a basic work throughout. In order to improve the legal awareness and legal concept of young people, we have carried out? Examples of two methods? Take legal publicity activities as the main content: First, give full play to organizational advantages.
Potential, widely developed in schools, communities and rural areas? Two laws and one system? Publicity day, publicity week and publicity month activities should be coordinated from top to bottom to create an atmosphere; Second, strive for social support, rely on various functional departments such as propaganda, justice, education and news, design effective activity carriers, speak with facts and publicize with activities to achieve all-round publicity and education effects; Third, design colorful activities and organize a series of activities such as knowledge contests, thematic symposiums, legal publicity and consultation, essay writing and speeches. By opening up a legal column, we can enhance the ability of young people to protect themselves according to law and the awareness of the whole society to protect their legitimate rights and interests.
(two) continue to strengthen the construction of legal education team and base for young people.
A relatively stable team of juvenile legal educators and a relatively stable juvenile legal education base will be the premise and guarantee for the smooth development of juvenile education. The relevant departments have issued the Notice on Hiring the Vice-President of the Legal System in primary and secondary schools in the city, and hired middle-level cadres who have worked in public security, courts and judicial bureaus and have certain legal education experience and excellent ideology and morality as the Vice-President of the Legal System, and issued a unified letter of appointment. I happen to be the Vice-President of the Legal System of our Qiao Qi Middle School, and I will give you a lecture today. And carry out legal knowledge contests and social practice activities related to law among students; And have the responsibility to cooperate with schools and families to find and help students with problems, manage the surrounding environment and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of school staff and primary and secondary school students. Second, a number of legal education bases for young people have been established, which has truly implemented legal education for young people, avoided the erroneous phenomenon of going through the motions vigorously and making a mountain out of a molehill, and ensured the smooth progress of legal education for young people.
(three) to carry out legal education activities.
Organize large-scale legal consultation and publicity activities to create an atmosphere for young people to protect their rights. These activities have promoted the development and deepening of legal education. The Public Security Bureau, together with the industrial and commercial and cultural departments, concentrated time on special rectification of the surrounding environment, cultural and entertainment venues and electronic game halls on campus, creating a good environment for students' growth.
Legal education? around the corner
In recent years, juvenile delinquency in China has gradually increased, which has attracted great attention from the state. Not long ago, the school organized us to watch the script "In Court". The story is tortuous, touching and thought-provoking. A boy of 14 years old was forced to drop out of school because his family was poor. He idled around at home all day and gradually got into the bad habit of gambling. Finally, in order to pay off gambling debts, he accidentally killed someone and was finally punished by law.
After watching this movie, I can't be calm for a long time. Yes, the juvenile criminal record is surprisingly high now. 2 1 century today, our great motherland is becoming more and more prosperous, and a manned spacecraft has just flown into space. Teenagers are the hope of the motherland. How can it not worry people? A true story happened around me: my cousin just turned 16 years old and got good grades, but a group of drug dealers stared at him, pretended to be close to him and forced him to eat * * *. As a result, he became addicted to drugs and was no longer interested in reading. When he became addicted, he used money to buy drugs from drug dealers and gradually lost control. Money always runs out, so he asks his father for money. His father knows that he is a good boy, so he gives it to him every time. Slowly, his father began to suspect, until finally refused to give him money, so he had to owe money to the drug dealer all the time. Once, the drug dealer told him, don't worry if you have no money, you are willing to let me help you. So the drug dealer told him to grab a brand-name car with his brothers, so he didn't have to pay back the money. Give it back to him. He was forced to do so. He robbed a drug dealer while no one was around, but he was caught red-handed by the police and put in a juvenile detention center, and was punished by law.
Bloody facts show that juvenile delinquency has increasingly become a problem that cannot be ignored by the whole society. Our school pays close attention to this publicity, and specially invites some legal experts to hold symposiums for students and have a law class every week to enhance their legal awareness; Organize and study some special handwritten newspapers, write award-winning essays, and carry out theme class meetings; School radio also introduces legal knowledge to everyone; The teacher also showed us around the prison.
In short, the country has laws and regulations, and the law is the foundation of the country. If a country can't do it, it can't stand in the world, let alone establish its own prestige in the world. Both units and individuals should attach importance to the law. Grandpa Deng Xiaoping even pointed out in 1986 that it is very important to strengthen the legal system through education, and the fundamental problem is to educate people. Legal education should start with dolls, and primary and secondary schools should carry out legal education. Therefore, every primary and secondary school student should seriously study legal knowledge and be a good student who knows, understands and abides by the law.
Legal Safety Education Materials (2)
Money and goods anti-theft
1. Some passengers are used to traveling with cash. Although there are some preventive measures, it is easy to be targeted by thieves. Passengers had better change their modes of travel, use cash and bank cards to withdraw money, so that they don't have to be nervous about being stolen along the way, and they can really go out easily. At the same time, we should pay attention to: (1) If people suddenly gather around the ticket office to boo, it is best not to watch the excitement, because there are many people at this time, and they are most likely to be picked up. (2) Don't accept drinks and food from strangers, because there may be narcotic drugs in it. (3) Don't let strangers look after luggage. (4) If you park at night, always pay attention to your luggage. (5) When taking the train, personal belongings should be placed on the luggage rack within sight and observed at any time, especially before the train arrives, when there are many passengers getting on and off, pay more attention to your luggage. (6) When taking the train at night, if two people travel together, they can rest alternately and must not fall asleep at the same time; If you take the train alone, you should stick to it nearby, and you must not sleep, let alone let other passengers look after your luggage in case of accidents. (7) If you need to sleep, you can lock the bag containing valuables, put it beside you or fix it on the luggage rack with a chain lock. Put the tea table legs and certificates in your underwear pocket to prevent others from stealing these valuables while you are asleep. (8) When riding in a sleeper car, you must never cover your body with a coat full of cash when you are asleep, fold it up and put it under your head, or put cash and wallet in your underwear pocket. (9) When the train arrives at the station, passengers should get off and walk around to buy food. The range of activities should be close to the luggage window, not too far away. When getting on and off the train, you should prevent the money and things you carry from being stolen.
2. Walk on the sidewalk and carry your bag on the wall or by the store to prevent the car from grabbing the bag. Don't fiddle with money in public places, and don't put it in your coat pocket and pants back pocket. When you take the bus, you should put the money in your underwear pocket or bag, button it and zip it.
It is a virtue to be cautious when people ask for directions, but some criminals take advantage of people's enthusiasm and kindness, sprinkle narcotic substances on handkerchiefs or directions, wait for opportunities to rob property, and some even take the victim's keys and ID cards home to steal them at will. Therefore, when people ask for directions, especially in remote places, don't get too close, simply say a few words and then leave.
4, don't take things from strangers, go out and give cigarettes, brewed drinks and food to strangers, be vigilant, don't eat and drink easily, in case drugs or drug addicts pull you into the water. If you find anything unusual, you should call the police immediately and always remind yourself to take precautions.
5. Be careful? Confidante? Some people are always secretly proud of their own affairs and ignore safety precautions. Who knows? The gentle trap has been set. When you are a prostitute in Lu Yu, don't follow them to houses, hotels, cinemas and other places. And don't smoke their drinks and cigarettes, which are often mixed with narcotics, so pay attention to prevent yourself from losing money in the end.
6. Handbags, mobile phones, gold necklaces, etc. It is the first choice prey for criminals. As long as these items are firmly held in their own hands, it is difficult for the perpetrators to take them away easily. Ladies should be careful when wearing expensive decorative items, and pay attention to the dynamic changes of vehicles and pedestrians when walking or stopping to watch and shop. It's best to find one or two more people to accompany you, take care of each other and ensure safety.
7. Prevent pickpockets. There are four main ways for pickpockets to commit crimes: one is to pick out their bags. Without the help of crime tools, when the victim is unprepared, he quickly approaches and starts, often using clothes, purses, newspapers and other items as props to steal wallets, cash or mobile phones from the victim's pocket; The second is to pull the bag. When the victim's backpack is squeezed behind him and can't be taken care of, he uses his partner's body or borrows clothes, purses, newspapers and other items as props to block others' sight, quickly unzip and steal wallets, cash or mobile phones and other property; The third is to cut bags. Pickpockets cut the victim's bag or pocket with sharp blades such as razors and paper cutters, and steal wallets, cash or mobile phones and other property; The fourth is to carry a bag. Pickpockets usually pretend to shop or eat in busy shopping malls, restaurants and other places with a big black opaque plastic bag or an open big bag, looking for wallets hanging on one side or on cabinets, tables and stools. Once the victim tries on clothes or turns his head to eat, he quickly approaches the target, picks up the leather bag, puts it in his big bag and walks away. Some people steal bags from the market basket when the victims concentrate on buying food, bargaining and distracting themselves.